US FWS John R. Manning

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US FWS John R. Manning
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
NameUS FWS John R. Manning
NamesakeJohn Ruel Manning (1897–1939), pioneer in fishery product utilization research
OperatorUnited States Fish and Wildlife Service
Awarded27 June 1949
BuilderPacific Boatbuilding Company, Tacoma, Washington
Launchedearly 1950
Commissionedearly 1950
Decommissioned1969
Homeport
Identification
FateSold 1969
United States
NameMV R. B. Hendrickson
Acquired1969
IdentificationIMO number: 7308047
FateSank 13 May 1979
General characteristics
Type
research ship
Tonnage550 GRT
Displacement237
tons
Length86.5 ft (26.4 m)
Beam22 ft 6 in (6.9 m) or 24.5 ft (7.5 m) (sources disagree)
Draft8.5 ft (2.6 m)
Depth12 ft 8 in (3.9 m)
Installed power2 x diesel generators
Propulsion6-
Washington Iron Works diesel engine
Speed7.75 knots (14 km/h) or 9 knots (17 km/h) (cruising) (sources disagree)
Range8,000 nmi (15,000 km)
NotesSOURCES[1][2][3][4]
purse seine set in the tropical Pacific Ocean
, ca. 1950

US FWS John R. Manning (FWS 1002) was an American fisheries research vessel in commission in the fleet of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service from 1950 to 1969. She explored the Pacific Ocean in search of commercially valuable populations of fish and shellfish. After the end of her Fish and Wildlife Service career, she operated as the commercial fishing vessel MV R. B. Hendrickson until she sank in 1979.

Origin

In August 1947, the

docking and warehouse site at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii,[5] the Congress funded the conversion or construction of three ocean-going vessels to support POFI's work.[5] During 1949 and 1950, these three vessels joined the Fish and Wildlife Service fleet as US FWS Henry O'Malley, US FWS Hugh M. Smith
, and US FWS John R. Manning.

Construction and commissioning

Unlike Henry O’Malley and Hugh M. Smith, which were converted

purse-seiner capable of long-distance deployments to remote areas with limited refueling options.[4] The FWS awarded a contract for her construction to the Pacific Boatbuilding Company in Tacoma, Washington, on 27 June 1949.[6] Launched in early 1950, she was delivered to the FWS shortly thereafter.[4] She was commissioned early in 1950 as US FWS John R. Manning (FWS 1002),[4] named for John Ruel Manning (1897–1939), a United States Bureau of Fisheries chemist and technologist who pioneered the concept of fishery products utilization research.[7]

Technical characteristics

John R. Manning was specially designed for exploratory and experimental

purse-seiner,[8] but with a number of significant differences, including a longer range and the inclusion of live bait tanks — installed to allow her to experiment with new ways of purse-seining[1] — and a large number of gurdies (mechanical cranks used to haul fishing lines) to facilitate her experimentation with new purse-seining techniques.[2] In addition to commercial-scale purse-seining, she was outfitted for longline fishing and deep-water trolling.[1][2]

An 86-foot-6-inch (26.37 m) long

radio telegraph transmitter, and an automatic steering pilot.[4]

Service history

Fish and Wildlife Service

bow
view of US FWS John R. Manning, from Commercial Fisheries Review, November 1950 Supplement

After her commissioning, John R. Manning departed

big-eyed tuna by examining the contents of their stomachs.[4]

During her early years in the tropical Pacific, John R. Manning captured a number of rare or unusual fishes. These included:

Under the direction of

survey ship USS John Blish during Operation Crossroads in 1946.[15]

In 1954, John R. Manning began a new assignment, exploring the waters of the North Pacific Ocean between Hawaii and

Pacific albacore populations.[4] While longlining off Hawaii during these operations in 1955, she captured a marlin weighing 1,500 pounds (680 kg) that had a 5-foot (1.5 m), 157-pound (71 kg) yellowfin tuna in its stomach that it had recently swallowed headfirst.[16] At the time, a debate existed as to whether billfish such as marlins used their elongated snouts to spear their prey;[16] the yellowfin had two holes in its body consistent with the marlin having speared it, providing clear evidence of this behavior.[16]

