U.S. Route 30 in Iowa

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

U.S. Highway 30 marker

U.S. Highway 30

Map
US 30 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by Iowa DOT
Length330.856 mi[1] (532.461 km)
Existed1926[2]–present
HistoryLincoln Highway from 1913–1928[2]
Major junctions
West end US 30 at Blair, Nebr.
Major intersections
East end US 30 at Fulton, Ill.
Location
CountryUnited States
StateIowa
Counties
Highway system
I-29 Iowa 31

U.S. Highway 30 (US 30) is a major east–west

primary highway in the state and is maintained by the Iowa Department of Transportation (Iowa DOT). The route in Iowa begins at the Missouri River crossing at Blair, Nebraska, and ends at the Mississippi River crossing at Clinton, Iowa. Along the way, it serves Denison and Carroll in western Iowa, Boone, Ames, and Marshalltown in central Iowa, and Tama, Cedar Rapids, and DeWitt in eastern Iowa. Cutting across the central portion of the state, US 30 runs within close proximity of the Union Pacific Railroad's Overland Route
for its entire length.

US 30 was conceived as a part of the

U.S. Highway System came into being in the 1920s, and the Lincoln Highway became US 30, federal money
started to pay for paving Iowa's dirt roads. By 1931, the route had been paved across the entire state.

The route of the Lincoln Highway and US 30 has accommodated the changing needs of the traveling public. Early Lincoln Highway travelers were directed into many small towns as the route traveled 358 miles (576 km) across the state. Towards the middle of the 20th century, the route was straightened, bypassing most downtown areas and several towns altogether. More recently, long sections of US 30 have been upgraded to a four-lane expressway to accommodate increasing traffic. Since 2006, the highway has been designated an Iowa Heritage Byway by Iowa DOT, the first highway in the state with that distinction.

Route description

US 30 extends from west to east across the central portion of Iowa, with much of the highway traveling through rolling farmland. Small towns dot the entire route, which connects the larger cities of Denison, Ames, Cedar Rapids, and Clinton. Between Ogden and Mount Vernon, significant portions of the highway have been upgraded to a four-lane freeway.[3]

Western Iowa

US 30 enters the western end of Iowa by crossing the Missouri River on the Blair Bridge, located east of the Nebraska town of the same name. Adjacent to the highway bridge is the Union Pacific Railroad's river crossing for the Overland Route. The highway runs roughly parallel to the rail line for its entire run across Iowa.

Boyer River valley through the Loess Hills, a region of wind-deposited silt extending from north of Sioux City to extreme northwestern Missouri.[7] The rolling Loess Hills rise 50–100 feet (15–30 m) above the roadway while the land in the valley stays relatively flat.[8] US 30 enters Logan and intersects the eastern end of Iowa Highway 127 (Iowa 127). The highway runs parallel to the Boyer River as well as the Overland Route in a general northeast direction from Logan.[3] Four miles (6.4 km) east of Logan is the western end of Iowa 44, which extends 105 miles (169 km) east to Des Moines.[6]

The highway enters Crawford County north of Dunlap in Harrison County. For seventeen miles (27 km), US 30 passes through farmland and the small communities of Dow City and Arion. For one-half mile (800 m) through Denison, it overlaps US 59 and Iowa 141, which run concurrently through the town.[6] The Iowa DOT refers to routes which overlap other routes as duplicate routes.[6] It follows the East Boyer River through Denison as the Boyer River forks west of the northern intersection with US 59 / Iowa 141. US 30 travels north-northeasterly towards Vail. Between Vail and Westside, the highway ceases following the East Boyer River and heads due east towards Arcadia and Carroll in Carroll County.[3]

At Carroll it intersects

Union Pacific, respectively. East of Grand Junction, the highway passes over the Overland Route where it stays south of the railroad until Le Grand.[5]

Central Iowa

Four miles (6.4 km) west of Ogden, US 30 is joined by

four-way stop in Boone, which is the last stop along the route until Iowa 1 in Mt. Vernon, though this is now a roundabout. Three miles (4.8 km) east of Boone, it meets Iowa 17 at a diamond interchange. One mile (1.6 km) east of that interchange is a shortcut to northbound Iowa 17.[6]

Traffic is filtered into Ames and

I-35, US 30 is overlapped by the I-35 Business Loop. Between the Duff and Dayton Avenue interchanges, it crosses the South Skunk River.[3] The Dayton Avenue interchange serves hotels and restaurants and is a travel stop for I-35 travelers.[11]

