Verkhovna Rada
Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine Верховна Рада України | |
---|---|
2nd Deputy Chairwoman | |
Structure | |
Seats | 450 |
Political groups | Government (235)
Supported by (36)
Opposition (71)
Others (63)
Vacant (46)
|
Elections | |
Russian military intervention in Ukraine (2014–present) and the annexation of Crimea, only 424 of the parliament's 450 seats were elected in the 2019 election, leaving 26 vacant. The number of vacant seats had grown to 27 as of June 2020.[9][10][11] |
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine[g] (often as Verkhovna Rada or simply Rada) is the unicameral parliament of Ukraine.
The Verkhovna Rada has over 450
The Verkhovna Rada developed out of the systems of the republican representative body known in the Soviet Union as Supreme Soviet (Supreme Council) that was first established on 26 June 1938 as a type of legislature of the Ukrainian SSR after the dissolution of the Congress of Soviets of the Ukrainian SSR.[13]
The 12th convocation of the
In the last elections to the Verkhovna Rada, a
Name
The name
The current name of the parliament derives from the
Another name, used less commonly, is the Parliament of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Парламент України).
History
1917–1990
- Central Rada in 1917–18
- Ukrainian National Rada in 1918 (West Ukraine)
- Labour Congress of Ukraine in 1919 (along with West Ukrainian delegates)
- Rada of the Republic in 1921 (exiled in Tarnów, Poland)[21]
The
The first elections to the Supreme Council of the Ukrainian SSR took place on 26 June 1938. The first session of the parliament took place in Kyiv from 25 July through to 28 July 1938. The first Chairman of the council was Mykhailo Burmystenko who later died during World War II. In 1938, a Presidium was elected by the council that was chaired by Leonid Korniyets. The Presidium represented the council whenever it was not in session.
During the war, the Presidium was evacuated to the city of
1990–present
Until 24 August 1991, Verkhovna Rada kept the name
The
The twelfth convocation of the Supreme Council of the Ukrainian SSR issued the
The Constitution of Ukraine[25] was adopted by the thirteenth convocation of the Verkhovna Rada on 28 June 1996, at approximately 9 a.m. local time. The parliament's fourteenth convocation officially changed the numbering of the convocations proclaiming itself the third (democratic and independent) convocation of the Verkhovna Rada.[26] After the Orange Revolution, constitutional amendments were adopted in December 2004,[27] by the fourth (fifteenth) convocation of the Verkhovna Rada. On 1 October 2010, the Constitutional Court of Ukraine overturned the 2004 Amendments, considering them unconstitutional.[28][29] On 21 February 2014, parliament reinstated the December 2004 amendments to the constitution.[30]
In 2017 and 2018, the website of the Verkhovna Rada was the most popular among all websites of the parliaments of
Location
The Verkhovna Rada meets in a
After the transfer of the capital of the Ukrainian SSR from Kharkiv to Kyiv in 1934, a whole set of government buildings was planned for the city.[32] In 1936, a contest for the construction of the new parliament building was won by architect Volodymyr Zabolotny.
The original building was constructed from 1936 to 1938. Having been destroyed in the
Other locations
- Palace Ukraina (the 1999 presidential oath of Leonid Kuchma)
- Ukrainian House (21 January 2000)
- Building of budget committee (6–8 vulytsia Bankova on 4 April 2013)
Mission and authority
Ukraine portal |
The Verkhovna Rada is the sole body of legislative power in Ukraine. The parliament determines the principles of domestic and foreign policy, introduces amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine, adopts laws, approves the state budget, designates elections for the President of Ukraine, impeaches the president, declares war and peace, appoints the Prime Minister of Ukraine, appoints or confirms certain officials, appoints one-third of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, ratifies and denounces international treaties, and exercises certain control functions.[33] The Constitution of Ukraine stipulates that the Verkhovna Rada is authorized to fulfil its functions under the condition that at least two-thirds of its constitutional composition (300 or more people's deputies) are elected.[34]
In Ukraine there are no requirements for the minimum number of signatures (of deputies) to register a bill.[35] In general the parliament adopts about 200 bills per year.[35] An average of five to six bills are registered daily in parliament.[35] As a result of this in the spring of 2019 parliament had more than 10 thousand registered and under consideration bills it had yet to debate.[35]
All procedural regulations are contained in the Law on Regulations of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine.
