University of the Philippines
| |
U.P. Naming Mahal" ("U.P. Beloved") | |
Colors | Maroon and green[6] |
---|---|
Nickname | Fighting Maroons |
Sporting affiliations | UAAP |
Mascot | Oble |
Website | up |
UP Naming Mahal | |
Choral version arranged by Nhick Pacis and performed by the UP Concert Chorus |
The University of the Philippines (UP; Filipino: Unibersidad ng Pilipinas)[7][8] is a state university system in the Philippines. It is the country's national university, as mandated by Republic Act No. 9500 (UP Charter of 2008), giving it institutional autonomy.[9][10]
Originally founded by the
The University of the Philippines system has 8 constituent universities (CUs) and 1 autonomous college: UP Diliman, which serves as the system's flagship university, UP Los Baños, UP Manila, UP Visayas, UP Open University, UP Mindanao, UP Baguio, UP Cebu, UP Tacloban which are scattered across 17 campuses.[12]
Widely regarded and often cited as the Philippines' top university system, its alumni include a Nobel Peace Prize laureate, 7 of 17 Philippine presidents, 14 of 26 chief justices, 36 of 42 national scientists, and 40 of 57 national artists, the most of any university.[13] UP's alumni also include more senators as well as members of the Philippine House of Representatives than any other university.[14][15][16] Among its alumni are also 15,000 doctors, 15,000 engineers, 8,000 lawyers, 23,000 teachers, and thousands of graduates in other academic fields, which comprise some of its approximate 260,000 living alumni worldwide.[2][17] UP has the most National Centers of Excellence and Development among higher education institutions in the country,[18] and is one of the only three schools in Asia that have received institutional recognition in the Ramon Magsaysay Awards.[19] Senate Resolution No. 276 of the Senate of the Philippines recognizes the institution as "the nation's premier university";[20] UP ranks as the country's No. 1 university, among the top 100 Asian universities, and among the top 400 universities worldwide in annual university rankings by Books Center.[21]
History
This section needs additional citations for verification. (June 2013) |
1900s–1940s
On June 18, 1908, the University of the Philippines was established through an act of the First Philippine Legislature. Act No. 1870, otherwise known as the "University Act", specified the function of the university, which is to provide advanced instruction in literature, philosophy, the sciences and arts, and to administer professional and technical training.[22]
The university began with the establishment of the Philippine Medical School (later incorporated into the university as the
] Construction of the Quezon City campus began in 1939.During
During U.P.'s 40th anniversary in February 1949, central administrative offices of U.P. were moved from
were all housed in the Diliman campus. General commencement exercises were also held in Diliman for the first time in 1949.1950s–1960s
In the 1950s, new academic units and degree programs were established. Another major reform, the General Education (G.E.) Program, was introduced in 1959. The G.E. Program became a series of core courses prescribed for all students at the undergraduate level. Most of these courses were being taught at the then College of Liberal Arts. As a result, U.P. President Vicente Sinco saw fit to reorganize the college into a University College, which would offer the core subjects to be taken during the first two years of the undergraduate program. Meanwhile, the College of Arts and Sciences and Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, offered major courses in the humanities, natural sciences, and social sciences. During President Sinco's term, more institutes and colleges were established. These institutes and colleges include the Institute of Public Administration (1952), the Statistical Center (1953), the Labor Education Center (now the School of Labor and Industrial Relations, established in 1954), the Asian Studies Institute (now the Asian Center, established in 1955), the Institute of Library Science (now the School of Library and Information Studies, established in 1961), and the College of Home Economics (1961).
The administration of U.P. President Carlos P. Romulo was marked by the founding of the Population Institute, the Law Center and the Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry Training Center in 1964; the Institute of Mass Communication, the College of Business Administration, and the Institute of Planning in 1965; the Computer Center, the Institute for Small-Scale Industries in 1966, the Institute of Social Work and Community Development in 1967, and the Asian Center in 1968.