A small concrete bridge crosses a stream. The sides of the bridge were designed to spell out "Lincoln Highway".
The Lincoln Highway bridge in Tama

East of the Dayton Avenue interchange is I-35, which connects US 30 to

U.S. Route 30 Business (US 30 Business).[6] US 30 bypasses Marshalltown approximately one-quarter mile (400 m) south of its business loop. Near Marshalltown Community College, it intersects Iowa 14 at a diamond interchange. The 18th Avenue interchange on the southeastern side of Marshalltown is the eastern end of the business loop. From Marshalltown, it travels five miles (8.0 km) to Le Grand, crossing over the Overland Route rail corridor on the west side.[5] It bypasses Le Grand to the north, where it intersects the northern end of Iowa 146 at a diamond interchange. Continuing east, the highway enters Tama County. It rises over a large hill north of Montour and then descends into the Iowa River valley.[3]

East of the Iowa River is the

US 63 at a partial cloverleaf interchange.[12] From US 63 it turns to the southeast to skirt Tama's east side. It rejoins the former alignment of the highway east of Tama and heads due east, along section lines in Tama and Benton Counties, and does not enter another town for 40 miles (64 km).[6]

Eastern Iowa

US 30 enters Benton County nine miles (14 km) north of

wrong-way concurrency; that is, where two or more routes heading in opposite directions share the same highway. In this instance, US 30 is the main east–west road while US 151 and US 218 are duplicate routes, nominally heading north and south, respectively. At the I-380 interchange, US 218 leaves US 30 / US 151 and joins the Avenue of the Saints highway. East of I-380, US 30 / US 151 serve as a divider between the Lincolnway Village neighborhood to the south and a light industrial district to the north.[6]

A bridge crosses a river
US 30 crosses the Mississippi River at Clinton via the Gateway Bridge.

South of

US 61 at DeWitt. US 30 overlaps US 61 for one mile (1.6 km), crossing the Union Pacific Overland Route in the process, and leaves US 61 via a trumpet interchange.[6]

US 30 continues east as an expressway, passing DeWitt to the south. Five miles (8 km) east of DeWitt, it crosses back over to the north side of the Overland Route.

Gateway Bridge and crosses into Illinois.[14]

History

The path which US 30 follows has changed since it was originally planned as the Lincoln Highway in the early 1910s. The first path connected as many downtown areas as possible, in order to create awareness about the Good Roads Movement and the Lincoln Highway.[15] As the primary highway system of Iowa matured, and the Lincoln Highway yielded to US 30, the highway was gradually straightened, leaving many towns off the route.[16] More recently, new construction has routed traffic away from the straighter roads and onto sections of freeway and expressway.[3]

Lincoln Highway

Lincoln Highway marker

Lincoln Highway

LocationCouncil Bluffs–Clinton
Length358 mi[17] (576 km)
Existed1913–1928

US 30 was created with the U.S. Highway System in 1926, but the route it takes dates back to 1913, when the

Carl Fisher, the Lincoln Highway was the first highway to cross the United States, connecting New York City to San Francisco. In Iowa, it was uncertain exactly where the Lincoln Highway would run. As of August 1913, no definite route had been planned; the only certainty was the route would pass through Iowa. Iowans raised over $5 million (equivalent to $113 million in 2023 dollars[18]) for the construction of the road.[19] On September 14, 1913, the Lincoln Highway Association announced the route. It was 358 miles (576 km) of dirt roads, connecting Clinton, DeWitt, Cedar Rapids, Tama, Marshalltown, Ames, Jefferson, Denison, Logan, and Council Bluffs.[17] The route was marked by a red, white, and blue tricolor emblazoned with an L. The route markers were painted upon telephone poles, bridges, and nearby buildings to show travelers the way.[20]

A highway passes underneath a train bridge.
The Lincoln Highway passes beneath a Union Pacific Railroad bridge in State Center with the "L" logo painted on the bridge support.

While not ideal for transcontinental travel, Iowa's dirt roads were of high quality. Foreigners even compared them to the best roads in France. However, the same could not be said when they were wet. The mud was so thick and viscous it was nicknamed "

Henry B. Joy, then-president of the Lincoln Highway Association, was to show travelers, for one mile (1.6 km), how fast and smooth their trip could be, only to bring them back to reality at the end of the mile. Seedling miles were placed at least six miles (9.7 km) from the nearest town and in areas where the terrain was rough. Between August 1918 and June 1919, Iowa's first seedling mile was built in Linn County, west of Mount Vernon. The ribbon of concrete, which was 16 feet (4.9 m) wide, 7+12 inches (19 cm) thick, and crowned for drainage 1+12 inches (3.8 cm), cost nearly $35,000 (equivalent to $460,000 in 2023 dollars[18]) to build.[15]

Despite the success of the seedling miles across the country, Iowa lagged behind other states in improving its roads. Before 1924, Iowa's 99 counties, not the state highway commission, were responsible for the construction and maintenance of the state's roads.