Until 2017 the parliament appointed and dismissed
Composition
The Verkhovna Rada is a unicameral legislature with 450 people's deputies (Ukrainian: народний депутат) elected on the basis of equal and direct universal suffrage through a secret ballot.
Parliamentary factions, groups, and parties
All members of parliament are grouped into parliamentary factions and groups. Members of parliament who were elected from a certain party list are not necessarily members of that party.[40] Parties that break the 5% electoral threshold form factions in the parliament. The formation of official parliamentary factions is regulated by the Verkhovna Rada's rules and procedures.
Only 15 or more deputies may form a parliamentary faction and an MP may be a member of only one faction at a time. The chairman and his two vice-chairmen may not be the heads of factions.[29][41] Under current parliamentary rules a faction of non-partisan politicians can not be smaller than the smallest faction of a political party.[42]
Deputies who are expelled from factions or decide to leave them to become individual lawmakers; individual deputies are allowed to unite into parliamentary groups of people's deputies that again have at least 15 deputies.
Each parliamentary faction or group appoints a leader.
Since the
In 2010, women accounted for 8.5% of MPs.[50] After the 2012 parliamentary election they made up 10% of the parliament.[51] Following the 2014 parliamentary election women made up 11.1% of the parliament; setting a record for Ukraine.[52] For comparison, the EU average for female representation in national legislatures was 25% as of 2014.[52] Ukraine made further progress in this area in the 2019 elections, following which 21% of the Rada was female.[53]
On 20 March 2022, the activities of the main opposition party, Opposition Platform — For Life were suspended by the National Security and Defense Council for the period of martial law due to allegations of having ties to Russia made by the Council during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[54][55]
Biggest parliamentary factions
- 1990–1994 1991 August Putsch in Moscow it was simply called as Group of 239)
- 1994–2002 Communist Party of Ukraine
- 2002–2006 Viktor Yushchenko Bloc "Our Ukraine"
- 2006–2014 Party of Regions
- 2014 All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland"
- 2014–2019 Petro Poroshenko Bloc "Solidarity"
- 2019–present Servant of the People
Members of Parliament
Members of the Verkhovna Rada are known officially as "People's deputies of Ukraine". According to the "Law on elections of national deputies of Ukraine",[56] a citizen of Ukraine may become a People's Deputy if he or she has, on the day of the election, a) reached 21 years of age; b) political franchise; c) resided in Ukraine for the last five years.
Deputies have the right to free transportation, free use of the hall of official delegations, free housing, free medical services and free vacations at
Deputy's absence from parliamentary meetings is being countered by withholding salary.[64]
In December 2019 deputy's immunity was dismantled except that a lawmaker is not legally liable for the results of voting or statements in parliament and its bodies.[65]
Over the years several local millionaires have been members of the Rada.[66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75]
In early 2020,
Oath of office
Before assuming office, the deputies must take the following oath before the leadership of the Rada and fellow deputies on the first day of a new session of the Rada.
In the original Ukrainian:
Присягаю на вірність Україні. Зобов'язуюсь усіма своїми діями боронити суверенітет і незалежність України, дбати про благо Вітчизни і добробут Українського народу.
Присягаю додержуватися Конституції України та законів України, виконувати свої обов'язки в інтересах усіх співвітчизників.[77]
English translation:
I swear allegiance to Ukraine. I commit myself with all my deeds to protect the sovereignty and independence of Ukraine, to provide for the good of the Motherland and for the welfare of the Ukrainian people.
I swear to abide by the Constitution of Ukraine and the laws of Ukraine, to carry out my duties in the interests of all compatriots.[78]
Other offices
Chairman and deputy chairmen
The Verkhovna Rada elects from among its ranks a Chairman (Speaker; Ukrainian: Голова Верховної Ради), a First Deputy Chairman, and a Second Deputy Chairman.[79]
Before the Chairman of a newly convoked Rada is elected,
The chairman presides over parliamentary sessions, signs bills and sends them to the
In circumstances where the post of President of Ukraine becomes vacant, the Chairman of the Rada becomes the acting head of state with limited authority.[83] The chairman in duties of the President may dissolve parliament, appoint or submit for parliamentary approval candidates for key official posts, grant military ranks or state orders, and exercise the right of pardon.[83] The Constitution and Ukrainian legislation contain no provision for presidential succession in cases where the posts of President and Chairman of the Rada are vacant simultaneously.