In 1956, the Fish and Wildlife Service underwent a major reorganization in which it was renamed the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and its oceangoing vessels were placed under its new Bureau of Commercial Fisheries (BCF).[4] That year, John R. Manning's home port changed from Pearl Harbor to Juneau, Alaska.[4] In 1957, she began operating in support of the Northeastern Pacific Albacore Survey, operating in the Pacific Ocean along the west coast of North America to investigate populations of tuna and their movements.[4]

John R. Manning underwent an overhaul at Seattle in early 1963, during which shipyard workers discovered a substantial

search-and-rescue actions during 1963, and in four of them rescued about 20 people from six different vessels in distress.[4]

During most of the 1960s, John R. Manning conducted

fisheries patrols, including observation of foreign fishing activities in the Bering Sea.[4] Her patrols took place mostly in the Gulf of Alaska,[17] and a 1964 BCF publication on foreign fishing activities in the Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska reported very negatively on her patrol work,[17] describing her crew as "inept"[17] and the vessel herself as "inadequate,"[17] concluding that she was "severely lacking as a law enforcement vessel"[17] and that her "very presence among the most modern fishing fleets in the world is damaging to US prestige,"[17] and recommended her replacement.[17]

Despite the negative report, John R. Manning remained in service. In 1967, she supported the BCF's Exploratory Fishing and Gear Research (EF&GR) program by assessing the mid-water populations in the Bering Sea of

schools of Alaskan pink shrimp at night well above the sea floor in inshore waters.[4] In 1968 and 1969, she conducted exploratory surveys of scallop populations in Southeast Alaska for EF&GR.[4]

The USFWS

US FWS Oregon replaced her.[4]

Later career

The USFWS sold John R. Manning in 1969,[18] and she became the commercial fishing vessel R. B. Hendrickson,[4][18] with the official number 524645.[18] On 13 May 1979, R. B. Hendrickson ran aground and sank.[4]

See also

  • NOAA ships and aircraft

References

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b c d e f Sette, O.E. and M. B. Schaefer, "Pacific Oceanic Fishery Investigations Statement of Program", April 17, 1950, p. 85 Retrieved September 1, 2018
  2. ^ a b c d e f Commercial Fisheries Review, March 1950, p. 45.
  3. ^ a b Commercial Fisheries Review, April 1953, p. 1.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac AFSC Historical Corner: John R. Manning, 20 Years of Exploratory Fishing Retrieved August 30, 2018
  5. ^ a b c d Commercial Fisheries Review, October 1948, p. 27.
  6. ^ Commercial Fisheries Review, September 1949, p. 19.
  7. ^ Anonymous, “Dr. Manning Passes,” Fisheries Service Bulletin, No. 292, September 1, 1939, p. 1 Accessed 10 August 1939
  8. ^ Commercial Fisheries Review, April 1950, p. 40.
  9. ^ Commercial Fisheries Review, April 1950, p. 49.
  10. ^ Commercial Fisheries Review, November 1949, p. 30.
  11. ^ King and Ikehara, p. 22.
  12. ^ King and Ikehara, pp. 18–20.
  13. ^ King and Ikehara, pp. 20–22.
  14. ^ King and Ikehara, pp. 22–23.
  15. ^ Robinson, Margaret K., "Sea Temperature in the Marshall Islands," Bikini and Nearby Atolls, Marshall Islands, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1954, p. 288 Retrieved August 31, 2018
  16. ^
    ISBN 0-7614-7277-0
    , p. 1562 Retrieved August 31, 2018
  17. ^
    ISBN 978-1-4443-3467-8
    , unpaginated Retrieved August 31, 2018
  18. ^ a b c shipbuildinghistory.com Pre-NOAA Research and Survey Ships - US Fisheries & Wildlife Service, September 13, 2015 Accessed 30 October 2021.

Bibliography

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