Ursula von der Leyen
Ursula von der Leyen | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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President of the European Commission | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Assumed office 1 December 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
First Vice-President | Margrethe Vestager Frans Timmermans (2019-2023) Maroš Šefčovič (2023-present) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Preceded by | Jean-Claude Juncker | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Minister of Defence | |||||||||||||||||||||||
In office 17 December 2013 – 17 July 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Chancellor | Angela Merkel | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Preceded by | Thomas de Maizière | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Succeeded by | Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Minister of Labour and Social Affairs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
In office 30 November 2009 – 17 December 2013 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Chancellor | Angela Merkel | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Preceded by | Franz Josef Jung | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Succeeded by | Andrea Nahles | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Minister of Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth | |||||||||||||||||||||||
In office 22 November 2005 – 30 November 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Chancellor | Angela Merkel | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Preceded by | Renate Schmidt | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Succeeded by | Kristina Schröder | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Personal details | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Born | Ursula Gertrud Albrecht 8 October 1958 Ixelles, Belgium | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Nationality | German | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Political party | Christian Democratic Union (since 1990) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Spouse | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Children | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent |
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Occupation |
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Website | Official website | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Ursula Gertrud von der Leyen (German:
Ursula von der Leyen was born and raised in
In 2005, she joined the federal cabinet, first as
On 2 July 2019, von der Leyen was proposed by the
Family and early life
Von der Leyen was born in 1958 in Ixelles, Brussels, Belgium, where she lived until she was 13 years old. In the family, she has been known since childhood as Röschen, a diminutive of Rose.[11] Her father Ernst Albrecht worked as one of the first European civil servants from the establishment of the European Commission in 1958, first as chef de cabinet to the European commissioner for competition Hans von der Groeben in the Hallstein Commission, and then as director-general of the Directorate-General for Competition from 1967 to 1970. She attended the European School, Brussels I until the age of 13.[12]
In 1971, she relocated to
Most of her ancestors were from the former states of
Von der Leyen's father's grandparents were the cotton merchant
In 1986, she married physician Heiko von der Leyen, a member of the von der Leyen family that made a fortune as silk merchants and was ennobled in 1786; her husband became a professor of medicine and the CEO of a medical engineering company. She met him at a university choir in Göttingen.[21] They have seven children, born between 1987 and 1999.[22] Von der Leyen is Lutheran.[23][24]
Ursula von der Leyen is a native speaker of German and French, and speaks English fluently, having lived for a combined five years in the United Kingdom and the United States.[25] She lives with her family on a farm in Burgdorf near Hanover where they keep horses.[26] She is a keen equestrian and has been involved in competitive horseriding.[27]
Education and professional career
She moved to the
In 1980, she switched to studying medicine and enrolled at the Hannover Medical School, where she graduated in 1987 and acquired her medical licence, specialising in women's health.[35] From 1988 to 1992, she worked as an assistant physician at the Women's Clinic of the Hannover Medical School. Upon completing her doctoral studies, she defended the thesis[36] and graduated as a Doctor of Medicine in 1991. Following the birth of twins, she was a housewife in Stanford, California, from 1992 to 1996, while her husband was a faculty member of Stanford University, returning to Germany in 1996.[37]
From 1998 to 2002, she taught at the Department of Epidemiology, Social Medicine and Health System Research at the Hannover Medical School.[
Plagiarism accusations
In 2015, researchers collaborating at the VroniPlag Wiki reviewed von der Leyen's 1991 doctoral thesis and alleged that 43.5% of the thesis pages contained plagiarism, and in 23 cases citations were used that did not verify claims for which they were given.[41][42] Multiple notable German academics such as Gerhard Dannemann and Volker Rieble publicly accused von der Leyen of intended plagiarism.[43] The Hannover Medical School conducted an investigation and concluded in March 2016 that while the thesis contains plagiarism, no intention to deceive could be proven.[44][45]