Presidium
The Presidium of the Verkhovna Rada is a collective name that was adapted for the chairman and his or her deputies out of tradition. Before the
The first session of every newly elected parliament is headed by a temporary presidium that consists of six members of parliament according to Article 18 of the Regulations of the Verkhovna Rada.
Ceremonial opening and the first session of new convocation
One of the most important sessions of the parliament is the first session of each newly elected parliament. The preparation for the session is conducted by the Preparation deputy group with support from the Office of the Verkhovna Rada. The formation of the group out of the newly elected People's Deputies is conducted by the Chairman of the previous convocation or his/her deputy chairpersons (Article 13, Regulations of the Verkhovna Rada). The group elects its own chairperson, his or her deputy and a secretary on principles for establishing the temporary special commission. The group terminates its activity with the establishment of parliamentary committees.
Before the opening of the first session of each newly elected parliament, all newly elected People's Deputies of Ukraine are gathered for a special ceremonial meeting to take the oath of office (article 14, Regulations of the Verkhovna Rada). An Invitation to take the oath is given by the Chairperson of the previous convocation who grants the leading word to the oldest member of the parliament and asks the members to rise and reads the oath out loud. Every member of parliament signs a copy of the oath that is held in the archives of the Verkhovna Rada.
The plenary meetings of the first session reviews the following matters: formation of the provisional presidium of the first session, establishment and registration of the factions, the situation concerning legislation pending before parliament with the Chairman of the previous convocation, the election of the Counting Commission, the chairman, the chairman's deputies, hearing of extraordinary messages on domestic and foreign affairs by the President of Ukraine, hearing and discussion of the Preparation deputy group report, about the parliamentary committees, about Conciliation board of deputy factions in the Verkhovna Rada and about media coverage of the activities and sessions held by the Verkhovna Rada.
Office of the Verkhovna Rada
The Office of the Verkhovna Rada is an internal supporting department of the Verkhovna Rada that provides organizational, legal, social, analytical and other support to parliament, its other departments and members of the parliament. The Office is apolitical in its role and exists mainly to provide secretarial help.
Before the first session of each newly elected parliament, the Office provides to members of parliament various documents among which are copies of the
Office of the Ombudsman
The Office of the Ombudsman at the Verkhovna Rada was established in 1998 and was led by
Committees
The Verkhovna Rada establishes parliamentary committees composed of various deputies.
Investigative commissions
Members of the Verkhovna Rada are permitted to create temporary investigative commissions. Creating such a commission requires one-third of the constitutional composition of parliament, 150 members. Before a draft on creation of such a commission may be scheduled for voting, it has to be approved by a relevant committee, the Committee on Regulations, deputy ethics, and ensuring the work of the Verkhovna Rada.
Mass media
- Holos Ukrainy
- Rada TV
Incidents in parliament
This section needs to be updated. The reason given is: No coverage since 2013.(February 2024) |
Fights and incidents
Brawls are not unusual in the Ukrainian parliament.
A noticeable incident was the disorder of 27 April 2010, after the parliament ratified
On 12 December 2012, an all-out scuffle broke out in Parliament, as
From the parliamentary election of 28 October 2012 till the first months of 2013 parliamentary work was virtually paralyzed because the opposition (UDAR, Fatherland, Svoboda, others) blocked the podium and chairman's seat on various days.[104]
International relations
- Inter-Parliamentary Union (Geneva)
- Parliamentary dimension of the Central European Initiative (Trieste)
- Parliamentary Assembly of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (PA OSCE, Copenhagen)
- European Parliament (Brussels)
- Euronest Parliamentary Assembly (Brussels)
- NATO Parliamentary Assembly (NATO PA, Brussels)
- Interparliamentary Assembly of member nations of the Commonwealth of Independent States (Moscow)[105]
- Interparliamentary Assembly of the Eurasian Economic Community (Saint Petersburg)[citation needed]
- GUAM Parliamentary Assembly (Kyiv)
- Interparliamentary Assembly on Orthodoxy (Athens)
- Parliamentary Assembly of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (PA BSEC, Istanbul)
Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe
Ukraine was accepted as a full member of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) in 1995.
