Unionidae
Unionidae | |
---|---|
Six endangered species of Unionidae | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Mollusca |
Class: | Bivalvia |
Order: | Unionida |
Superfamily: | Unionoidea
|
Family: | Unionidae Fleming, 1828 |
Genera | |
See text |
The Unionidae are a
The range of distribution for this family is world-wide. It is at its most diverse in North America, with about 297 recognised taxa,[3][4][5] but China and Southeast Asia also support very diverse faunas.
Freshwater mussels occupy a wide range of habitats, but most often occupy
Origin and early diversification
The recent phylogenetic study reveals that the Unionidae most likely originated in Southeast and East Asia in the Jurassic, with the earliest expansions into North America and Africa (since the mid-Cretaceous) followed by the colonization of Europe and India (since the Paleocene).[6]
Life history
Unionidae burrow into the substrate, with their posterior margins exposed. They pump water through the incurrent aperture, obtaining oxygen and food. They remove phytoplankton and zooplankton, as well as suspended bacteria, fungal spores, and dissolved organic matter.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Despite extensive laboratory studies, which of these filtrates unionoids actually process remains uncertain. In high densities, they have the ability to influence water clarity [17][18] but filtration rates are dependent on water temperature, current velocity, and particle size and concentration. In addition, gill morphology can determine particle size filtered, as well as the rate.[11]
Reproduction
Unionidae are distinguished by a unique and complex lifecycle. Most unionids are of separate sex, although some species, such as
The sperm is ejected from the
Some of the species in the Unionidae, commonly known as
Sex is determined by a region located on the mitochondrial DNA, the male open reading frame (M-ORF) and female open-reading frame (F-ORF). Hermaphroditic mussels lack these regions and contain a female-like open-reading frame dubbed hermaphroditic open-reading frame (H-ORF). In many mussels, the hermaphroditic state is ancestral and the male sex evolved later. This region of the mitochondria also may be responsible for the evolution of doubly uniparental inheritance seen in freshwater mussels.[21]
Taxonomy
Genera by taxonomic order
The following classification is based on MolluscaBase and the MUSSEL Project database:[22][23]
- Subfamily Ambleminae
- Tribe Lampsilini
- Genus Epioblasma
- Genus Lampsilis
- Genus Potamilus
- Genus Actinonaias
- Genus Cambarunio
- Genus Obovaria
- Genus Toxolasma
- Genus Medionidus
- Genus Ptychobranchus
- Genus Disconaias
- Genus Leaunio
- Genus Venustaconcha
- Genus Cyrtonaias
- Genus Hamiota
- Genus Sagittunio
- Genus Truncilla
- Genus Villosa
- Genus Arotonaias
- Genus Cyprogenia
- Genus Delphinonaias
- Genus Ortmanniana
- Genus Pachynaias
- Genus Atlanticoncha
- Genus Dromus
- Genus Ellipsaria
- Genus Friersonia
- Genus Glebula
- Genus Lemiox
- Genus Ligumia
- Genus Obliquaria
- Genus Paetulunio
- Tribe Pleurobemini
- Genus Elliptio
- Genus Pleurobema
- Genus Fusconaia
- Genus Plethobasus
- Genus Pleuronaia
- Genus Parvaspina
- Genus Elliptoideus
- Genus Eurynia
- Genus Hemistena
- Tribe Popenaiadini
- Genus Nephronaias
- Genus Psoronaias
- Genus Barynaias
- Genus Popenaias
- Genus Sphenonaias
- Genus Micronaias
- Genus Nephritica
- Genus Reticulatus
- Genus Martensnaias
- Tribe Quadrulini
- Genus Cyclonaias
- Genus Theliderma