The university decided not to revoke von der Leyen's medical degree.[44] Critics questioned the independence of the commission that reviewed the thesis as von der Leyen personally knew its director from joint work for an alumni association.[45] Various media outlets also criticised that the decision was nontransparent, not according to established rules, and failed to secure high academic standards.[45][46][47]
Early political career
Ursula von der Leyen joined the
In the Niedersachsen Landtag, 2003–2005
Ursula von der Leyen was elected to the Parliament of Lower Saxony in the 2003 state election for Lehrte, the same constituency then-Chancellor Gerhard Schröder represented from 1986 to 1998. From 2003 to 2005 she was a minister in the state government of Lower Saxony, serving in the cabinet of Christian Wulff, with responsibility for social affairs, women, family, and health.[49]
In 2003, von der Leyen was part of a group assigned by the then–opposition leader and CDU chairwoman Angela Merkel to draft alternative proposals for social welfare reform in response to Chancellor Gerhard Schröder's "Agenda 2010". The so-called Herzog Commission, named after its chairman, the former German President Roman Herzog, recommended a comprehensive package of reform proposals including, among other things, decoupling health and nursing care premiums from people's earnings and levying a monthly lump sum across the board instead.[50]
Ahead of the
In the Bundestag, 2005–2019
Minister of Family Affairs and Youth, 2005–2009
In 2005, Ursula von der Leyen was appointed
Minister of Labour and Social Affairs, 2009–2013
At the federal election of 2009, von der Leyen was elected to the Bundestag, Germany's Parliament, representing the 42nd electoral district of Hanover, alongside Edelgard Bulmahn of the Social Democrats. In the negotiations to form a coalition government following the elections, she led the CDU/CSU delegation in the working group on health policy; her co-chair from the FDP was Philipp Rösler. She was reappointed as family minister,[55] but on 30 November 2009 succeeded Franz Josef Jung as Federal Minister of Labour and Social Affairs.[56]
During her time in office, von der Leyen cultivated the image of being the social conscience of the CDU
Von der Leyen also lobbied for lowering the barriers to immigration for some foreign workers, in order to fight shortages of skilled workers in Germany.[60] In 2013, she concluded an agreement with the Government of the Philippines that was aimed at helping Filipino health care professionals to gain employment in Germany. A vital provision of the agreement is that the Filipino workers are to be employed on the same terms and conditions as their German counterparts.[61]
Von der Leyen was initially considered the front-runner to be nominated by the ruling
In November 2010, von der Leyen was elected (with 85% of the votes) as one of four deputies of CDU chairwoman Merkel, serving alongside Volker Bouffier, Norbert Röttgen and Annette Schavan. Later that month, she told the Bild am Sonntag newspaper that the CDU should consider establishing a formal voting process for choosing future candidates for Chancellor.[64] In 2012, she was re-elected (with 69% of the votes) as one of Merkel's deputies as CDU chairwoman, this time serving alongside Bouffier, Julia Klöckner, Armin Laschet and Thomas Strobl.[65]
In the negotiations to form a government following the 2013 federal elections, von der Leyen led the CDU/CSU delegation in the labour policy working group, with Andrea Nahles of the SPD as her co-chair.[66]
Minister of Defence, 2013–2019
In December 2013, Ursula von der Leyen was appointed by Merkel as Germany's first female
In December 2014, von der Leyen had her fingerprint cloned by a German hacker who was able to use the commercially available VeriFinger product from Neurotechnology UAB to replicate her fingerprint using photographs taken with a "standard photo camera".[68][69]
In August 2016, von der Leyen joined the World Economic Forum board of trustees.[70]
In September 2016, von der Leyen chaired the EPP Defence Ministers Meeting, which gathers EPP defence ministers ahead of meetings of the Council of the European Union.[71]
Former British Secretary of State for Defence Michael Fallon noted in 2019 that she had been "a star presence" in the NATO community and "the doyenne of NATO ministers for over five years".[2] She has faced domestic criticism for her leadership style, reliance on outside consultants, and continued gaps in military readiness.[72]
International crises
Within her first year in office, von der Leyen visited the
In the summer of 2014, she was instrumental in Germany's decision to resupply the Kurdish
At the
After
Under von der Leyen's leadership, the German parliament approved government plans in early 2016 to send up to 650 soldiers to Mali, boosting its presence in the U.N. peacekeeping mission MINUSMA in the West African country.[84]
Armed forces reform
In June 2014, von der Leyen introduced a €100 million plan to make the Bundeswehr more attractive to recruits, including by offering crèches for soldiers' children, limiting postings to match school term dates, and considerable rises in hardship allowances for difficult postings.[85][86]
In August 2014 in a debate over funding priorities, von der Leyen categorised as "vital to national interests" only sensor technology and crypto technology and left all other funding items as secondary. Economy Minister
In 2015, as a result of severe NATO–Russian tensions in Europe, Germany announced an increase in defence spending. In May 2015, the German government approved an increase in defence spending, at the time 1.3% of GDP, by 6.2% over the following five years, allowing the Ministry of Defense to modernise the army fully.
