Uhniv

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Uhniv У́гнів Uhnów
City
Church of Nativity of the Virgin Mary
Coat of arms
Uhniv Show map of Lviv Oblast Uhniv Show map of Ukraine
Coordinates: 50°22′00″N 23°44′40″E / 50.36667°N 23.74444°E / 50.36667; 23.74444
Country	Ukraine
Oblast	Lviv Oblast
Raion	Chervonohrad Raion
Hromada	Belz urban hromada
First written mention	1360
Magdeburg rights	1462
Population  (2022)
• Total	939

Uhniv (

Uhniv is the smallest city of Ukraine. It is located 22 kilometres (14 mi) from Belz and 21 kilometres (13 mi) from Rava-Ruska. It is located next to the Poland–Ukraine border. Uhniv belongs to Belz urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.^[2] It was passed to Ukraine from Poland as a result of the 1951 Polish–Soviet territorial exchange.

History

At the end of the 2nd century AD the

In 1477 several villages were included in the general area of Hivniv, This area was extended in 1595. In 1914 there were more than 20 villages surrounding the town of Hivniv.

In 1497 the crusaders came to the district to help the

A post-office was opened in 1857.[4] The Onyshkevych family supposedly had its origins in Uhniv, and many Onyshkevychs were born in this city. For instance, Rev. Stepan Onyshkevych, a Deputy in the Imperial Council of Austria, member of the Ukrainian National Democratic Alliance, and friend of Mykhailo Hrushevsky and Ivan Franko, was born here in 1861. Myroslav Onyshkevych, a colonel in the Ukrainian Insurgent Army and commandant of UPA forces in Military District-6 "San", was born here in 1911, and a dedication to him and his brother Taras Onyshkevych (also born in Uhniv, 1914) was created in 2000, on the house where both brothers were born. After World War II, along with the 1951 Polish–Soviet territorial exchange, the Soviet Union took control of the area.^[5]

Until 18 July 2020, Uhniv belonged to Sokal Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Sokal Raion was merged into Chervonohrad Raion.^[6][7]

Jews of Hivniv

The Jewish community of Uhnow (Hivniv) goes back very far. There is little historical evidence of this since. The place is too small to be mentioned in Jewish or other records. But thanks to famous rabbis who are mentioned in various sources because of their importance, it is clear that a Jewish community existed there for at least 350 years and even had a rabbinical court and Judge.

In 1629 30 families. In 1648-9 100 families.

Rabbi Shmuel Feivish, son of Rabbi Nathan Feitel, wrote in 1658, in his description of the Khmelnytsky massacres called Tit ha-Yaven:

"From there the enemy went to

from there, the enemy advanced to Belz which had about 200 families. In addition, Belz had more than 10,000 families who escaped from other towns because Belz was a very strong city. But some died of hunger. From there the enemy went to Uhnów (Hivniv) which had 100 families - they all were killed by their enemies. From there the enemy went to Tishevitz which had 100 families and killed most of them. The enemy went to Sokal which had 100 families who had behind a very thick wall which was built like a fortress and so were saved".

The Jewish community was rebuilt by Jews from the surrounding area. After calm restored, they came out of hiding, built new homes, and lived there until World War II.

References