Amorphea

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
(Redirected from
Unikont
)
Not to be confused with Amorphae or Amorpheae.

Amorphea
Temporal range: Early Ectasian - Present, 1400–0 Ma
IchthyosporeaAmebozoaNucleariidaFungusChoanoflegellateAnimal
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Clade: Amorphea
Adl et al., 2012[1]
Subgroups
Synonyms

Amorphea[1] is a taxonomic supergroup that includes the basal Amoebozoa and Obazoa. That latter contains the Opisthokonta, which includes the Fungi, Animals and the Choanomonada, or Choanoflagellates. The taxonomic affinities of the members of this clade were originally described and proposed by Thomas Cavalier-Smith in 2002.[2][4]

The International Society of Protistologists, the recognised body for taxonomy of protozoa, recommended in 2012 that the term Unikont be changed to Amorphea because the name "Unikont" is based on a hypothesized

synapomorphy that the ISOP authors and other scientists later rejected.[1][5]

It includes amoebozoa, opisthokonts,[6][7] and Apusomonada.[8]

Taxonomic revisions within this group

Planomonadida and Rigifilida.[9]

Further work by Cavalier-Smith showed that Sulcozoa is

Glissodiscea - for the planomonads and Mantamonas
. Again, the validity of this revised taxonomy awaits confirmation.

Amoebozoa seems to be monophyletic with two major branches:

Variosea) and secondarily anaerobic Archamoebae. Lobosa consists entirely of non-flagellated lobose amoebae and has been divided into two classes: Discosea, which have flattened cells, and Tubulinea, which has predominantly tube-shaped pseudopodia.[11]

Clade

The group includes

bikonts. Bikonts include Archaeplastida (plants and relatives) and SAR supergroup, the Cryptista, Haptista, Telonemia and picozoa
.


Eukaryotes

Ancyromonadida

Malawimonada

CRuMs

Amorphea

Amoebozoa

Obazoa

Breviatea

Apusomonadida

Opisthokonta

Holomycota (inc. fungi)

Holozoa (inc. animals)

1300 mya
1500 mya
Diphoda

?

Metamonada

Discoba

Diaphoretickes

Cryptista

Archaeplastida

Rhodophyta (red algae)

Picozoa

Glaucophyta

1100 mya

Viridiplantae (plants)

1000 mya
1600 mya

Hemimastigophora

Provora

Haptista

TSAR

Telonemia

SAR

Rhizaria

550 mya
Halvaria

Alveolata

Stramenopiles

Bikonts
2200 mya

One view of the great kingdoms and their stem groups.

Malawimonada.[15]

Characteristics

The unikonts have a triple-gene fusion that is lacking in the bikonts. The three genes that are

carbamoyl phosphate synthase, dihydroorotase, aspartate carbamoyltransferase
. This must have involved a double fusion, a rare pair of events, supporting the shared ancestry of Opisthokonta and Amoebozoa.

Cavalier-Smith

centrioles
in typical animal cells. In spite of the name of the group, the common ancestor of all 'unikonts' was probably a cell with two basal bodies.

References

  1. ^
    PMID 23020233
    .
  2. ^
    PMID 11931142
    .
  3. PMID 25646484
    .
  4. doi:10.1078/0932-4739-00002
    .
  5. S2CID 13172971
    .
  6. PMID 19004754
    .
  7. PMID 16829542
    .
  8. PMID 31606140
    .
  9. PMID 23085100
    .
  10. PMID 25152275
    .
  11. PMID 25150787
    .
  12. PMID 29360967
    .
  13. S2CID 233328713
    .
  14. S2CID 254436650
    .
  15. ^
    S2CID 204545629
    .

External links

Wikispecies has information related to Unikonta.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Unikonta.
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