In April 2017 after Bundeswehr officials failed to properly investigate persistent reports of brutal hazing rituals, sexual humiliation, and bullying in military training, von der Leyen fired the army's training commander, Major General Walter Spindler, in 2017.[97]
Progress towards a European Army
As a consequence of improved Dutch–German cooperation, since 2014 two of the three Royal Netherlands Army Brigades are under German Command. In 2014, the 11th Airmobile Brigade was integrated into the German Division of fast forces (DSK). The German 414 Tank Battalion was integrated into the Dutch 43rd Mechanized Brigade. In turn, the Dutch 43rd Mechanized Brigade will be assigned to the 1st Panzer Division of the German army, with the integration starting at the beginning of 2016, and the unit becoming operational at the end of 2019.[98] In February 2016 it was announced that the Seebatallion of the German Navy would start to operate under Royal Dutch Navy command.[99] The Dutch-German military cooperation was seen in 2016 by von der Leyen and Dutch Minister of Defence Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert as an example for setting up a European defence union.[99]
A further proposal by von der Leyen, to allow non-German
According to a policy dictated by von der Leyen in February 2017, the Bundeswehr is to play a greater role as an "anchor army" for smaller NATO states, by improving coordination between its divisions and smaller members' Brigades.[101]
It was announced in February 2017 that the
Military procurement
In October 2014, von der Leyen pledged to get a grip on Germany's military equipment budget after publishing a KPMG report on repeated failures in controlling suppliers, costs and delivery deadlines, e.g., with the Airbus A400M Atlas transport plane, Eurofighter Typhoon jet and the Boxer armoured fighting vehicle.[103]
In January 2015, von der Leyen publicly criticised Airbus over delays in the delivery of A400M military transport planes, complaining that the company had a serious problem with product quality.[104] Under her leadership, the ministry agreed to accept 13 million euros in compensation for delays in deliveries of both the second and third A400M aircraft. In 2016, she asked for an additional 12.7 million euros in damages for delays in the delivery of a fourth plane.[105] Also in 2015, von der Leyen chose MBDA, jointly owned by Airbus, Britain's BAE Systems, and Italy's Leonardo S.p.A., to build the Medium Extended Air Defense System, but set strict milestones for it to retain the contract.[106]
Arms exports
During her May 2015 visit to India, von der Leyen expressed support for a project initiated by the Indian government to build six small German TKMS diesel-electric submarines for a total cost of $11 billion.[107][108]
In 2019, she also promoted the German government's decisions on arms exports to Saudi Arabia and Turkey.[109][110]
"Consultants affair"
Since 2018 an investigative committee organised by Germany's Federal Audit Office has been looking into how contracts worth tens of millions of euros were awarded to external consultancy firms.[111][112][72] The auditing office has found several irregularities in how the contracts were awarded. During the investigation, two of von der Leyen's phones were confiscated, but data from both phones have been deleted before being returned to the defence ministry.[113] In turn, opposition lawmaker Tobias Linder has filed a criminal complaint against von der Leyen suspecting deliberate destruction of evidence relevant for the case.[114][115]
CDU party career
Von der Leyen was elected as a member of the CDU executive board in December 2014 and received 70.5% of the votes. As in her reelections in 2016 (72.4%) and 2018 (57.47%), this was the weakest of all results.[116][117][118][119]
As a cabinet member, von der Leyen was, for several years, regarded as one of the leading contenders to succeed
President of the European Commission
Presidency of Ursula von der Leyen 1 December 2019 – present | |
Ursula von der Leyen | |
Cabinet | von der Leyen Commission |
Party | European People's Party |
Seat | Brussels |
| |
Official website |
2019
On 2 July 2019, von der Leyen was proposed by the European Council as their candidate for the office of President of the European Commission.[4][5] On 16 July, her nomination was approved by the European Parliament with 383 to 327 votes.[6] Germany abstained from the vote to nominate her. An article in The Guardian said that the reason for Germany's refusal to support her nomination in the European Council was that von der Leyen was considered divisive in her home country.[129] She is the first woman to hold the office[130] and the first German since the commission's first president, Walter Hallstein.[131]
