Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (January 2013) |
Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church | |
---|---|
Language | |
Headquarters | Kyiv, Ukraine |
Territory | Ukraine |
Possessions | |
Founder | 1st All-Ukrainian Orthodox Church Assembly |
Origin | 1921 (first), 1942 (second), 1989 (third) |
Recognition | Full communion with the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople restored in October, 2018 Polish Orthodox Church (1942–1946) |
Separations | UAOC in diaspora UAOC in exile |
Merged into | Orthodox Church of Ukraine |
Defunct | 1936 (first), 1944 (second), December 15, 2018 (third) |
Members | 3 million |
Part of a series on the |
Eastern Orthodox Church |
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Overview |
The Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAOC;
It was re-established for the third time on 22 October 1989, right before the
During the UAOC and the UOC-KP's existence, only the UOC-MP enjoyed recognition by the Orthodox Christian community worldwide, until 11 October 2018, when the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople lifted the excommunication which afflicted the UAOC and the UOC-KP.[2] It was clarified on 2 November that the Ecumenical Patriarchate recognized neither the UAOC nor the UOC-KP as legitimate and that their respective leaders were not recognized as primates of their churches.[3][4]
History
This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2018) |
The
The sacking of Kyiv itself in December 1240 during the
In the wake of the breakup of the
Reestablishment in late 1980s
Revival of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church took place in late 1988.
On February 27, 1989, a group of Lviv priests of the
The Russian Orthodox Church Lviv Metropolitan
On 19 August 1989, at the Holy Liturgy in the Peter and Paul Cathedral in Lviv, which was first held in Ukrainian, Archpriest Volodymyr Yarema read the appeal of the Initiative Committee for the revival of the UAOC, which proposed:[5]
- To create regional committees for the revival of the UAOC for their subsequent merger into the All-Ukrainian Orthodox Council.
- In your parishes, gather parish meetings, by the decision of which declare your refusal to obey the Russian Orthodox Church.
- Inform the regional committees about your unshakable loyalty to your native UAPC.
- Commemorate His Holiness Ecumenical Patriarch Demetrios I at all divine services.
Priest Bohdan Mykhailechko, head of the Initiative Committee, took part in the service and addressed the faithful with a statement of support for the initiative of the church of St. apostles Peter and Paul in Lviv. He emphasized: "Moscow did not have and cannot have any jurisdiction over our Church."
On October 22, 1989, the freelance bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church, Ioan Bodnarchuk, arrived in Lviv at the invitation of the clergy to lead the communities that had transferred to the UAOC. He conducted the Divine Service, after which he ordained a deacon, a graduate of the Lviv Polygraphic Institute, Yuri Boyko, who was elected to the first democratic city council of Lviv. Thus, he entered the canonical management of the UAOC communities. Priests of the Lviv Region, led by Bishop Ioan, held the first diocesan council.
The church regained state recognition in 1991, which is known as the "third resurrection" of the UAOC. Initially it was governed from abroad by
In November of 1991, the Ukrainian Autocephalous Ukrainian Church had 14 eparchies, 11 bishops (episcopes) and 1,600 parishes.[5]
On October 16, 2000, the Church Sobor in Ukraine elected Metropolitan
The Patriarchal Cathedral of the UAOC is the historic
11 October 2018 decision of the Ecumenical Patriarchate
On 11 October 2018, after a regular
It was later clarified that
Dissolution and merger with the UOC–KP into the OCU
On 15 December 2018, the hierarchs of the UAOC and the UOC-KP decided to dissolve them both. This was done because on the same day, the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church, the Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate, and some members of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate) were going to merge to form the Orthodox Church of Ukraine after a unification council.[16]
On 14 August 2019, the UAOC legally ceased to exist because it merged with the OCU.[19][20]
On 14 December 2019, after the meeting of the enlarged Bishops' Council, held on December 14 in Kyiv on the occasion of the anniversary of the
Primates
1921–1936
In 1921, with the establishment of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church, the Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Ukraine was considered the primate of the church. This system continued until 1936 when, due to Soviet pressure, the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was forced into emigration, with some of its members emigrating to the United States. The primates from 1921 to 1936 were:
- Vasyl Lypkivsky, Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Ukraine (1921–1927)
- Mykola Boretsky, Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Ukraine (1927–1930)
- Ivan Pavlovsky, Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Ukraine (1930–1936)
1942–1944
In 1942, UAOC was re-established with help of the
- Polikarp (Sikorsky), Archbishop of Lutsk and Volhynia, temporary administrator (1941–1944)
- Dionizy (Waledyński), Metropolitan of Warsaw and all Poland (1923–1960), proclaimed (not enthroned) Patriarch of all Ukraine (1944–1960)
In diaspora (Europe), 1945–1990
- Polikarp (Sikorsky), former Metropolitan of Lutsk and Volhynia, Primate of UAOC in diaspora (1945–1953)
- Nikanor (Abramovych), former Archbishop of Kyiv and Chyhyryn, Primate of UAOC in diaspora (1953–1969)
- Mstyslav (Skrypnyk), Metropolitan of New York and all the USA, former Bishop of Pereyaslav, Primate of UAOC in diaspora (1969–1993)
1990–2018
In 1990 the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church was reinstated in Ukraine, and the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Canada and the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church in diaspora Metropolitan Mstyslav was enthroned as a patriarch. Since 2000, the church primate has been the Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Ukraine.
