Urban climate

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

The

urban development. Urbanization greatly changes the form of the landscape, and also produces changes in an area's air. The study of urban climate is urban climatology
.

In 1950 Åke Sundborg published one of the first theories on the climate of cities.[1][2]

In the pursuit of a forthcoming shift in energy sources, the pivotal role of natural elements within urban settings cannot be overstated. This involves tapping into the possibilities presented by solar radiation, wind patterns, as well as the thermal capacities inherent in soil and water. Additionally, it encompasses leveraging the influence of weather patterns, seasonal variations, and the presence of green spaces.[3]

Climate change

As climate change becomes a pressing global issue, both global and local economies must adapt and innovate in their methodologies to foster sustainable practices and combat its effects. It is essential for them to embrace alternative approaches, such as renewable energy sources, eco-friendly production methods, and efficient resource management, to maintain economic growth while minimizing environmental impact.[4] As we learn more about climate change, it's important for experts and those sharing knowledge to keep talking and working together to lower the spread of inaccurate information and hopefully spread active awareness to every corner of the world.[5] In regions like India, attaining sustainable urban development poses formidable challenges due to a notable dearth of climate awareness within the planning system. Sustained progress relies on a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interactions between urbanization and climate change, which necessitates incorporating climate considerations and resilience measures into the fabric of urban planning. By enhancing knowledge and raising awareness among planners, policymakers, and stakeholders, it becomes possible to integrate climate-responsive strategies into the planning process, including efficient land use, low-carbon transportation, renewable energy, and climate-resilient infrastructure. Addressing this knowledge gap and fostering a climate-conscious mindset within the planning system are critical steps towards achieving sustainable urban development in India and empowering cities to navigate the complex challenges of climate change while ensuring a harmonious and prosperous future for its residents.[6]

Communities

Contemporary urban planning should transcend mere aesthetics achieved through private initiatives, recognizing the significance of inclusive and accessible public spaces. These shared spaces play a vital role in safeguarding the fundamental right to adequate housing for all. It entails a social contract that fosters unity among diverse individuals by establishing a sense of belonging and shared values. By prioritizing the development of public spaces alongside private endeavors, city planning can foster community cohesion, promote equitable access to resources, and contribute to the overall well-being and quality of life for residents, reinforcing the principles of social unity and collective progress.[5]

Role of remote sensing education

A considerable number of undergraduate minority students with STEM backgrounds have limited knowledge of remote sensing and its applications in geophysics. This inadequate exposure, awareness, understanding, and engagement hinder their exploration of innovative approaches to gather environmental knowledge. In order to enrich undergraduate education, adequately prepare future geoscientists, empower underserved communities, and tackle the shortage of geoscience professionals, it is crucial to employ unique teaching and learning methods. The Center for Remote Sensing and Earth System Sciences (ReSESS) at City Tech focuses on leveraging remote sensing to attract and engage students from underserved communities, with a specific emphasis on studying urban climate dynamics in their local neighborhoods. This approach has demonstrated success in raising awareness and deepening understanding of the geosciences, while motivating students to contribute their newly acquired knowledge to local environmental sustainability initiatives.[7]

Temperature

Increased urban

visible radiation.[9][11] This phenomenon can also be exacerbated when people release waste heat via heating and ventilating systems (e.g. air conditioners) and vehicular emissions.[9][10] Expansion of these urban areas can lead to higher surface and air temperatures contributing to urban climate.[9]

Thermal loading

A significant global challenge that cities face today is the escalating urban heat island effect. This phenomenon refers to the elevated temperatures experienced in urban areas due to the cumulative impact of both natural and human-induced factors. Managing the thermal load becomes imperative to regulate and sustain optimal temperatures in these urban environments. Strategic planning and implementation of various heat mitigation strategies become essential to counteract the adverse effects of urban heat islands. This involves the careful consideration of factors such as urban design, green infrastructure, building materials, landscaping, and energy-efficient cooling systems. By adopting a multifaceted approach that integrates natural and technological solutions to add or remove heat as necessary, cities can create more resilient and comfortable living environments, ensuring the well-being and quality of life for their inhabitants while mitigating the impact of urban heat islands on public health, energy consumption, and overall urban sustainability.[6]

Precipitation

Because cities are warmer, the warmer air is apt to rise, and if the humidity is high it can cause convectional rainfall – short intense bursts of rain and thunderstorms.[citation needed]

Urban areas produce particles of dust (notably

cloud microphysics.[citation needed
]

Because of the warmer temperatures there is less snow in the city than surrounding areas.[citation needed]

Winds

wind breaks). On the other hand, tall buildings can act as wind tunnels in which winds are funneled between the structures. This effect can be exacerbated on longer streets with suitable buildings properly oriented to the wind direction. The gusty winds around buildings also leads to eddying.[citation needed
]

Humidity

Cities usually have a lower

sewage water system and thus vanishes from the surface immediately. Better understanding of urban temperature and water vapor contributions and/ or loss will reveal the reasons for lower relative humidity within cities, especially since relative humidity is dependent on temperature changes.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Kungl. Vetenskapsakademiens årsberättelse 2007" (PDF) (in Swedish). No. 81. Stockholm. 2008. pp. 30–31. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-07-04. Retrieved 2016-10-26. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)
  2. doi:10.1080/04353676.1987.11880191
    .
  3. ^ Roesler, Sascha; Kobi, Madlen; Stieger, Lorenzo (2022). "Coping with Urban Climates: Comparative Perspectives on Architecture and Thermal Governance". 2: 47. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  4. ^ Paola, Sutto (2010). Urban Climate Change Crossroads (1st ed.). Taylor & Francis Group.
  5. ^ a b Sutto, Paola (2010). Urban Climate Change Crossroads (1st ed.). Taylor & Franis.
  6. ^
    ISSN 0255-660X
    .
  7. ISBN 979-8-3503-2010-7. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help
    )
  8. ^ a b c d e Paulino, Amanda (2017). "Analysis of the urban heat island in representative points of the city of Bayeux/PB". Journal of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing. 7: 345–356.
  9. ^
    doi:10.1088/1755-1315/118/1/012048
    .
  10. ^ a b c d e FTUI, IJtech. "The Impact of Road Pavement on Urban Heat Island (UHI) Phenomenon". IJTech - International Journal of Technology. Retrieved 2019-04-07.
  11. ^
    doi:10.3390/cli6020019
    .
  12. doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1987)026<0427:cocaur>2.0.co;2
    .
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