It is represented there by the parliamentary delegation of the Verkhovna Rada consisting of 12 representatives including a chairperson of the delegation, a vice-chairperson and their 12 substitutes; in total, 24 members. The Ukrainian delegation also has its own permanent secretariat of four members that assist in the inter-parliamentary relationships between the PACE and the Verkhovna Rada. For the full list of members, refer to the PACE main website at assembly.coe.int.
- 2002–2006 Borys Oliynyk (CPU), Anatoliy Rakhansky (LB)
- 2006–2007 Serhiy Holovaty (OU), Hryhoriy Nemyria (BYuT)
- 2007–2012 Ivan Popescu (PR), Olha Herasymiyuk (OU)
- 2012–present Ivan Popescu (PR), Serhiy Sobolyev (Ba)
Elections
Political developments in Ukraine have led to repeated changes in the electoral system used for parliamentary elections. Each
In the
In the 1998 and 2002 elections,[16] 225 MPs were elected in single-member districts as earlier (with the exception that the candidate needed only a simple majority to win). The remaining 225 MPs were elected on a proportional basis. These seats were divided between the parties who passed a 4% electoral threshold.
In the
According to current law, the
According to the latest reversion of the electoral code of Ukraine, that took effect on 1 January 2020, this election will be without single-member constituencies and instead deputies can only be elected on a party list in one nationwide constituency with a 5%2019 election
Party | Votes | % | ±pp | Seats | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PLPR | FPTP | Total | +/– | |||||
Servant of the People
|
6,307,097 | 43.16 | New | 124 | 130 | 254 | New | |
Opposition Platform — For Life | 1,908,087 | 13.05 | New | 37 | 6 | 43 | New | |
Batkivshchyna[h] | 1,196,256 | 8.18 | 2.50 | 24 | 2 | 26 | 7 | |
European Solidarity | 1,184,515 | 8.10 | 13.72 | 23 | 2 | 25 | 107 | |
Holos | 851,669 | 5.84 | New | 17 | 3 | 20 | New | |
Radical Party of Oleh Lyashko
|
586,294 | 4.01 | 3.43 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | |
Strength and Honor
|
558,674 | 3.82 | 3.74 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Opposition Bloc | 443,200 | 3.03 | New | 0 | 6 | 6 | New[i] | |
Ukrainian Strategy of Groysman | 352,895 | 2.41 | New | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Party of Shariy | 327,224 | 2.23 | New | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Svoboda[j] | 315,530 | 2.15 | 2.56 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | |
Civil Position | 153,259 | 1.04 | 2.06 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Party of Greens of Ukraine | 96,659 | 0.66 | 0.41 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Self Reliance | 91,700 | 0.62 | 10.35 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 32 | |
Agrarian Party | 75,540 | 0.51 | — [k] | 0 | 0 | 0 | — [l] | |
Movement of New Forces | 67,742 | 0.46 | New | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Force of People | 28,002 | 0.19 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Power of Law | 20,497 | 0.14 | New | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Social Justice | 16,575 | 0.11 | New | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Patriot | 16,147 | 0.11 | New | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Independence | 7,979 | 0.05 | New | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Torch | 7,749 | 0.05 | New | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |
Others | 2 | 2[m] | ||||||
Independents | 0 | 46 | 46[n] | 22 | ||||
Total valid votes | 100 | 225 | 199 | 424 | 1 | |||
Invalid ballot papers | ||||||||
Vacant (constituencies with no voting) | 26 | 26 | 1 | |||||
Total | 225 | 225 | 450 | |||||
Registered voters/turnout | 35,550,428 | |||||||
Source: CEC (Proportional votes, Single-member constituencies) Ukrainian Pravda (Seats and regions)
|
See also
- Central Council of Ukraine, All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets, Central Executive Committee of Ukraine
- Rada TV, the official TV channel of the Verkhovna Rada
- Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
- Ukrainian Center for EU Civil Service Standards , public institution established to facilitate administrative reform to European Union standards.