Marcos era period
During the Martial Law period, U.P.'s administrators tried to sustain the university's educational priorities and institutional autonomy. At the height of activism in the university, U.P. President
U.P. President
As the flagship campus,
1980s to 1990s
U.P. President
U.P. President
Centennial celebration
On January 8, 2008, the University of the Philippines began its centennial celebration. The opening ceremony featured a 100-torch relay
The
Inspired by the
U.P.A.A. 2008 centennial yearbook
The University of the Philippines Alumni Association announced its launching of a three-volume U.P.A.A. 2008 Centennial Yearbook on June 21, 2008, at the U.P.A.A. Grand Alumni-Faculty Homecoming and Reunion at the
U.P. Charter of 2008
The U.P. Charter of 2008, Republic Act No. 9500, was signed by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo into law on April 29, 2008, at the U.P. Library Conference Hall in Lahug, Cebu. It aims "to provide both institutional and fiscal autonomy to U.P., specifically, to protect student's democratic access and strengthen administration through the recognition of U.P. System's Board of Regents and U.P. Council."[31] The new charter declared U.P. as the Philippines' national university, giving it "the enhanced capability to fulfill its mission and spread the benefits of knowledge."[32] The new charter will help improve its competitiveness. The newly designated “national university" however, needs ₱ 3.6 billion to be on a par with other universities in the region.[33]
UP-Ayala Land TechnoHub
The centennial ₱ 6 billion, 20 hectares (49 acres) UP-Ayala Land TechnoHub, a complex of low-rise buildings along Commonwealth Avenue, within the 37.5 hectares (93 acres) of the U.P. North Science and Technology Park, was constructed on February 16, 2006, and inaugurated on November 22, 2008. It was developed by the Ayala Land Property company into an information technology and IT-enabled services community to host business process outsourcing (BPO) and technology firms.[34][35]
Autonomous units
At present, the University of the Philippines is composed of eight constituent universities (CU) located in 15 campuses around the country.[36]
U.P. Diliman is the flagship campus of the university and offers the most courses. On July 19, 2011, the Bases Conversion and Development Authority donated to U.P. a 4,300-square meter (1 acre) lot at the Bonifacio Global City (BGC) in Taguig for the U.P. Professional Schools, which will initially include extension classes for UP Diliman's College of Law, College of Business Administration, College of Engineering, School of Statistics, as well as the UP Open University.[37]
Each constituent university of U.P. is headed by a chancellor, who is elected on a three-year term by the Board of Regents. Unlike the president, who is elected on a single six-year term without re-election, the chancellor maybe re-elected for another three-year term but it is upon the discretion of the members of the Board of Regents.
University | Chancellor | Campus land area
(Hectares) |
Founded[38] | Focus Areas[39] (Non-exhaustive) |
National Centers of Excellence and Development[18] | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
University of the Philippines Baguio | Dr. Corazon L. Abansi[40] | 6 | 1961 | Environmental Studies, Cordillera and Northern Luzon Studies, Ethnicity and Cultural studies, Anthropology, Social and Development Studies, Social Policy, Management, Economics, Mathematics, Language and Literature, Journalism, Fine Arts | Biology, Mathematics, Physics, Literature, History, Cultural Studies | U.P. System's flag-bearer in Northern Luzon |
University of the Philippines Cebu | Atty. Leo B. Malagar | 12+ | 1918 | Information and Communication Technology, Industrial Design | Information Technology | Elevated as an autonomous unit from UP Visayas on September 24, 2010, and on October 27, 2016, as a constituent university.[41] |
University of the Philippines Diliman[39] | Atty. Edgardo Carlo Vistan II | 493 (Quezon City campus only) |