Iowa State Highway Commission required extensive grading to be performed before paving could occur. In 1922, only five percent of Iowa's roads, 334 miles (538 km), were paved. By 1924, twenty percent of the Lincoln Highway in Iowa had been paved, and by 1931, it was paved continuously from New York City to Missouri Valley, Iowa.[15]

1930s–1950s

Historical US 30 route markers
US 30 route marker
1926 design
US 30 route marker
1948 design used at intersections
US 30 route marker
1961 design

When the Lincoln Highway became U.S. Highway 30 in 1926, the route was 358 miles (576 km) long and passed through every town along the way.

Lyons-Fulton Bridge.[23][24] However, by 1957, the old alignment through Clinton and across the Lyons-Fulton Bridge was numbered U.S. Highway 30 Alternate.[24][25]

1960s–1980s

In the 1960–1970s, Iowa DOT started to build freeway segments along US 30. In 1965, it was straightened and rerouted to the south of Ogden and Boone along an eleven-mile (18 km), four-lane stretch of road.

Iowa 930.[28][29] In eastern Iowa, a new, twenty-mile-long (32 km) freeway connected DeWitt and Clinton by 1976.[30][31] By 1985, the bypass of Cedar Rapids had been completed from 16th Avenue SW to Iowa 13 near Bertram. The bypass was extended five miles (8 km) further west in 1989.[32][33] Between 1996 and 2000, an $8.2-million extension (equivalent to $14.7 million in 2023 dollars[18]) was built to connect the bypass to the western intersection of US 218.[34][35][36]

Since the Cedar Rapids bypass was completed in 1985, on occasion, traffic has had to be rerouted off of US 30. The bypass's proximity to the Union Pacific Railroad mainline resulted in an elevated roadway between Edgewood Road and Sixth Street SW. When strong winds come from the south, fog produced by an

Archer Daniels Midland plant adjacent to the highway billows over the road making driving dangerous.[37] The Iowa DOT set up an emergency detour from Edgewood Road SW north to 16th Avenue SW east to 6th Street SW back to US 30. The frequency of fog-related detours has decreased in recent years due to improved technology and the plant's expansion and relocation of cooling towers away from the highway.[37]

1990s to the present

The 1990s saw more construction of four-lane roads along US 30. Stretches of four-lane roads that had already been constructed were extended towards other communities. In Story County, it was widened to four lanes from the I-35 interchange to US 65 at Colo. The original 1950s-era bypass of Marshalltown was itself bypassed in 1997 by a freeway three-quarters mile (1.2 km) south of the original bypass.

U.S. Route 30 Business, the first business route along US 30 in Iowa. The four-lane stretch southeast of Cedar Rapids was extended another five miles (8.0 km) to a point two miles (3.2 km) west of Mount Vernon, costing $5.6 million (equivalent to $10 million in 2023 dollars[18]) to build.[34][38]

Since the beginning of the 21st century, Iowa DOT has continued to widen US 30 to four lanes. In 2004, an $18.6-million (equivalent to $33.4 million in 2023 dollars[18]), four-lane section opened from east of Marshalltown to the Meskwaki Settlement west of Tama, bypassing Le Grand.[34] In 2010, two sections of expressway were completed. A seven-and-a-half-mile-long (12 km) section from Colo to State Center opened to westbound travelers on November 29, while the eastbound lanes opened a week later.[39][40] The seven-and-a-half-mile-long (12 km) section, which bypasses the Tama/Toledo area, opened in two segments. The first of which opened on November 1, and the second on November 25.[41] On July 7, 2011, a section from State Center to Iowa 330 opened in Marshall County.[42] On November 22, 2019, an eight-mile (13 km) extension opened, bypassing Mt. Vernon and Lisbon.[43] In June 2021, a nine-mile-long (14 km) segment opened in Tama County.[44]

