Uskhal Khan Tögüs Temür
Tianyuan Emperor of Northern Yuan 北元天元帝 Uskhal Khan 兀思哈勒汗 ᠡᠣ᠊ᠰᠠᠠᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Emperor of the Great Yuan | |||||||||||||||||||||
Emperor of the Northern Yuan dynasty | |||||||||||||||||||||
Reign | May 1378 – November 1388 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Coronation | May 1378 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Predecessor | Biligtü Khan Ayushiridara | ||||||||||||||||||||
Successor | Jorightu Khan Yesüder | ||||||||||||||||||||
Born | 1342[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Died | 18 November 1388 Tuul River, Northern Yuan dynasty | (aged 46)||||||||||||||||||||
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House | Borjigin | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dynasty | Northern Yuan | ||||||||||||||||||||
Father | Ukhaghatu Khan Toghon Temür |
Uskhal Khan (Mongolian: Усхал; Mongolian script: ᠡᠣ᠊ᠰᠠᠠᠠᠯ; Chinese: 兀思哈勒汗), also called the Last Lord of Northern Yuan (Chinese: 北元末主)[5] or by his era name the Tianyuan Emperor (Chinese: 天元帝), born Tögüs Temür (Chinese: 脫古思帖木兒; 7 March 1342 – 18 November 1388), was an emperor of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1378 to 1388. He was the last powerful khagan of the Mongols until Dayan Khan.[6]
Tögüs Temür was the younger brother of
Uskhal Khan Tögüs Temür mobilized troops near
The Ming army crushed the Northern Yuan garrison under Iliyasan in northern China in June 1380. Uskhal Khan's commanders, Öljei-Buqa and Nair-Buqa, invaded Lulun city, killing the Ming officer Liu Guang in the same year. The Ming dispatched a large army against the Northern Yuan the next year.
The
See also
- List of khans of the Northern Yuan dynasty
References
- ^ Sh.Tseyen-Oidov – Chinggis bogdoos Ligden khutaghtu hurtel (khaad), p. 129.
- ^ a b 自元昭宗以後,所有北元君主皆不自稱皇帝,只自稱可汗。漢文的廟號與諡號也不再有。黎東方. 《細說元朝》. 二六 〈蒙古可汗與元朝皇帝的名單〉.傳記文學出版社 . 1981年: 第215頁.
- ^ 中國蒙古史學會, ed. (1986). 《中國蒙古史學會論文選集(1981)》 (in Chinese). 中華人民共和國: 內蒙古人民出版社. p. 74.
烏薩哈爾可汗,必力克圖可汗的弟弟,名脫古思帖木兒。生於一三四二年(至正二年、壬午年)。於一三七九年(己未年) ,即可汗位,時年三十八歲。詔改明年為天元元年。於一三八八年(戊辰年)十月,被也速迭兒縊死。在位十年,享年四十七歲。謚號益宗,蒙古語稱烏薩哈爾可汗。
- ISBN 9787532622740. Retrieved 1 August 2007.
脫古思帖木兒(1342-1388)明代蒙古可汗。元順帝妥懂帖睦爾之子。洪武二年(1379)即汗位,號烏薩哈爾汗,年號天元。明太祖致書勸降,不從。次年,被明將沐英擊敗於和林(今蒙古國烏蘭巴托西南)。十四年,又遭明將徐達襲擊,損失慘重。二十一年,與明將藍玉所率十五萬軍戰於捕魚兒海(今貝爾湖),兵敗,僅惜數十騎脫走,行至土刺河,為蒙古別部領主也速迭兒襲殺。廟號益宗。
- ^ 郑天挺 [Zheng Tianting], 吴泽 [Wu Ze], 杨志玖 [Yang Zhijiu] (2007). 中國歷史大辞典: A-J [Comprehensive Dictionary of Chinese History: A-J] (in Chinese). 上海辞书出版社 [Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House]. p. 589.
- ^ Denis Crispin Twitchett; John King Fairbank (Ed.). The Cambridge history of China, Volume 2; Volume 8, p. 227.
- ^ Wang [王], Shizhen [世貞]. 《北虏始末志》.
- ^ L. Jamsran-Mongol ulsyin tuuh, vol. III, p. 28.
- ^ Reuven Amitai-Preiss, Reuven Amitai, David Morgan-The Mongol empire and its legacy, p. 293.