United States Northern Command
United States Northern Command | |
---|---|
Insignia | |
NATO Map Symbol[6][7] |
United States Armed Forces |
---|
Executive departments |
Staff |
Military departments |
Military services |
Command structure |
The United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM)
USNORTHCOM was created on 25 April 2002 when President
Creation
USNORTHCOM was established on 25 April 2002 when President George W. Bush approved a new
Mission
According to the UCP, Northern Command's mission is to:[12]
- Conduct operations to deter, prevent, and defeat threats and aggression aimed at the United States, its territories, and interests within the assigned area of responsibility and,
- As directed by the President or Secretary of Defense provide military assistance to non-military authorities including consequence management operations
Area of responsibility
USNORTHCOM's Area of Responsibility (AOR) includes air, land and sea approaches and encompasses the
Organizational structure
Headquarters
Commander, U.S. Northern Command is concurrently Commander of the U.S.-Canadian
USNORTHCOM headquarters has approximately 1,200 uniformed and civilian staff.
Component commands
Emblem | Command | Acronym | Commander | Established | Headquarters | Subordinate Commands |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Joint Force Land Component Command[22] |
ARNORTH | Lt General John R. Evans Jr. |
11 June 1946 | JBSA-Fort Sam Houston, Texas |
| |
MARFORNORTH | Lt General Brian W. Cavanaugh | 16 December 1946 | Naval Station Norfolk, Virginia |
| ||
Joint Force Maritime Component Command[25] |
NAVNORTH | Daryl L. Caudle |
1 January 1906 | Naval Support Activity Hampton Roads, Virginia |
| |
Joint Force Air Component Command[26] |
1 AF (AFNORTH) | Lt Gen Steven S. Nordhaus |
1 November 2007 | Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida | ||
ARCYBER / JFHQ–C | Lt General Maria B. Barrett |
1 October 2010 | Georgia |
*These Subordinates fall under United States Army Intelligence and Security Command, however Operational Control (OPCON) is given to ARCYBER for cyber-related effects. |
Subordinate unified commands
Emblem | Command | Acronym | Commander | Established | Headquarters | Subordinate Commands |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alaskan Command[29] | ALCOM | Lt General David S. Nahom, USAF |
15 November 1945 | Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Alaska |
There is no U.S. Navy component of ALCOM. The United States Coast Guard's 17th District works closely with ALCOM and de facto acts as its maritime component. | |
Special Operations Command North[30] |
SOCNORTH | ARNG |
5 November 2013 | Peterson Space Force Base, Colorado |
Standing joint task force
Emblem | Command | Acronym | Commander | Established | Headquarters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Joint Force Headquarters National Capital Region | JFHQ-NCR | Major General Allan M. Pepin, USA |
22 September 2004 | Washington D.C.
| |
Joint Task Force – Civil Support | JTF-CS | Colonel Timothy J. Sulzner, ARNG |
October 1999 | Joint Base Langley-Eustis, Virginia
| |
Joint Task Force North | JTF-North | Major General Matthew D. Smith, ARNG |
November 1989 | Fort Bliss, Texas |
Commanders
The commander of United States Northern Command is a
Note: The National Defense Authorization Act of 2008 stipulates that at least one deputy commander of USNORTHCOM be a National Guard general officer unless the commander is already such an officer.[31][32]
No. | Commander | Term | Service branch | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office | Term length | ||
1 | 22 October 2002 | 5 November 2004 | 2 years, 14 days | U.S. Air Force | ||
2 | Timothy J. Keating (born 1948) | Admiral5 November 2004 | 23 March 2007 | 2 years, 138 days | U.S. Navy | |
3 | Victor E. Renuart Jr. (born 1949) | General23 March 2007 | 19 May 2010 | 3 years, 57 days | U.S. Air Force | |
4 | James A. Winnefeld Jr. (born 1956) | Admiral19 May 2010 | 3 August 2011 | 1 year, 76 days | U.S. Navy | |
5 | Charles H. Jacoby Jr. (born 1954) | General3 August 2011 | 5 December 2014 | 3 years, 124 days | U.S. Army | |
6 | William E. Gortney (born 1955) | Admiral5 December 2014 | 13 May 2016 | 1 year, 160 days | U.S. Navy | |
7 | Lori J. Robinson (born 1958/1959) | General13 May 2016 | 24 May 2018 | 2 years, 11 days | U.S. Air Force | |
8 | Terrence J. O'Shaughnessy (born 1964/1965) | General24 May 2018 | 20 August 2020 | 2 years, 73 days | U.S. Air Force | |
9 | Glen D. VanHerck (born 1962) | General20 August 2020 | 5 February 2024 | 3 years, 169 days | U.S. Air Force | |
10 | 5 February 2024 | Incumbent | 73 days | U.S. Air Force |
Planning and strategy
Northern Command has created several classified "concept plans" (e.g. "Defense Support of Civil Authorities") that are intended to address the 15 National Planning Scenarios that NORTHCOM must be prepared to respond to.[33]
However, in 2012, the GAO found that the national strategy to defend the United States is several years out of date.[34]
Domestic operations and training
NORTHCOM operates extensive domestic intelligence operations which both share and receive information from local, state and federal law enforcement agencies. Employees of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Central Intelligence Agency, National Security Agency, Defense Intelligence Agency, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, and other agencies maintain offices at NORTHCOM and receive daily intelligence briefings.[35] The total of 14 agencies with representatives at NORTHCOM in December 2002 included the State Department, NASA, and the Federal Aviation Administration.[36]
Northern Command has completed several joint training exercises with local, state and federal law enforcement agencies, the
In Exercise Vigilant Shield 2008, Northern Command,
Related legislation
The
The
On 1 October 2008, the
See also
- National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012
- NSPD-51
- United States National Guard
References
- ^ "NORTHCOM History" (PDF). NORTHCOM. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 March 2022.