When she lived in Brussels, her little sister Benita-Eva died of cancer at the age of eleven and she remembered "the enormous helplessness of my parents" in view of the cancer. This inspired her to make cancer a focus of her government.[132]
At the press conference announcing her nomination, European Council President Donald Tusk noted von der Leyen's intention to retain Commission First-Vice-President Frans Timmermans during her administration. Timmermans has previously been one of the "lead candidates" (German: Spitzenkandidat) for the commission's presidency. As a candidate, she published a document entitled "My agenda for Europe",[133] and was fêted for her commitment to "gender equality and gender mainstreaming" by at least one observer who sought to advance the "professional development of women in the field of international peace and security".[134]
Following her nomination as a candidate for Commission president, the Commission provided her with a salary, office, and staff in Brussels to facilitate negotiations between the EU institutions as to her election. These arrangements were extended, to enable a smooth transition, during her period as president-elect, until the new College of Commissioners was confirmed by the European Parliament and took office in November.[135] In light of her new role, von der Leyen resigned her seat in the German Bundestag on 31 July 2019.[136]
Von der Leyen supported the proposed
Von der Leyen unveiled the new proposed EU Commission's structure (whom she deemed to be a "geopolitical" one)[140] on 10 September 2019, renaming a number of posts of the College of Commissioners to make them sound less formal and more goal-oriented, including the controversial portfolio for "Protecting our European Way of Life",[141][142] a vice-presidency responsible for the coordination of migration, security, employment and education policies.[143][144] The later portfolio's name drew heavy criticism, as it was considered to carry a xenophobic message linking the protection of the "European Way of Life" to migration policies.[b][141] The proposed structure for the college also saw the "unexpected" promotion of EPP's Valdis Dombrovskis to a role of executive vice-president, up to a number of three executive vice-presidencies, equalling the roles entrusted to Timmermans and Margrethe Vestager.[140]
Controversy and investigation over award of contracts by German defence ministry
At the time of von der Leyen's nomination as president of the Commission, an investigative committee of the
In December 2019, German parliamentarians accused the German Defence Ministry of torpedoing the investigation into alleged wrongdoing in its consultant contracts by deleting data from the official phone of von der Leyen from the time she was Minister of Defence after it was declared evidence in the investigation, and by arguing that the deletion of the phone data was "for security reasons".[148]
2020
In March 2020, von der Leyen's Commission turned down the idea of suspending the Schengen Agreement in order to introduce border controls around Italy, at that time the centre of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe,[149][150][151] The decision drew criticism from some European politicians.[152][153] After some EU member states announced closure of their national borders to foreign nationals due to the COVID-19 pandemic, von der Leyen said that "Certain controls may be justified, but general travel bans are not seen as being the most effective by the World Health Organization. Moreover, they have a strong social and economic impact, they disrupt people's lives and business across the borders."[154] Von der Leyen condemned the U.S. decision to restrict travel from the coronavirus-affected Europe to the United States.[155]
Von der Leyen supported the EU's imposition of
Greek Prime Minister
2021
Due to a combination of unfavourable conditions, which involved soaring demand of natural gas, its diminished supply from Russia and Norway to the European markets, and less power generation by
During the 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis, von der Leyen condemned the indiscriminate attacks by the Palestinian terrorist group Hamas on Israel.[167]
In December 2021 the former doctor expressed her concern that one-third of the European population still are not vaccinated. She said that "EU nations should open a debate around making COVID-19 vaccinations mandatory because too many people still refuse to get shots voluntarily."[168]
