Typhoon Wayne (1986)
 Typhoon Wayne (Miding) on September 4 | |
| Meteorological history | |
|---|---|
| Formed | August 16, 1986 |
| Dissipated | September 6, 1986 |
| Duration | 3 weeks |
| Typhoon | |
| 10-minute sustained (JMA) | |
| Highest winds | 140 km/h (85 mph) |
| Lowest pressure | 955 hPa (mbar); 28.20 inHg |
| Category 2-equivalent typhoon | |
| 1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC) | |
| Highest winds | 165 km/h (105 mph) |
| Lowest pressure | 950 hPa (mbar); 28.05 inHg |
| Overall effects | |
| Fatalities | 490 |
| Damage | $399 million (1986 USD) |
| Areas affected | China, Macau, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Vietnam, Philippines and Japan |
| IBTrACS | |
Part of the 1986 Pacific typhoon season | |
Typhoon Wayne, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Miding, is one of the longest-lived
Meteorological history
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
Unknown
Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depressionThis system began its long life on August 16 in the
Vertical shear caused Wayne to weaken to a depression on August 25 according to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, and August 26 according to the JMA,[1] as the cyclone began to rotate around the circulation of Vera to its north. Tropical Depression Wayne sped up to the northeast, but when Vera moved far enough away, Wayne drifted northeastward through the South China Sea, becoming a tropical storm again on August 27. Ridging to its north forced Wayne southward, where it again became a typhoon on August 30 according to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, and August 31 according to the JMA. Wayne passed close to northern Luzon on September 2 as a 75 knots (139 km/h) typhoon, but turned back to the west. The JMA lowered Wayne back to a tropical storm on September 3 before restrengthening the cyclone back into a typhoon by early September 4.[1] On September 4 while moving quickly westward through the South China Sea, Wayne reached a peak of 85 knots (157 km/h) winds according to the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, or 70 knots (130 km/h) winds according to the JMA, before it weakened due to land interaction. It hit northern Hainan on September 5 as an 70 knots (130 km/h) typhoon. Its center passed just north of Haikou, where pressure fell to 970.1 hectopascals (28.65 inHg).[2] Wayne then entered the Gulf of Tonkin, and made its final landfall over Ha Nam Ninh in northern Vietnam later on that day, as a tropical storm. On September 6, Wayne dissipated over Vietnam/Laos border, after 85 JTWC advisories. The storm was one of the longest lasting Western Pacific tropical cyclones in recorded history.[3]
Preparations
In Hong Kong, the Stand By Signal 1 was hoisted at 11:30 a.m. on August 19. As Wayne approached, the Strong Wind Signal 3 was raised at 11:00 a.m. on August 20. During its first approach, the Northeast Gale/Storm Signal 8 was issued at 10 p.m. on August 20. As winds relaxed, the Strong Wind Signal 3 replaced the Storm Signal 8 at 2 a.m. on August 21, with all signals lowered by 5 a.m. on August 21. During Wayne's second approach, the Stand By Signal 1 was raised at 11:45 a.m. on August 25. Signals were again lowered once Wayne moved farther away at 2:35 p.m. on August 26. During Wayne's third approach, the Stand By Signal 1 was hoisted at 1:30 a.m. on September 4. As Wayne continued its approach, the Strong Wind Signal 3 was raised at 3 p.m. the same day. Once Wayne moved away to the west of the area, signals were lowered for their final time at 2:10 p.m. on September 5.[2]
Impact
During its passage of Taiwan, 63 died, 12,000 houses collapsed, and a thousand fishing vessels were wrecked. Total damage to the island reached US$360 million (1986 dollars).
See also
- Typhoons in the Philippines
- Typhoon Nari (2001) - a long-lived and erratic storm that affected Taiwan
- Typhoon Tembin (2012) - a long-lived typhoon that affected the Philippines and then Taiwan twice in its lifetime
- Tropical Storm Haima (2011)
- Tropical Storm Bebinca (2018)
- Typhoon Rita (1972) – the second longest-lasting tropical cyclone in the Northwest Pacific
- Typhoon Noru (2017) — tied for second longest-lasting Northwest Pacific Tropical cyclone.
- Hurricane John (1994) — second longest lived tropical cyclone globally and the farthest travelling tropical cyclone ever
- Cyclone Freddy (2023)— longest lived tropical cyclone globally
References
- ^ a b c d JMA. RSMC Best Track Data (Text): 1986-1990. Archived 2009-05-06 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2009-02-07.
- ^ a b c d e f g Hong Kong Royal Observatory (1987). Meteorological Results 1986: Part III - Tropical Cyclone Summaries. Archived 2019-10-23 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2009-02-01.
- ^ a b c JTWC(1987). Chapter 3: Northwest Pacific and North Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones. Archived 2011-06-07 at the Wayback Machine United States Navy. Retrieved on 2007-12-19.
- ^ Roth, David M. (January 3, 2023). "Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima". Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Data. United States Weather Prediction Center. Retrieved January 6, 2023.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (1990). 1989 Joint Typhoon Warning Center Tropical Cyclone Reports for the Northwest Pacific and North Indian Oceans. Archived 2011-06-07 at the Wayback Machine United States Navy. Retrieved on 2008-11-26.
