Ulmus crassifolia

Ulmus crassifolia
Ulmus crassifolia McKinney Falls State Park, Austin, Texas.
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Rosales
Family:	Ulmaceae
Genus:	Ulmus
Subgenus:	U. subg. Oreoptelea
Section:	U. sect. Chaetoptelea
Species:	U. crassifolia
Binomial name
Ulmus crassifolia Nutt.
Natural range (Florida population excluded)
Synonyms
Ulmus monterreyensis Mull. Ulmus opaca Nutt.

Ulmus crassifolia Nutt., the Texas cedar elm or simply cedar elm, is a deciduous tree native to south-central North America, mainly in southern and eastern Texas, southern Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Louisiana, with small populations in western Mississippi, southwest Tennessee, and north-central Florida;^[2] it also occurs in northeastern Mexico.^[3][4] It is the most common elm tree in Texas. The tree typically grows well in flat valley bottom areas referred to as cedar elm flats. Its Latin name refers to its comparatively thick (crassifoliate) leaves;^[5] the common name cedar elm is derived from the trees' association with juniper trees, locally known as cedars.^[6]

The cedar elm is a medium to large

• 
  U. crassifolia bark
• 
  U. crassifolia foliage, Botanischer Garten, Berlin-Dahlem
• 
  U. crassifolia branchlet, Spring Creek, Garland, Texas
• 
  U. crassifolia leaves and fruit, November
• 
  Migrating

  monarch butterflies

  on a cedar elm in central Texas

Cedar elm is susceptible to

Cedar elms are very susceptible to mistletoe. Mistletoe is a parasite that roots itself into the vascular system of the tree, thus stealing valuable nutrients and water. In some cases, if not removed, the parasite can be devastating to large sections of trees and even fatal. They create club-like branches that die out at the ends. These "club" branches create openings for future pests such as the elm beetles and carpenter ants. No treatments are known to be safe enough to kill mistletoe without killing the tree. Removing the mistletoe manually is not a guarantee, but it is the best-known method for control.^{[citation needed]}

Cedar elms are known to be highly immune to

U. crassifolia is extremely rare in cultivation in Europe

The US national champion, measuring 37 m high in 2001, grows in the Meeman-Shelby Forest State Park, Tennessee.^[15][1]

• 'Brazos Rim'
  .

• Ulmus × arkansana [: U. crassifolia × U. serotina ]. Present in Arkansas and Oklahoma.^{[16][17][18][19][20][21][22]}

• Arnold Arboretum, US. Acc. nos. 511–2002, 758–86, both wild collected
• Chicago Botanic Garden, US. No details available.
• Bartlett Tree Experts, US. Acc. no. 90–1243, unrecorded provenance.
• Morton Arboretum, US. Acc. no. 385–68,^[5] 14-86
• New York Botanical Garden, US. Acc. no. 79617, unrecorded provenance.
• U S National Arboretum,^[23] Washington, D.C., US. Acc. no. 37834

• Grange Farm Arboretum, Lincolnshire, UK. Acc. no. 509
• Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, UK. Acc. no. 20080090, from seed wild collected in US.
• Sir Harold Hillier Gardens, UK. Acc. no. 1980–0443, (Brentry Field).
• University of Copenhagen Botanic Garden, Denmark. No details available.

• Manukau Cemetery & Crematorium, Auckland, New Zealand. No details available.

Widely available

• Arboretum Waasland,^[24] Nieuwkerken-Waas, Belgium.

None known.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ulmus crassifolia.

• Ulmus crassifolia, Image Archive of Central Texas Plants, University of Texas at Austin, sbs.utexas.edu
• U. crassifolia, Flora of North America, www.efloras.org