Controversy over transparency
This section needs to be updated.(March 2024) |
In April 2021, The New York Times reported that von der Leyen had exchanged electronic correspondence with Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla negotiating terms of sale of the COVID-19 vaccine to the EU.[169] Emily O'Reilly, the European Ombudsman, accused von der Leyen of "maladministration" for failure to disclose that correspondence upon a FOI request, and for claiming that the messages had disappeared, and for further claiming that the vaccine line item of the EU's budget was confidential.[170][171]
Von der Leyen was first reported to have taken a personal role in negotiating the largest vaccine deal for the EU. The commission later clarified that Von der Leyen had no (formal) role in purchasing the vaccine. “The President of the Commission was not involved in the negotiations on the Covid vaccine contract,” said Health Commissioner Stella Kyriakides in the EU Parliament.[172][173]
At the time, the deal was estimated to be worth around €35 billion; it would cover the purchase of 900 million doses of the BioNTech/Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine if fully exercised, with an additional 900 million doses available for purchase.[174]
2022
After the start of the
At a 2022 Europe Day event to celebrate the conclusion of the Conference on the Future of Europe,[183] von der Leyen stated her agreement with the report[184] prepared by panels of randomly selected EU citizens, that the Union needed to move away from unanimous voting in the Council when it comes to foreign policy decisions.[185] In a June Politico interview, she expressed that her views had been shaped by the slow pace of the Union in adopting sanctions against Belarus and Russia due to unanimity requirements.[186] She has stated however, that the Union should not completely move away from unanimity.[186]
Russian invasion of Ukraine
During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, von der Leyen travelled to Kyiv to support the Ukrainian people.[176][177][178][179][180]
Controversy over gas deliveries from Azerbaijan
On 18 July 2022 von der Leyen called Azerbaijan a reliable partner for energy supply,[187] later signing an agreement with Azerbaijan government intended to diversify gas supplies in the context of the ongoing Russian-Ukraine war 2022.[188] This sparked controversy when Azerbaijan attacked its neighbour Armenia just a few months later, and Azeri soldiers committed various documented atrocities including rapes and the murder of prisoners of war. Human rights activists claim that an EU president cannot condemn one dictator while embracing another, which was also expressed in the EU parliament by Martin Sonneborn.[189][190][191][192]
The deal will double Azerbaijan's natural gas imports through the Southern Gas Corridor by 2027.[193]
2023
In April von der Leyen issued a video statement celebrating Israel's 75th Independence Day, noting that "the Jewish People could finally build a home in the Promised Land," adding that "You have literally made the desert bloom."[194]
In July 2023, she visited the Philippines and praised the improvement in human rights in the Philippines while meeting with Philippine President Bongbong Marcos.[195]
In October 2023, von der Leyen condemned "the military operation by Azerbaijan against the Armenian population of Nagorno-Karabakh and reaffirmed the need to respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Armenia".[196]
During the
In December 2023, she came to Egypt and discussed the "strategic partnership" between the EU and Egypt with Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi.[199]
Remarks at the Beyond Growth conference
In May 2023 at the Beyond Growth conference in the European Parliament, Ursula von der Leyen moderately criticised GDP-based economy saying that "a growth model centred on fossil fuels is simply obsolete" and "economic growth is not an end in itself". Approximately one hour later, the European Commission presented its economic forecast which talked about GDP and inflation without presenting any other parameters. When Economy Commissioner Paolo Gentiloni was asked whether the commission will change its mode of economy measuring following von der Leyer criticism he answered: "the Commission was considering a stronger role "not only [for] the environmental dimension, but the social dimension" in its recommendation and policies".[200][201] Von der Leyen remarks came as part of a debate in the European Union whether it possible to not pass Planetary boundaries in a GDP based economy.[202]