- Metropolitan Ioan(Vasyl Bodnarchuk), Metropolitan of Lviv and Galicia, former Bishop of Zhytomyr and Ovruch, Primate of UAOC (1989–1991)
- Patriarch Mstyslav(Stepan Skrypnyk), Patriarch of Kyiv and all Rus-Ukraine (1991–1993)
- Patriarch Dymytriy(Volodymyr Yarema), Patriarch of Kyiv and all Rus-Ukraine (1993–2000)
- Metropolitan Mefodiy(Valeriy Kudriakov), Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Ukraine (2000–2015)
- Metropolitan Makariy(Mykola Maletych), Metropolitan of Kyiv and All Ukraine (2015–2018)
Local councils
- 5-6 June 1990 (Kyiv) – 7 bishops, over 200 priests, around 700 delegates.[22]
- Confirmed revival of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church
- Election of Metropolitan Mstyslav a Patriarch of Kyiv and All Ukraine (in absentia, due to the Soviet authorities)
- Adopted a statute
- 25-26 June 1992 (Kyiv) – 10 bishops
- Unification with the Ukrainian Orthodox Church
- Formation of the united church, Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate
- Confirmed election of Patriach Mstyslav of Kyiv as the primate of the church
- 7 September 1993 (Kyiv)
- Revival of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church
- Election of new primate
- 14-15 September 2000 (Kyiv)
- Election of new primate
Enthronizations
- 18 November 1990 Patriarch Mstyslav of Kyiv in the St. Sophia Monastery
- 14 September 1993 Patriarch Demetrius of Kyiv in the Church of the Saviour at Berestove
See also
- 2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism
- Unification council of the Orthodox churches of Ukraine
- Autocephaly of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine
- Consecration in Eastern Christianity
- List of bishops of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church
References
- ^ a b "Metropolitan Epifaniy (Dumenko) becomes Primate of One Local Orthodox Church of Ukraine". risu.org.ua.
- ^ a b c d Chief Secretariat of the Holy and Sacred Synod (11 October 2018). "Announcement". The Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. Archived from the original on 16 November 2018.
- ^ a b "Константинополь: "Надеемся, Москва обратится к разуму". Подробности беседы". BBC News Русская служба. 2018-11-02. Retrieved 2018-11-03.
- ^ Cazabonne, Emma (6 November 2018). "BBC interview with Archbishop Job of Telmessos on the Ukrainian question". orthodoxie.com. Retrieved 2018-11-07.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o From the history of UAOC. uaoc.lviv.ua
- ^ "Андріївська церква в Києві". Archived from the original on 2014-07-15. Retrieved 2014-08-07.
- ^ Polityuk, Pavel; Dikmen, Yesim (11 October 2018). "Ukraine wins approval for historic split from Russian church". Reuters. Retrieved 16 October 2018.
- ^ UOC MPwill join the new Church. 10 out of 90 UOC MP bishops signed the appeal for autocephaly to the Ecumenical Patriarch – only 11%. But separate priests could join even if their bishops don't, says Zuiev.
- ^ "Constantinople recognizes Kyiv Patriarch Filaret as church bishop". KyivPost. 11 October 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
The Kyiv Patriarchate and the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church are planning to merge with pro-independence bishops of the Moscow Patriarchate into an independent (autocephalous) Ukrainian church, which is expected to get a tomos — a Synod decree recognizing the independence of the Ukrainian church from the Constantinople church. "This decision gives us the opportunity to unite with bishops of the Moscow Patriarchate who are willing (to join)," Filaret said on Oct. 11.
- ^ "Phanar considers Filaret an ordinary bishop without an episcopal see". spzh.news. 14 October 2018. Retrieved 2018-10-29.
- ^ a b "ΑΠΟΚΛΕΙΣΤΙΚΟ | Βαρθολομαίος σε Ονούφριο: Δεν μπορείτε να έχετε πλέον τον τίτλο Κιέβου". ROMFEA (in Greek). 7 December 2018. Retrieved 2018-12-08.
- ^ a b "Phanar – to His Beatitude: You will remain Metropolitan till the Council". spzh.news. 7 December 2018. Retrieved 2018-12-17.
- ^ Cazabonne, Emma (6 November 2018). "BBC interview with Archbishop Job of Telmessos on the Ukrainian question". orthodoxie.com. Retrieved 2018-11-07.
- ^ "Exarch: Constantinople recognizes all clergy of KP and UAOC as canonical". spzh.news. 16 October 2018. Retrieved 2018-12-18.
- ^ "Constantinople recognized all clergy of KP and UAOC as canonical—Patriarchal Exarch". OrthoChristian.Com. 16 October 2018. Retrieved 2018-12-22.
- ^ "Киевский патриархат и УАПЦ самораспустились перед Собором". РБК-Украина (in Russian). 15 December 2018. Retrieved 2018-12-16.
- ^ "Makary Maletich: We won't dissolve the UAOC until Philaret dissolves the KP". OrthoChristian.Com. 23 May 2019. Retrieved 2019-05-25.
- ^ "Если такое безобразие продолжится, мы можем потерять Томос - митрополит Макарий". Апостроф (in Russian). 23 May 2019. Retrieved 2019-06-13.
- ^ "Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church ceases to exist". www.interfax-religion.com. 14 August 2019. Retrieved 2019-08-16.
- ^ "Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church ceases to exist | KyivPost - Ukraine's Global Voice". KyivPost. 2019-08-14. Retrieved 2019-08-16.
- ^ "Митрополит Епіфаній оголосив про юридичне припинення існування УПЦ КП та УАПЦ". risu.org.ua. 14 December 2019. Retrieved 2019-12-14.
- ^ Украинская Автокефальная Православная Церковь. risu.ua. 20 June 2011