1949 | Architecture, Business, Engineering, Education, Fine Arts, Film and Mass Communication, Home Economics, Information Science and Technology, Language and Literature, Law, Library Studies, Natural Sciences (Biology, Chemistry, Geology, Mathematics, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Pure and Applied Physics), Music and Performing Arts, Public Administration and Governance, Social Sciences and Philosophy, Sports Science, Statistics, Tourism, etc. (offers most academic programs) | Anthropology, Architecture, Biology, Business, Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Computer Science, Economics, Education, Electronics and Communications Engineering, English, Geodetic Engineering, Geology, History, Information Technology, Literature, Marine Science, Mass Communication, Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Metallurgical Engineering, Mining Engineering, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Music, Physics, Political Science, Psychology, Sociology, Social Work, Statistics | U.P. System's flagship campus; represents U.P. in the University Athletics Association of the Philippines
|
University of the Philippines Los Baños | Dr. Jose V. Camacho, Jr. | 15,000 | 1909 | Agriculture and related fields, Economics, Biology, Applied Physics, Chemistry, Computer Science, Development Communication, Veterinary Medicine, Rural Sociology, Mathematics, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences, Engineering, Forestry, Statistics, Nutrition | Agriculture, Biology, Development Communication, Mathematics, Forestry, Agricultural Engineering, Chemistry, Computer Science, Physics, Veterinary Medicine, Statistics, Electrical Engineering, Chemical Engineering | Houses the International Rice Research Institute; headquarters of the U.P. National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology and other research institutions; designated as caretaker of Mount Makiling |
University of the Philippines Manila | Dr. Carmencita D. Padilla | 14 | 1908 | Medicine, Pharmacy, Dentistry, Nursing, Public Health, Allied Medical Professions, Biomedical Sciences (Biochemistry, Biology) | Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, Physical Therapy | The Philippines' Health Sciences Center (operates the Philippine General Hospital and houses the National Institutes of Health) |
University of the Philippines Mindanao | Dr. Larry N. Digal | 204 | 1995 | Mindanao Studies, Computer Science, Natural Sciences, Management, Communication Arts, Arts and Literature | Biology, Computer Science, Communication Arts, Arts and Literature | U.P. System's regional unit in Mindanao; houses the CHED Zonal Research Center, DOST-SEI Regional Biotechnology Laboratory, and the Philippine Genome Center Mindanao |
University of the Philippines Visayas | Dr. Clement Camposano | 1,500 Main Campus |
1947 | Aquaculture, Fisheries, Marine Science | Biology, Fisheries, Marine Science | |
University of the Philippines Open University | Dr. Melinda dP. Bandalaria | N/A (Headquartered in Los Baños, Laguna) |
1995 | Education, Information & Communication Studies, Management & Development Studies (offered in the distance education mode) | Open & Distance Learning | Mandated to provide quality education through distance learning |
Autonomous College
On April 27, 2023, during its 1380th meeting, the University of the Philippines' Board of Regents approved the proposal for autonomy for UP Tacloban. This decision marked a significant shift in the college's status, transforming it from a satellite campus of UP Visayas into an autonomous unit under the Office of the UP President.
UP Tacloban was granted autonomy to boost its capacity to effectively fulfill its mandate in the Eastern Visayas Region. This shift to autonomy not only reinforces the college's role within the region but also serves as a foundation for its potential elevation to a full-fledged constituent university within the UP system, a transition expected to transpire within three to five years.[42]
College | Dean | Campus land area
(Hectares) |
Founded | Focus Areas (Non-exhaustive) | National Centers of Excellence and Development | Declared as Autonomous Unit |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
University of the Philippines Tacloban | Dr. Patricia Arinto | 1973 | Humanities, Management, Social Sciences, Natural Sciences & Mathematics | April 27, 2023 |
Satellite campuses
The satellite campuses do not have autonomous status. They are considered extension colleges of their parent unit. Some campuses host different programs of various colleges within the parent unit.
