Ustilaginales

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Ustilaginales
Huitlacoche
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Ustilaginomycetes
Subclass: Ustilaginomycetidae
Order: Ustilaginales
(G. Winter 1880)[1] Bauer & Oberwinkler 1997[2]
Families

Anthracoideaceae

Clintamraceae

Geminaginaceae
Melanotaeniaceae
Pericladiaceae

Uleiellaceae
Ustilaginaceae
Websdaneaceae

The Ustilaginales are an

genera, and 851 species in 2008.[3]

In 2011, monotypic family

Pericladiaceae Vánky holding just Pericladium Pass. (with 3 species) was added.[4]
Also family
Cintractiellales McTaggart & R.G. Shivas in 2020.[5]

Ustinaginales is also known and classified as the smut fungi. They are serious plant

parasitic
.

Morphology

Has a thick-walled resting spore (teliospore), known as the "brand" (burn) spore or chlamydospore.

Economic importance

They can infect corn plants (

huitlacoche
and sold canned for consumption in Latin America.

Sexual reproduction

Almost all Ustilaginales species share a

saprophitic yeast-like stage and a filamentous sexual stage that is required to parasitize a host.[6] The parasitic phase involves karyogamy, the process of fusing two haploid nuclei (present in haploid teliospore cells), followed by meiosis.[6] Each meiosis results in a septated basidium bearing four haploid basidiospores which can then proceed to yeast-like growth. During meiosis, genes are expressed that function in recombination and DNA repair.[6]

See also

  • Huitlacoche

References

Notes
  1. ^ Winter G. (1880). Rabenhorsts Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweitz, Vol. 1 (in German). Leipzig: E. Kummer. p. 73. (as "Ustilagineae")
  2. .
  3. .
  4. ^ Vánky, K. (2011). "The genus Pericladium (Ustilaginales). Pericladiaceae fam. nov". Mycologia Balcanica. 8 (2): 147–152.
  5. PMC 7451774
    .
  6. ^ a b c Steins L, Guerreiro MA, Duhamel M, Liu F, Wang QM, Boekhout T, Begerow D. Comparative genomics of smut fungi suggest the ability of meiosis and mating in asexual species of the genus Pseudozyma (Ustilaginales). BMC Genomics. 2023 Jun 13;24(1):321. doi: 10.1186/s12864-023-09387-1. PMID: 37312063; PMCID: PMC10262431
Bibliography
  • C.J. Alexopolous, Charles W. Mims, M. Blackwell et al., Introductory Mycology, 4th ed. (John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken NJ, 2004)