- Genus Uniomerus
- Genus Quadrula
- Genus Megalonaias
- Genus Tritogonia
- Genus
- Tribe Amblemini
- Genus Amblema
- Genus Reginaia
- Genus Plectomerus
- Tribe
- Subfamily Unioninae
- Tribe Anodontini
- Subtribe Alasmidontina
- Genus Alasmidonta
- Genus Lasmigona
- Genus Pyganodon
- Genus Utterbackiana
- Genus Strophitus
- Genus Utterbackia
- Genus Anodontoides
- Genus Arcidens
- Genus Pseudodontoideus
- Genus Pegias
- Genus Simpsonaias
- Subtribe Cristariina
- Genus Sinanodonta
- Genus Buldowskia
- Genus Cristaria
- Genus Anemina
- Genus Beringiana
- Genus Pletholophus
- Genus Simpsonella
- Genus Amuranodonta
- Subtribe Anodontina
- Genus Anodonta
- Genus Pseudanodonta
- Subtribe Alasmidontina
- Tribe Unionini
- Genus Unio
- Genus Nodularia
- Genus Aculamprotula
- Genus Acuticosta
- Genus Cuneopsis
- Genus Inversiunio
- Genus Pseudobaphia
- Genus Rhombuniopsis
- Genus Lepidodesma
- Genus Pseudocuneopsis
- Genus Schistodesmus
- Genus Arcuneopsis
- Genus Diaurora
- Genus Middendorffinaia
- Genus Protunio
- Tribe Lanceolariini
- Genus Lanceolaria
- Tribe
- Subfamily Gonideinae
- Tribe Pseudodontini
- Subtribe Pilsbryoconchina
- Genus Sundadontina
- Genus Monodontina
- Genus Pilsbryoconcha
- Genus Bineurus
- Genus Thaiconcha
- Genus Namkongnaia
- Genus Nyeinchanconcha
- Subtribe Pseudodontina
- Genus Pseudodon
- Subtribe Pilsbryoconchina
- Tribe Contradentini
- Genus Lens
- Genus Yaukthwa
- Genus Physunio
- Genus Trapezoideus
- Genus Pressidens
- Genus Solenaia
- Tribe Lamprotulini
- Genus Lamprotula
- Genus Potomida
- Genus Schepmania
- Genus Discomya
- Genus Pronodularia
- Tribe Rectidentini
- Genus Hyriopsis
- Genus Ensidens
- Genus Ctenodesma
- Genus Elongaria
- Genus Khairuloconcha
- Genus Prohyriopsis
- Genus Rectidens
- Tribe Gonideni
- Genus Ptychorhynchus
- Genus Sinosolenaia
- Genus Inversidens
- Genus Leguminaia
- Genus Parvasolenaia
- Genus Gonidea
- Genus Koreosolenaia
- Genus Microcondylaea
- Genus Obovalis
- Genus Pseudodontopsis
- Tribe Chamberlainini
- Genus Sinohyriopsis
- Genus Chamberlainia
- Genus Caudiculatus
- Tribe Pseudodontini
- Subfamily Parreysiinae
- Tribe Coelaturini
- Genus Coelatura
- Genus Nitia
- Genus Nyassunio
- Genus Prisodontopsis
- Genus Brazzaea
- Genus Grandidieria
- Genus Moncetia
- Genus Pseudospatha
- Tribe Indochinellini
- Genus Indonaia
- Genus Scabies
- Genus Radiatula
- Genus Harmandia
- Genus Indochinella
- Genus Scabiellus
- Genus Unionetta
- Tribe Lamellidentini
- Genus Lamellidens
- Genus Trapezidens
- Genus Arcidopsis
- Tribe Leoparreysiini
- Genus Leoparreysia
- Tribe Parreysiini
- Tribe Coelaturini
- Genus Haasodonta (subfamily incertae sedis)
- Genus Germainaia (subfamily incertae sedis)
- Subfamily Modellnaiinae
- Genus Modellnaia
Genera by alphabetic order and region
Fossilization and taphonomic implications
In large enough quantities, unionid shells can have enough of an impact on environmental conditions to affect the ability of organic remains in the local environment to fossilize.
References
- ^ Unionidae. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 4 January 2012.
- ISBN 978-3-939767-28-2.
- ISSN 1548-8446.)
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link - ^ Burch, John B. 1975. Freshwater unionacean clams (Mollusca: Pelecypoda) of North America. Biota of Freshwater Ecosystems, Identification Manual No. 11. U.S. Gov. Printing Office. 114p.
- ^ Heard, William H. 1979. Identification Manual of the Freshwater Clams of Florida. Fla. Dept. Environmental Regulation, Technical Series 4(2): 1-83.