Legacy of the Lincoln Highway

New Iowa Heritage Byway signage along US 30 near Denison

While the Lincoln Highway has not been an official route for 98 years, it is still a source of pride in the communities and regions through which it passed. Nearly 85 percent of the original Lincoln Highway is still drivable, although much is gravel.[45] Most of what is drivable is either along US 30 or within one mile (1.6 km).[3] The Lincoln Highway bridge in Tama was built in 1915. It was restored in the 1980s after local officials feared losing the then-deteriorating bridge.[46] Preston's Service Station, a landmark of Belle Plaine, has become a Lincoln Highway museum.[47] Monuments were built along the route to honor not only Abraham Lincoln,[48] but to honor Iowans who were influential for planning its route.[49]

In 1992, the Lincoln Highway Association was reformed with a chapter in each state through which the highway passed. The new LHA is a historical preservation group that wants to preserve the remaining sections of the highway.[50] The Iowa chapter of the LHA has, since 2008, sponsored a tour of the Lincoln Highway. To keep friendly to classic cars, the tour does not travel upon the sections of the road which are gravel.[51] After years of lobbying by the LHA, the Iowa Department of Transportation, in 2006, designated the Lincoln Highway the first Iowa Heritage Byway.[52] The 2010 Transportation Map of Iowa showed the path designated as the Iowa Heritage Byway for the first time.[3]

Major intersections

CountyLocationmi[1]kmExit[3]DestinationsNotes
Missouri River0.0000.000
US 30 west / Lincoln Highway – Blair
Continuation into Nebraska
Blair Bridge; Nebraska–Iowa state line
HarrisonMissouri Valley9.24614.880 I-29 – Council Bluffs, Sioux CityI-29 exit 75
10.61717.086N. 1st StreetFormer Iowa 183, US 75
10.97817.667
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway (S. 6th Street)
Former US 30, Iowa 183, and US 75
Logan19.29131.046
Iowa 127 west – Magnolia, Mondamin
Jefferson Township23.17837.301
Iowa 44 east – Portsmouth
Dunlap37.75460.759
Iowa 37 east – Earling
Western end of Iowa 37 overlap
37.98961.137
Iowa 37 west – Soldier
Eastern end of Iowa 37 overlap
CrawfordDenison51.14582.310

US 59 south / Iowa 141 east – Harlan
Western end of US 59 / Iowa 141 overlap
54.54787.785


US 59 north / Iowa 141 west to Iowa 39 – Ida Grove
Eastern end of US 59 / Iowa 141 overlap
Iowa 285
US 71 – Lake View, Audubon
Iowa 286
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway
east
Former US 30
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway
Former US 30
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway – Scranton
Former US 30
Jefferson108.198174.128 Iowa 4 – Jefferson, Churdan
Grand Junction115.242185.464 Iowa 144 – Rippey, Paton
117.003188.298
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway
west / CR E53
Former US 30
US 169 north – Fort Dodge
Western end of US 169 overlap
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway east – Ogden
Former US 30
126.356203.350126
US 169 south – Ogden, Adel
Eastern end of US 169 overlap
Iowa 164
Des MoinesWorth
township line
137.316220.989137 Iowa 17 – Madrid, Stanhope
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway
west
Former US 30
141.790–
142.688
228.189–
229.634
142Lincoln Way (Iowa 930) – Napier
StoryAmes144.885233.170144 CR R38 (South Dakota Avenue) – Kelley
147.003236.578146University Boulevard – Iowa State University
148.524239.026148
US 69 (Duff Avenue) – Huxley
Western end of I-35 Business overlap
149.745240.991150Dayton Avenue
150.534242.261151
I-35 Business Loop ends – Des Moines, Minneapolis
I-35 exit 111; exits signed as 151A (south) and 151B (north); eastern end of I-35 Business overlap
Grant Township152.034244.675152580th AvenueInterchange under construction
Iowa 133
157.595253.62515719th Street – Nevada
US 65 – Des Moines, Iowa Falls
Iowa 234
Washington Township179.938289.582179 Iowa 330 – Albion, Melbourne, Des Moines
US 30 Bus.
east (Iowa Avenue)
Eastbound exit and westbound entrance only
182.023292.938182Oaks Avenue, Highland Acres RoadWestbound exit and eastbound entrance only
Marshalltown184.531296.974185 Iowa 14 – Newton, Marshalltown Business District
186.013299.359186