UP Diliman
- UPD Bonifacio Global City Professional Schools (Taguig City, Metro Manila)
- UPD Extension Program in Olongapo (Olongapo City, Zambales)
- UPD Extension Program in Pampanga (Clark Freeport Zone, Mabalacat, Pampanga)
UP Los Baños
- UPLB Professional School for Agriculture and the Environment (Panabo City, Davao del Norte)
UP Manila
- UPM School of Health Sciences in Baler (Baler, Aurora)
- UPM School of Health Sciences in Koronadal (Koronadal City, South Cotabato)
- UPM School of Health Sciences in Palo (Palo, Leyte)
- UPM School of Health Sciences in Tarlac (Tarlac City, Tarlac)
UP Visayas
- UPV Iloilo City Campus (Iloilo City)
UP Open University
- Seven (7) learning centers across the country
Basic education
- University of the Philippines High School Cebu in UP Cebu
- University of the Philippines High School Iloilo in UP Visayas
- University of the Philippines Integrated Schoolin UP Diliman
- University of the Philippines Rural High School in UP Los Baños
Organization
Presidents of the University of the Philippines |
Murray S. Bartlett, 1911-1915 |
Ignacio B. Villamor, 1915-1921 |
Guy Potter Wharton Benton, 1921-1925 |
Rafael V. Palma, 1925-1933 |
Jorge Bocobo, 1934-1939 |
Bienvenido Ma. González, 1939–1943, 1945-1951 |
Antonio Sison, 1943-1945 |
Vidal A. Tan, 1951-1956 |
Enrique Virata, 1956-1958 |
Vicente G. Sinco, 1958-1962 |
Carlos P. Romulo, 1962-1968 |
Salvador P. Lopez, 1969-1975 |
Onofre D. Corpuz, 1975-1979 |
Emanuel V. Soriano, 1979-1981 |
Edgardo J. Angara , 1981-1987
|
José Abueva, 1987-1993 |
Emil Q. Javier, 1993-1999 |
Francisco Nemenzo, Jr. , 1999-2005
|
Emerlinda R. Roman, 2005–2011 |
Alfredo E. Pascual, 2011–2017 |
Danilo Concepcion, 2017–2023 |
Angelo Jimenez, 2023–present |
Presidents of the University of the Philippines
The President of the University of the Philippines is elected for a single six-year term by the university's eleven-member Board of Regents.[9] As of 2023, two Americans and 20 Filipinos served as President of the University of the Philippines.
The current president of U.P. is lawyer and former regent Angelo Jimenez. He assumed office on February 10, 2023.
Board of Regents
The governance of the university is vested in the Board of Regents of the University of the Philippines System (or Lupon ng mga Rehente in Filipino) and commonly abbreviated as BOR.[9] The board, with its 11 members, is the highest decision-making body of the U.P. system.
The Chairperson of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) serves as the Board's Chairperson while the President of the University of the Philippines is the co-chairperson. The Chairpersons of the Committee on Higher, Technical and Vocational Education of the Senate and the Committee on Higher and Technical Education House of Representatives are members of the Board of Regents which are concurrent with their functions as committee chairpersons.[9]
U.P. students, represented by the General Assembly of Student Councils, nominate a Student Regent. While the Faculty Regent is likewise nominated by the faculty members of the whole University. Alumni are represented by the President of the U.P. Alumni Association. A Staff Regent, representing professional and administrative personnel, was included with the passage of the new U.P. Charter in 2008. The remaining members of the Board of Regents are nominated into the position by the President of the Philippines.
As of 2023, the members of the Board of Regents of the University of the Philippines System are:[43]
Board member | ||
---|---|---|
Chairperson | Hon. J. Prospero E. de Vera III | Chairperson of the Commission on Higher Education |
Co-chairperson | Hon. Angelo Jimenez | President of the University of the Philippines |
Member | Hon. Francis Joseph G. Escudero | Chairperson, Senate Higher, Technical and Vocational Education Committee |
Member | Hon. Mark Go | Chairperson, House Committee on Higher and Technical Education |
Member | Hon. Robert Lester F. Aranton | Alumni Regent & President, U.P. Alumni Association |
Member | Hon. Carl Marc L. Ramota | Faculty Regent |
Member | Hon. Victoria Canape Belegal | Staff Regent |
Member | Hon. Sofia Jan DG. Trinidad | Student Regent |
Member | Hon. Gladys SJ. Tiongco | Appointed Regent by President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. |
Member | Hon. Gregorio Pastorfide | Appointed Regent by President Rodrigo R. Duterte |
Member | Hon. Raul C. Pagdanganan | Appointed Regent by President Rodrigo R. Duterte |
The Secretary of the university and the Board of Regents is Atty. Roberto M.J. Lara.