Notes
- ^
- UKROP (3)
- Our Land (2)
- Agrarian Party of Ukraine (1)
- Andriy Baloha's Team (1)
- ^
- Kira Rudyk, and creating a parliamentary group called Justice. In turn, all seven were expelled from Voice; since then, four more MPs have joined the breakaway group. However, they officially remain part of the Voice faction in the Rada.[3]
- ^
- ^ Parliamentary group formed from former deputies of Opposition Platform — For Life, which was suspended due to suspected Russian government ties.[4][5] In the 24 March 2022 parliamentary sitting, five deputies announced their resignation from the OPFL. The Rada is consulting with the Ministry of Justice against the remaining deputies as Ukrainian law does not provide for a single mechanism for suspending the activities of a party represented in parliament.[6] On 24 April 2022, MPs from OPFL created a deputy group Platform for Life and Peace[7]
- ^
- ^ Ukrainian: Верховна Рада України, romanized: Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy, lit. 'Supreme Council of Ukraine', Ukrainian abbreviation Ukrainian: ВРУ, romanized: VRU
- ^ In electoral alliance with Osnova
- ^ New party, but had 65 MPs in the last parliament, seats decreased by 59. 39 MPs from the first version of Opposition Bloc, 25 Revival and 1 independent MP which is a total of 65 MPs.[109][110]
- Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, and Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists
- ^ Did not contest in 2014
- ^ Did not contest in 2014
- United Centre and one by Bila Tserkva Together
- ^ Including 4 members of Our Land, 3 members of UKROP, 1 member of Agrarian Party and 1 member of "For specific cases" party. They were not nominated by their parties.[111][112]
References
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- ^ "Корнієнко став новим першим віцеспікером Ради. Що про нього відомо" (in Ukrainian). BBC. 19 October 2021.
- ^ "Ще один нардеп перейшов з фракції "Голосу" до групи "Справедливість" – тепер вона в більшості" (in Ukrainian). UNIAN. 7 September 2021. Retrieved 8 November 2021.
- ^ Sauer, Pjotr (20 March 2022). "Ukraine suspends 11 political parties with links to Russia". The Guardian. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
- ^ Shapero, Julia (20 March 2022). "Ukraine to ban 11 political parties with ties to Russia". Axios. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
- ^ "5 people's deputies of OPFL left the faction". Українська правда (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 28 March 2022.
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- ^ a b Parliamentary elections not to be held at nine constituencies in Donetsk region and six constituencies in Luhansk region – CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (25 October 2014)
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- ^ a b c Parliament passes law on parliamentary elections, Kyiv Post (17 November 2011)
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- ^ a b c d Electoral Code becomes effective in Ukraine, Interfax-Ukraine (1 January 2010)
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- ^ Laws of Ukraine. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine decree No. 1420-XIV: Про визначення порядку обчислення скликань Верховної Ради України (On the calculation determination of the convocations of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine). Adopted on 1 February 2000. (Ukrainian)
- ^ Laws of Ukraine. Verkhovna Rada decree No. 2222-IV: About the amendments to the 8 Constitution of Ukraine. Adopted on 8 December 2004. (Ukrainian)
- ^ Update: Return to 1996 Constitution strengthens president, raises legal questions, Kyiv Post (1 October 2010)
- ^ a b c "Rada Approves Cancellation Of Rule That Bans Deputies From Switching Factions". The Financial. 8 October 2010. Archived from the original on 9 October 2010.
- ^ Ukrainian parliament reinstates 2004 Constitution, Interfax-Ukraine (21 February 2014)
- ^ Civil movement "Chesno"(29 December 2018)
- ^ a b Mefford, Svitlana. "The Building of Verkhovna Rada. History of the sitting place of Ukrainian Parliament". The Ukrainian Observer. No. 184. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 12 October 2007.
- ^ "Article 85". Wikisource. Retrieved 11 October 2007.
- Civil movement "Chesno"(8 December 2023)
- ^ a b c d Законодавчий спам: чому в Ради не доходять руки до справді важливих ініціатив [Legislative spam: why the Council does not reach the hands of really important initiatives]. Ukrainska Pravda (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 6 July 2023.
- ^ (Official document) Law of Ukraine on Regulations of the Supreme Council of Ukraine
- ^ (Official document) Law of Ukraine on introducing changes to Regulations of the Supreme Council of Ukraine
- ISBN 9264109919(page 130)
- ^ Poroshenko signs law on High Council of Justice, Interfax-Ukraine (3 January 2017)
President signs law on High Council of Justice – MP Yemets, Ukrinform (29 December 2016)
Amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine passed: Ukraine takes a major step towards a European System of Justice, Lexology (9 June 2016) - ^ "People's deputy of Ukraine VIII convocation Mykola Tomenko". Official portal (in Ukrainian). Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
"People's deputy of Ukraine VIII convocation Alena Koshelev". Official portal (in Ukrainian). Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Archived from the original on 25 October 2015. Retrieved 9 October 2016. - ^ a b Rada amends regulations of its activities, Kyiv Post (8 October 2010)
- ^ У "Волі народу" розповіли, коли депутатська група припинить існування ["Will of the people" told when parliamentary group cease to exist]. Ukrainska Pravda (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 6 July 2023.