EU Deforestation Regulation
The European Commission officially approved a measure to phase out palm oil–based biofuels by 2030.[203][204] During a meeting with von der Leyen, Indonesian President Joko Widodo expressed concern about the EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), which aims to prevent products linked to deforestation from reaching the EU market.[205]
Migrant crisis in Italy
In 2022, the European Union recorded the highest number of unauthorised migrant arrivals since 2016.[206] Von der Leyen tried to strike a deal with Tunisia's authoritarian President Kais Saied, with a focus on stopping illegal migration from Tunisia to Italy. In September 2023, more than 120 boats carrying around 7,000 migrants from Africa arrived on the Italian island of Lampedusa within 24 hours.[207] Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni declared that she wrote to von der Leyen "to ask her to come with me to Lampedusa to personally realize the gravity of the situation we face, and to immediately accelerate the implementation of the agreement with Tunisia by transferring the agreed resources."[208]
2024
Second candidacy
In March 2024 von der Leyen was once again confirmed as the EPP's candidate for the Presidency of the European Commission. Opinion polls deem her re-election as certain.[209]
Other activities
Von der Leyen is a member of the German branch of the
- Total E-Quality initiative, Member of the Board of Trustees[211]
- Mädchenchor Hannover, Member of the Board of Trustees[212]
- World Economic Forum (WEF), Member of the Board of Trustees (2016–2019)[213]
- World Economic Forum on the Middle East and North Africa, Co-chair (2017)[214]
- Munich Security Conference, Member of the Advisory Council (2013–2019)[215]
- 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup, Member of the Board of Trustees (2010–2011)[216]
Political views
Childcare and parental leave
Ursula von der Leyen assumed her office as
Von der Leyen also introduced the German Elternzeit, a paid
Blocking internet child pornography
Ursula von der Leyen advocated the initiation of a mandatory blockage of child pornography on the Internet through service providers via a block list maintained by the Federal Criminal Police Office of Germany (BKA), thus creating the necessary infrastructure for extensive censorship of websites deemed illegal by the BKA.[220]
These actions brought her the nickname "Zensursula", a
In July 2009, she referred to the problems of struggling against paedophile pornography on the internet as the responsible persons often use servers located in Africa or India, where, she said, "child pornography is legal".[223][224] This claim was based on a 2006 study by the International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children.[225] However, child pornography is, in fact, illegal in India, which has much stricter rules about erotic media than Germany. She later expressed regret for having cited an inaccurate study.[226]
Von der Leyen was in charge of the request to ban and rate the
Women board quota
In 2013, von der Leyen unsuccessfully campaigned for a statutory quota for female participation in the supervisory boards of companies in Germany, requiring company boards to be at least 20% female by 2018, rising to 40% by 2023.[228]
German foreign policy
Von der Leyen is a proponent of a more assertive German foreign policy.[229][230] One striking example was the decision in September 2014 to send arms to Kurdish and Iraqi security forces. This decision broke a longstanding taboo on Germany's dispatching of weapons to a conflict zone.[122]
On the deteriorating relationship between Europe and Russia during the
Von der Leyen has supported close
In 2017 von der Leyen noted that "healthy democratic resistance of the younger generation" in
Von der Leyen responded to Donald Trump's criticism of the Russian-backed Nord Stream 2—a pipeline for delivering natural gas from Russia to Germany—in an interview with the BBC: "We have an independent energy supply, we are an independent country, we are just diversifying".[244]
European integration
In a 2011 interview with
With 2014 marking the centenary of the start of World War I, von der Leyen – in her capacity as defence minister – inaugurated a memorial for the Armistice Day in Ablain-Saint-Nazaire alongside French President François Hollande and North Rhine-Westphalia State Premier Hannelore Kraft, as well as British and Belgian officials.[246]
In 2015, von der Leyen argued that a form of