Academics
The University of the Philippines System offers 246 undergraduate degree programs and 362 graduate degree programs, more than any other university in the country.[44]
The flagship campus in Diliman offers the largest number of degree programs, and other campuses are known to lead and specialize in specific programs.
Budget
The university has the highest financial endowment of all educational institutions in the Philippines. In 2008, the entire U.P. System received a financial subsidy from the national government of ₱ 5.7 billion. The total expenditure for the same year, however, is ₱ 7.2 billion, or approximately ₱ 135,000 per student.[51] State universities and colleges have continually experienced budget cuts over the years. In 2019, the university requested ₱44.9 billion budget but only received ₱15.5 billion for its budget, with additional ₱1.5 billion for operational and equipment expenses. The Philippine General Hospital, the most affected unit of the UP System, received an insufficient budget of P2.92 billion, with only P155 million out of the requested P1.6 billion allocated for infrastructure and capital outlays.[52][53]
Rankings and reputation
University rankings | |
---|---|
Global – Overall | |
QS World[54] | 404 (2024) |
QS Employability[54] | 301-500 (2023) |
THE World[55] | 801–1000 (2023) |
Regional – Overall | |
QS Asia[54] | 77 (2023) |
THE Asia[55] | 129 (2023) |
THE Emerging Economies[56] | 131 (2022) |
National – Overall | |
QS National[54] | 1 (2023) |
THE National[55] | 2 (2023) |
The UP, as a university system, has been consistently ranked the top university in the Philippines since its inclusion in several university rankings.
In 2020, UP was ranked 65th in the
Moreover, UP ranks in numerous world subject rankings, most notably 51-100th place in Development Studies, 101-150th place in English Language and Literature, Geography, and Politics and International Studies, 151-200th place in Archaeology, Agriculture and Forestry, and Sociology in the QS World University Rankings by Subject Area.[61] UP programs also place in Times Higher Education World University Rankings: 126-150th in Clinical, Pre-Clinical and Health subjects; 501-600 bracket for both Life Sciences and Social Sciences; in the 601+ bracket for Engineering and Technology, and Computer Science; and in the 801+ bracket in Physical Sciences.[62]
In the national rankings based on cumulative data from 1991 to 2001 of average passing rates in all courses of all Philippine colleges and universities in the
The 2024 Quacquarelli Symonds world university rankings published on April, 10 by subject included the University of the Philippines, De La Salle University and Ateneo de Manila University (of 1,559 institutions which featured 55 individual subjects). "Three Philippine universities placed in one out of four subject disciplines of the QS, while only UP ranked in 2 other subjects" QS stated.[64]
General education program
The General Education Program was introduced in 1959 and formed core courses prescribed for all students at the undergraduate level. The General Education Program is the Revitalized General Education Program (abbreviated as RGEP), which was approved by the Board of Regents in 2001. The RGEP offers courses in three domains (Arts and Humanities; Mathematics, Science, and Technology; and Social Sciences and Philosophy) and gives students the freedom to choose the general education subjects in these domains that they would like to take.[65] It has led to the development of courses unique to the campuses. Examples of these courses include NASC 10 (Forests as Source of Life) in Los Baños, Geography 1[66] (Places and Landscapes in a Changing World) in Diliman, and History 3 (History of Philippine Ethnic Minorities) in Baguio.