- ^ Explaining State Capture and State Capture Modes Archived 29 September 2012 at the Wayback Machine by Oleksiy Omelyanchuk, Central European University, 2001 (page 22)
- ^ 2001 Political sketches: too early for summing up, Central European University (4 January 2002)
- ISBN 978-0-415-33195-1, page 106
- ISBN 978-0-87003-221-9
- . Official portal (in Ukrainian). Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
- ^ a b "Young people show Yanukovych 'red card'", Kyiv Post (27 February 2012)
- ^ тушки, Google Translate
- ^ Topless protesters gain fame in Ukraine[dead link], The Washington Post (19 November 2010)
- ^ Too few women in the Ukrainian parliament, Kyiv Post (14 December 2012)
- ^ a b У новій Верховній Раді найбільше жінок за всю історію - КВУ [The new parliament greatest women in history]. Ukrainska Pravda (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 6 July 2023.
- ^ "Who Is Who in the Ukrainian Parliament?". Carnegie Europe. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
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- ^ "As it happened: Ukraine war latest: Resilience making Russia assess reality, negotiator says". BBC News.
- ^ "Про вибори народних депутатів України". Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України.
- ^ National Radio Company of Ukraine(18 June 2008)
- ^ Future generations in debt, Kyiv Post (24 September 2009)
- ^ "Про затвердження Положення про помічника-консультанта народного депутата України". Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України.
- ^ a b Official Immunity Turns Into Campaign Issue In Ukraine, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (16 August 2007)
- ^ a b Case of fugitive ex-deputy, a murder suspect, heats up immunity debate, Kyiv Post (9 July 2009)
- ^ Government suggests canceling certain privileges for Memebres of the Parliament, Kyiv Post (27 May 2009)
- ^ Lawmakers cancel some benefits, Kyiv Post (26 December 2011)
- ^ Ukrainian lawmakers fall short of half a million dollars in salaries in Jan–Sept for being absent, Ukrainian Independent Information Agency (9 November 2018)
- UNIAN.
- ^ #50 Richest: Tariel Vasadze, 63, Kyiv Post (17 December 2010)
- ^ #40 Richest: Serhiy and Oleksandr Buryak, 44 and 40, Kyiv Post (17 December 2010)
- ^ #43 Richest: Oleksandr Feldman, 50, Kyiv Post (17 December 2010)
- ^ #26 Richest: Yevhen Sihal, 55, Kyiv Post (17 December 2010)
- ^ Kostyantin Valentynovych Zhevago, Bloomberg L.P. (2009)
- ^ #11 Richest: Andriy Verevsky, 36, Kyiv Post (17December 2010)
- ^ #5 Richest: Kostyantyn Zhevago, 36, Kyiv Post (17 December 2010)
- ^ #19 Richest: Mykola Yankovsky, 66, Kyiv Post (17 December 2010)
- ^ #24 Richest: Heorhiy Skudar, 68, Kyiv Post (17 December 2010)
- ^ #29 Richest: Oleksandr Slobodyan, 54, Kyiv Post (17 December 2010)
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- ^ a b Rada approves composition of all committees, Kyiv Post (25 December 2012)
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Batkivschyna again blocks parliament's work, Interfax-Ukraine (5 March 2013) - ^ Ukraine parliament moves building amid opposition blockade Archived 3 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine, GlobalPost (4 April 2013)
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Video of the December 2012 brawl in Parliament, Le Monde
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External links
- "Official website". Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (in Ukrainian, Russian, and English).
- "Scheme of seats in the session hall". Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (in Ukrainian).
- "Holos Ukrayiny Newspaper". Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (in Ukrainian and Russian).
- "Viche Magazine". Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (in Ukrainian and English).
- "Regulations of the Verkhovna Rada". Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (in Ukrainian).
- "List of all PACE members from Ukraine". pace.coe.int.
- "Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine - Ukrainian Parliament". Official twitter account.