- ^ "USNORTHCOM Vision". Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
- ^ "Commander, North American Aerospace Defense Command and U.S. Northern Command". U.S. Northern Command. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
- ^ "Vice Commander, U.S. Element, North American Aerospace Defense Command and Deputy Commander, U.S. Northern Command". U.S. Northern Command. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
- ^ "Command Senior Enlisted Leader, North American Aerospace Defense Command and U.S. Northern Command". U.S. Northern Command. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
- ^ FM 1-02 Operational Terms and Graphics (PDF). US Army. 21 September 2004. pp. 5–37.
- ^ ADP 1-02 Terms and Military Symbols (PDF). US Army. 14 August 2018. pp. 4–8.
- ^ Informally known simply as "NORTHCOM" or "Northern Command")
- ISBN 978-1-60442-462-1.
- ISBN 978-1-59454-139-1.
- ISBN 978-0-8330-3661-2.
- ^ "The Beginning" (PDF). U.S. Northern Command. 31 December 2012. p. 4.
U.S. Northern Command's mission is to deter, prevent and defeat threats and aggression aimed at the United States, its territories, and interests. Additionally, the command is charged with providing defense support for civil authorities when approved by the President or Secretary of Defense. U.S. Northern Command also provides military resources and support to federal, state and local authorities.
- ^ Jacoby, Charles. "2014 NC Posture Statement" (PDF). northcom.mil. Retrieved 18 April 2015.
- ^ U.S. Northern Command Public Affairs (22 October 2009). "About USNORTHCOM". USNORTHCOM website. Peterson Air Force Base, CO: U.S. Northern Command. Archived from the original on 16 August 2009. Retrieved 28 July 2010.
- ^ "USNORTHCOM responds to Deepwater Horizon oil spill". Northcom.mil. Retrieved 19 May 2011.
- ^ "Deepwater Horizon airspace activity now coordinated at 601st AOC". Northcom.mil. 13 July 2010. Retrieved 19 May 2011.
- ^ "NORTHCOM assumes oversight of Alaskan Command - Stripes".
- ISBN 978-1-61251-019-4.
- ^ "U.S. Northern Command History". Retrieved 11 February 2013.
- ^ "U.S. Northern Command". Archived from the original on 16 August 2009. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
- ^ "New military command seeks civilian managers". 15 August 2002.
- ^ "ARNORTH Organization".
- ^ "MARFORCOM Units".
- ^ "Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic, Marine Forces Command, Marine Forces Northern Command". marforcom.marines.mil.
- ^ "US Navy Fleet Forces Command".
- ^ "1st Air Force Units".
- ^ "ARCYBER Organization".
- ^ "USCYBERCOM History".
- ^ "Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson > Units > Alaskan Command".
- ^ "Special Operations Command North (SOCNORTH)".
- ^ http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?tab=main&bill=h110-4986 Pub.L. 110-181: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008
- ^ http://www.govtrack.us/congress/billtext.xpd?bill=h110-4986 Pub.L. 110-181: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008 full text
- ISBN 978-0-89206-534-9.
- ^ "DOD Needs to Address Gaps in Homeland Defense and Civil Support Guidance GAO-13-128, Oct 24, 2012."
- ISBN 978-0-415-44646-4.
- ^ Shenon and Schmitt NYT 2002.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-7546-7346-0.
- ^ "Bush Moves Towards Martial Law, 26 October 2006". Towardfreedom.com. 26 October 2006. Retrieved 19 May 2011.
- ^ "Brigade homeland tours start 1 Oct". Army Times. 30 September 2008. Retrieved 19 May 2011.
Further reading
- Colonel Cronen; R. Barry (December 2009). "U.S. Northern Command & Defense Support of Civil Authorities". Center for Army Lessons Learned (CALL) Newsletter. 9 (10). Archived from the original on 16 May 2015. Retrieved 13 December 2011.
- Shenon, Philip; Eric Schmitt (27 December 2002). "Meeting Daily, U.S. Nerve Centre Prepares for Terrorists". The New York Times.
- NORTHCOM: A Short History Archived