Following the 2016 European Union membership referendum in the United Kingdom, she argued that the UK had "paralysed" European efforts to integrate security policy and "consistently blocked everything with the label 'Europe' on it".[249] She has described Brexit as "a burst bubble of hollow promises".[250] In an interview with The Guardian days after her election to succeed Jean-Claude Juncker as President of the European Commission, she stated that the withdrawal deal agreed between Theresa May and chief Brexit negotiator Michel Barnier would remain the basis of any future talks. She also stated that the EU should extend the Brexit deadline beyond 31 October 2019.[251] In November 2019, at Paris Peace Forum, von der Leyen said that there is need for stable and responsible leadership in Europe and that the bloc must increase foreign policy budget spending by one-third.[252]
On 7 September 2023, Ursula von der Leyen met the UAE President Mohammad bin Zayed in Abu Dhabi. The meeting included a discussion on the export of sanctioned goods through the Gulf state to Russia. She asked MbZ to be more cooperative and constructive in handling the issue. The EU expected the UAE to stop being a mediator supplying sanctioned goods to Russia. It had already sanctioned several Emirati entities that were alleged of directly supporting Russia's war.[253]
Human rights in China
Von der Leyen and French President
Same-sex marriage
When the
Israel–Palestine
On the 75th anniversary of
She accused Iran of being "behind Hamas", saying that "Iran has no interest whatsoever in this region coming to peace. On the contrary, Iran wants to foment violence and chaos because that secures its influence."[263] Ursula von der Leyen and other European leaders offered verbal and material support to Israel,[264] including military aid.
Environment
Ursula von der Leyen considers stopping climate change as a top priority.[citation needed] She is promoting green regulation and initiatives.[citation needed]
She promoted the European Green Deal.[265] She complained that "Global markets are now flooded with cheaper Chinese electric cars, and their price is kept artificially low by huge state subsidies".[266]
Honours
Foreign honours
- Lithuania:
- Grand Cross of the Order for Merits to Lithuania (2 March 2017)[267]
- Mali:
- Commander of the National Order of Mali (4 April 2016)[268]
- Ukraine:
- Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, 1st class (23 August 2022)[269]
Honorary degrees
- 2023 – Honorary Doctorate, Université Toulouse Capitole[270]
- 2022 – Honorary Doctorate, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev[271]
Other awards
- 2019 – Forbes' list of the World's 100 Most Powerful Women, position 4[272]
- 2020 – Forbes' list of the World's 100 Most Powerful Women, position 4[272]
- 2020 – Global Citizen Prize for World Leader[273]
- 2022 – BBC 100 Women[274]
- 2022 – Global Goalkeeper Award, presented by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's Goalkeepers program[275][276]
- 2022 – Forbes' list of the World's 100 Most Powerful Women, position 1[9]
- 2023 – Forbes' list of the World's 100 Most Powerful Women, position 1[10]
Publications
- Ursula von der Leyen, C-reaktives Protein als diagnostischer Parameter zur Erfassung eines Amnioninfektionssyndroms bei vorzeitigem Blasensprung und therapeutischem Entspannungsbad in der Geburtsvorbereitung, doctoral dissertation, Hannover Medical School, 1990[277]
- Ursula von der Leyen, ISBN 978-3-570-00959-8
- Ursula von der Leyen, ISBN 978-3-89204-927-2
Notes
- ^ The process for electing the president of the European Commission is described in Article 17(7) of the Treaty on European Union.[7]
- ^ The European Commission president Jean-Claude Juncker criticised Von der Leyen's decision, saying: "I don't like the idea that the European way of life is opposed to migration. Accepting those that come from far away is part of the European way of life."[145] Philippe Lamberts, the president of the Greens–European Free Alliance at the European Parliament, said: "An all-white European Commission claiming to protect 'our European way of life' is a far cry from the idea of unity in diversity on which this union is built. Von der Leyen must present a better proposal".[146]
References
- ^ Businessweek.
- ^ a b Fallon, Michael (3 July 2019). "Yes, Ursula von der Leyen is an EU federalist, but she knows she can't afford to alienate Britain". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
- ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
- ^ a b "First woman nominated to lead EU Commission". BBC. 2 July 2019. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
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