US 30 Bus.
west (18th Avenue)
US 30 Business signed westbound only
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway
west (Shady Oaks Road)
Former US 30
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway east / CR T37 north – Le Grand, Grinnell
192.176309.277Main StreetFormer US 30
Iowa 135
US 30 Bus. – Toledo
Westbound exit and eastbound entrance only
Toledo202.037325.147202 US 63 – Tama, Toledo
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway – Tama
US 30 Business only signed eastbound
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway east / CR E66 – Chelsea
Former US 30, Iowa 212
TamaBenton
county line
YorkKane
township line
217.222349.585217 Iowa 21 – Belle Plaine, DysartInterchange opened on August 30, 2023
Iowa 131
222.046357.348 CR V42 –
Iowa 200
Iowa 82
Eldorado Township231.004371.765231
US 218 north – Vinton
Western end of US 218 overlap
239.956386.172 CR W14 –
Iowa 287
Iowa 201
239.985386.218 CR W28 –
Iowa 279
LinnClinton Township243.114–
244.504
391.254–
393.491
246
Iowa 100 east – Cedar Rapids, Marion
80th Street SW to 16th Avenue SW – Fairfax
Eastbound signed exits 246A (Iowa 100) and 246B (80th Street SW); former US 30
Amana Colonies
Western end of US 151 overlap; former Iowa 149
247.619398.504250Edgewood Road SW
249.683401.826252A6th Street SW – Hawkeye DownsFormer US 218, US 30
250.017402.363252
B–C

Airport
I-380 exit 16; eastern end of US 218 overlap
250.694403.453253Kirkwood Boulevard SW, Bowling Street SW
251.693405.061254 CR W6E (C Street SW) – ElySigned as exits 254A (south) and 254B (north) eastbound
Bertram Township256.630413.006259

US 151 north / Iowa 13 north – Marion
Eastern end of US 151 overlap
Franklin Township261.199420.359Business 30 SWFormer US 30
Mount Vernon262.668422.723265 Iowa 1 – Mount Vernon, Solon, Cornell College, Historic DistrictsExit opened November 22, 2019[53]
LinnCedar
county line
FranklinPioneer
township line
266.147428.322268LisbonExit opened November 22, 2019[53]
CedarStanwood277.743446.984
Iowa 38 north (Ash Street) – Olin
Western end of Iowa 38 overlap
FremontDayton
township line
278.758448.618
Iowa 38 south – Tipton
Eastern end of Iowa 38 overlap
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway east / CR X64 to Iowa 130
Former US 30
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway
west
Former US 30
288.005463.499
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway
east
Former US 30
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway
west
Former US 30
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway east – DeWitt
Western end of US 61 overlap; former US 30
309.759–
310.329
498.509–
499.426
312
US 61 south – Davenport
Eastern end of US 61 overlap
311.772501.7483136th Avenue –
Iowa 956
Iowa 948
EdenCamanche
township line
321.372517.198323 CR Z36 – Low Moor, ElviraFormer Iowa 391
Clinton327.177526.540
US 67 south / Great River Road (Washington Boulevard) – Camanche
Western end of US 67 overlap; US 67 is the Great River Road
327.422526.935
Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway
(Harrison Drive)
Former US 30
330.164531.347

US 30 west / US 67 south (S. 4th Street)
One-way couplet
330.465531.832
US 67 north / Great River Road (S. 3rd Street) / 8th Avenue South
Eastern end of US 67 overlap
Mississippi River330.856532.461Gateway Bridge; Iowa–Illinois state line

US 30 east – Morrison
Continuation into Illinois
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

References

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  5. ^ a b c Iowa Department of Transportation (July 1, 2008). "Iowa State Railroad Map" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 13, 2007. Retrieved March 1, 2010.
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  10. ^ Iowa State University (September 2007). "Sesquicentennial: Iowa State University". Archived from the original on April 1, 2009. Retrieved January 31, 2011.
  11. ^ Ames Convention & Visitors Bureau (2008). 2008 Ames Area Visitors Guide. pp. 4–5.
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  17. ^ (PDF) from the original on October 29, 2020.
  18. ^
    Gross Domestic Product deflator
    figures follow the MeasuringWorth series.
  19. Newspapers.com
    .
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  50. ^ Lincoln Highway Association. "Contact Us". Archived from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved April 28, 2010.
  51. ^ Iowa Lincoln Highway Association (March 17, 2010). "ILHA Motor Tour". Archived from the original on September 16, 2009. Retrieved April 28, 2010.
  52. ^ Iowa Lincoln Highway Association (Spring 2009). "Along the Lincoln Highway" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on December 31, 2010. Retrieved April 28, 2010.
  53. ^
    The Gazette. Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Archived
    from the original on February 6, 2020. Retrieved December 20, 2019.

External links

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Media related to U.S. Route 30 in Iowa at Wikimedia Commons

U.S. Route 30
Previous state:
Nebraska
Iowa Next state:
Illinois