- ^ Bolotov, I.N., Kondakov, A.V., Vikhrev, I.V., Aksenova, O.V., Bespalaya, Y.V. Gofarov, M.Y., Kolosova, Y.S., Konopleva, E.S., Spitsyn, V.M., Tanmuangpak, K. & Tumpeesuwan, S. (2017). Ancient River Inference Explains Exceptional Oriental Freshwater Mussel Radiations.Scientific Reports 7: 2135, doi:10.1038/s41598-017-02312-z
- ^ Allan, W. R. (1914). "The food and feeding habits of freshwater mussels." Biological Bulletin 27: 127-147.
- ^ Coker, R. E., Shira, A.F., Clark, H.W., Howard, A.D. (1921). "Natural history and propagation of fresh-water mussels." Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries 37: 77-181.
- ^ Churchill, E. P., Lewis, S.I. (1924). "Food and feeding in fresh-water mussels." Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries 39: 439-471.
- ^ McMahon, R. F., Bogan, A.E. (2001). Mollusca: Bivalvia. Ecology and classification of North American freshwater invertebrates. J. H. Thorp, Covich, A.P. San Diego, Academic Press: 331-429.
- ^ a b Silverman, H., Nichols S.J, Cherry J.S., Archberger E., Lynn J.S., Dietz T.H. (1997). "Clearance of laboratory-cultured bacteria by freshwater bivalves: differences between lentic and lotic unionids." Canadian Journal of Zoology 75: 1857-1866.
- ^ Bärlocher, F., Brendelberger, H. (2004). "Clearance of aquatic hyphomycete spores by a benthic suspension feeder." Limnology and Oceanography 49: 2292-2296.
- ^ Roditi, H. A., Fisher, N.S., Sanudo-Wilhelmy, S.A. (2002). "Uptake of dissolved organic carbon and trace elements by zebra mussels." Nature 407: 78-80.
- ^ Baines, S. B., Fisher, N.S., Cole, J.J. (2005). "Uptake of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and its importance to metabolic requirements of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha." Limnology and Oceanography 50: 36-47.
- ^ Yeager, M. M., Cherry, D.S., Neves, R.J. (1994). "Feeding and burrowing behaviors of juvenile rainbow mussels, Villosa iris (Bivalvia, Unionidae)." Journal of the North American Benthological Society 133: 217-222.
- ^ Nichols, S. J., Silverman, H. Dietx, T.H., Lynn, J.W., Garling, D.L. (2005). "Pathways of food uptake in native (Unionidae) and introduced (Corbiculidae and Dreissenidae) freshwater bivalves." Journal of Great Lakes Research 31: 87-96.
- ^ Cohen, R. R. H., Dresler, P.V., Phillips, E.P.J., Cory, R.L. (1984). "The effects of the Asiatic clam, Corbicula fluminea, on phytoplankton of the Potomac River, Maryland." Limnology and Oceanography 29: 170-180.
- ^ Phelps, H. L. (1994). "The Asiatic clam (Corbicula fluminea): invasion and system-level ecological change in the Potomac River estuary near Washington, D.C." Estuaries 17: 614-621.
- ^ Downing, J. A., Amyot, J.P., Pérusse, M., Rochon, Y. (1989). "Visceral sex, hermaphroditism, and protandry in a population of the freshwater bivalve Elliptio complanata." Journal of the North American Benthological Society 8(1): 92-99.
- Greenwood Press.
- ^ Breton, S., Stewart, Donald T., Shepardson, Sally, Trdan, Richard J., Bogan, Arthur E., Chapman, Eric G., Ruminas, Adrew J., Piontkivska, Helen, Hoeh, Walter R. (2011). "Novel Protein Genes in Animal mtDNA: A New Sex Determination System in Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoida)?" Molecular Biology and Evolution 28(5): 1645-1659.
- ^ "MUSSELpdb | family Unionidae". mussel-project.uwsp.edu. Retrieved 2022-10-28.
- ^ "Molluscabase - Unionidae Rafinesque, 1820". www.molluscabase.org. Retrieved 2022-10-28.
- ^ a b c d e Tanke, D.H. and Brett-Surman, M.K. 2001. Evidence of Hatchling and Nestling-Size Hadrosaurs (Reptilia:Ornithischia) from Dinosaur Provincial Park (Dinosaur Park Formation: Campanian), Alberta, Canada. pp. 206-218. In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life—New Research Inspired by the Paleontology of Philip J. Currie. Edited by D.H. Tanke and K. Carpenter. Indiana University Press: Bloomington. xviii + 577 pp.