Library system
The university library system contains the largest collections of agricultural, medical, veterinary and animal science materials in the Philippines.[67][68][69] The library system has a collection of Filipiniana material, serials and journals in both electronic and physical forms and UPIANA materials in its archives. It also has a collection of documents of student, political, and religious organizations advocating political, economic, and social changes during the Marcos administration in the Diliman library.[70]
The university is one of the five governmental agencies involved with the Philippine eLib, a nationwide information resource-sharing consortium, to which it provides access to 758,649 of its bibliographic records.[71]
The library was established in 1922 in the Manila campus and was considered one of the best in Asia prior to the
Admissions and financial aid
Undergraduate admissions
As a public state university, "selection is based on intellectual and personal preparedness of the applicant irrespective of sex, religious belief and political affiliation."[75] Admission into the university's undergraduate programs is very competitive, with over 70,000 students taking the exam every year, with about 11,000 being accepted, an admission rate of about 18%.[76][77] Admission to a program is usually based on the result of the UPCAT, University Predicted Grade (UPG), which is an average of grades obtained during high school and sometimes, a quota set by the unit offering the program. The university also maintains a Policy of Democratization which aims to "make the U.P. studentry more representative of the nation's population."[45] The UPCAT also allows students to enter Intarmed, the university's accelerated 7-year medicine curriculum, one of the two entry points into the program. Transferring to the university from other constituent units or schools outside the system are determined by the degree-granting unit that offers the program or the course, not by the university's Office of Admissions.[45]
Socialized Tuition System
The Socialized Tuition System (also referred to as the “Iskolar ng Bayan" Program) (STS) was implemented in response to the increase in tuition in 2014.[78] The program, proposed in 1988 by U.P. President Jose Abueva and mandated by the President and Congress of the Philippines, called for a radical departure from the old fee and scholarship structure of UP, resulting in tremendous benefits for low-income and disadvantaged Filipino students.[79] The Socialized Tuition and Financial Assistance Program (STFAP) is divided into four basic components: Subsidized Education, Socialized Tuition, Scholarships, and Student Assistantships. In the 1989 STFAP, income groups are divided into nine brackets, with one having the full benefits.[79] In December 2006, the Board of Regents approved a restructured STFAP, along with the increase in tuition and other fees that will apply for incoming freshmen.[80]
The Revised STFAP reduces the brackets from nine to five, and will supposedly increase the number of students receiving tuition subsidy and increase stipend rates and coverage.[78] However, critics of the restructured STFAP argue that the data used in the formulation of the revised program is not an acceptable prediction of a student's family income, that some of the bracket assignments are flawed and that the program fails to address or revise student assistantship programs.[81]
Culture and traditions
University symbols
The university's colors are maroon and forest green. Maroon was chosen to represent the fight for freedom, as Maroon is also a name of a
Luntian at pula, Sagisag magpakailanman....
In 2004, the university's seal and the Oblation were registered in the Philippine Intellectual Property Office to prevent unauthorized use and multiplication of the symbols for the centennial of the university in 2008.[83] The centennial logo was used in visual materials and presentations of the centennial activities and events of the university. The logo, which was designed by Ringer Manalang, is composed of the Oblation, the sablay and a highlighted Philippine map.[84][85]
Official seal
Coat of Arms of the University of the Philippines | |
---|---|
Supporters | a bald eagle displayed Or |
Use | Official documents, publications and markers. |
The Seal of the University of the Philippines is the official device used by the university as its official symbol and mark for its legal and public documents and publications. The current seal in use was approved by the
The
Starting with the reorganization of the U.P. System in 1972, in order to signify their newly gained autonomy and specialization, most constituent universities of the System have adopted their own seals. These logos are either variations of the official seal, by changing the colors and adding elements, or are entirely new designs. These are sometimes used in place of the official University seal in official documents, such as transcripts and markers. Distinct seals or logos are sometimes produced, such as those for the U.P. System and UPLB Centennial Celebrations. A notable use of the System seal can be seen in the official seal of the U.P. Alumni Association, which features the Oblation, the Diliman Carillon, the Bahay ng Alumni facade and the university seal in its entirety.
U.P. Naming Mahal
U.P. Naming Mahal, or U.P. Our Beloved, is the university's hymn. The melody for the song was written by
The English lyrics (entitled as "U.P. Beloved") was taken from a poem by Teogenes Velez, a Liberal Arts student. The translation to Filipino was a composite from seven entries in a contest held by the university. The judges did not find any of the seven translations as fully satisfactory.
Lyrics[88][89]
Filipino Lyrics (U.P. Naming Mahal) |
Original Lyrics in English (U.P. Beloved) |
---|---|
I. U.P. naming mahal, pamantasang hirang |
I. U.P. beloved, thou Alma Mater dear |
Sablay
The university uses unique academic regalia, called the "Sablay," which is a sash patterned after the centuries-old sash academic regalia of Scandinavian universities. The "Sablay" is a sash joined in front by an ornament and embroidered or printed with the university's initials in