Uvalde County, Texas
Uvalde County | |
---|---|
UTC−5 (CDT) | |
Congressional district | 23rd |
Website | www |
Uvalde County (
History
Native Americans
Artifacts establish human habitation dating back to 7000 B.C. Evidence of a permanent Indian village on the Leona River at a place south of the Fort Inge site is indicated in the written accounts of Fernando del Bosque's exploration in 1675. Comanche, Tonkawa, Seminole and Lipan Apache continued hunting and raiding settlers into the 19th century.[4]
Early explorations
On January 9, 1790,
Early settlements
Fort Inge was established in 1849 to repress Indian depredations on the international border with Mexico, and was served by the Overland Southern Mail.
One of the first settlers to the environs was William Washington Arnett, who arrived in the winter of 1852. The Canyon de Ugalde Land Company, formed by land
County established and growth
In November 1855, Reading Wood Black successfully lobbied the Texas Legislature to organize Uvalde County.[citation needed] On May 12, the county was formally organized.[citation needed] On June 14, Encina was named county seat.[citation needed] The second floor of the courthouse was made into a school, and six school districts were organized for the county in 1858. The San Antonio-El Paso Mail route was extended along the county's main road with a stop at Fort Inge in 1857.[citation needed]
Conflict between
Residents of Uvalde County voted 76–16 against secession from the Union. The abandonment of Fort Inge immediately after secession was followed by renewed Indian attacks. Many men in Uvalde County fought for the Confederacy, while some Unionists fled to Mexico to avoid persecution.[10]
Uvalde County endured three decades of unrelenting lawlessness after the
The Uvalde Umpire began publication in 1878 and the Hesparian in 1879.[citation needed]
The Galveston, Harrisburg, and San Antonio Railway was built through the county, passing through Sabinal and Uvalde City, in 1881.[citation needed]
William M. Landrum introduced Angora goats to the area in the 1880s. By the turn of the century, goats outnumbered cattle.[citation needed]
Old West lawman Pat Garrett lived in the county from 1891 to 1900.[13]
By 1905 the Southern Pacific Railroad had established railheads in Uvalde, Knippa, and Sabinal.[citation needed]
The local bee industry developed a product that received first place in the 1900 Paris World's Fair.[citation needed]
Garner State Park built by the Civilian Conservation Corps and opened in 1941. Garner Army Air Field the same year.[citation needed]
The National Fish Hatchery, completed in 1937, produced a million catfish, largemouth bass and sunfish in the 1970s.[citation needed]
Approximately $45 million was generated by farming in Uvalde County in 1974.[citation needed]
In January 1989 Uvalde County withdrew from the Edwards Underground Water District.[citation needed]
In 1990 Uvalde County had a population of 23,340, with 60% identified as Hispanic.[citation needed]
Desegregation
From the Mexican Revolution in 1910, immigrant labor force cleared large tracts of land and dug ditches as irrigation spread throughout the county. The Uvalde and Northern Railway to Camp Wood, the Asphalt Beltway Railway in 1921, and the expansion of the asphalt mines in far southwestern Uvalde County at Blewett and Dabney were completed with the help of Mexican labor. By 1960 Mexican Americans made up one half of Uvalde County's 16,015 population. Seasonal migrant workers continued to move to Uvalde and Sabinal during the 1960s.[citation needed]
The
Efforts to gain civil rights for Hispanics in Uvalde County began with the establishment of the Tomas Valle Post of the American Legion.[citation needed] County churches maintained segregated places of worship until an integrated Catholic church emerged in Uvalde in 1965.[citation needed]
The
A 1970 class action lawsuit was filed by Genoveva Morales on behalf of her children against the Uvalde Consolidated Independent School District.[18]
In 1975, the
2017 church bus crash
On March 29, 2017, thirteen senior citizens from the First
Young, who worked on his father's ranch and at a golf course and had no criminal record, told a witness, "I'm sorry, I'm sorry," and said that he had been on his
2022 school shooting
On May 24, 2022, 19 children and two teachers were killed in a school shooting in Uvalde, Texas.[24] The shooter, Salvador Rolando Ramos, had shot his grandmother before driving to Robb Elementary School, where he entered the building without opposition. Local officers, believing the shooter to be barricaded safely inside the school, stood outside waiting for further instruction. Video shows local officers forcing parents behind police tape, pinning them down and threatening to tase them, preventing them from trying to save their children's lives.[25] After an hour, the killer was shot by BORTAC agents.[26]
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,559 square miles (4,040 km2), of which 1,552 square miles (4,020 km2) is land and 6.7 square miles (17 km2) (0.4%) is water.[27]
Major highways
Adjacent counties
- Real County (north)
- Bandera County (northeast)
- Medina County (east)
- Frio County (southeast)
- Zavala County (south)
- Maverick County (southwest)
- Kinney County (west)
- Edwards County (northwest)
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1860 | 506 | — | |
1870 | 851 | 68.2% | |
1880 | 2,541 | 198.6% | |
1890 | 3,804 | 49.7% | |
1900 | 4,647 | 22.2% | |
1910 | 11,233 | 141.7% | |
1920 | 10,769 | −4.1% | |
1930 | 12,945 | 20.2% | |
1940 | 13,246 | 2.3% | |
1950 | 16,015 | 20.9% | |
1960 | 16,814 | 5.0% | |
1970 | 17,348 | 3.2% | |
1980 | 22,441 | 29.4% | |
1990 | 23,340 | 4.0% | |
2000 | 25,926 | 11.1% | |
2010 | 26,405 | 1.8% | |
2020 | 24,564 | −7.0% | |
2021 (est.) | 24,729 | 0.7% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[28] 1850–2010[29] 2010–2020[1] |
Race | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|
White (NH)
|
7,666 | 6,613 | 29.03% | 26.92% |
Black or African American (NH)
|
110 | 107 | 0.42% | 0.44% |
Alaska Native (NH)
|
62 | 25 | 0.23% | 0.1% |
Asian (NH) | 116 | 158 | 0.44% | 0.64% |
Pacific Islander (NH) | 6 | 6 | 0.02% | 0.02% |
Some Other Race (NH) | 35 | 66 | 0.13% | 0.27% |
Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH) | 111 | 272 | 0.42% | 1.11% |
Hispanic or Latino | 18,299 | 17,317 | 69.3% | 70.5% |
Total | 26,405 | 24,564 |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 24,564 people, 8,921 households, and 6,206 families residing in the county.
As of the
There were 8,559 households, out of which 40.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.4% were married couples living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.4% were non-families. 19.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.42.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 31.4% under the age of 18, 9.80% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 20% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 95.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.70 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $27,164, and the median income for a family was $30,671. Males had a median income of $25,135 versus $16,486 for females. The
Communities
Cities
Census-designated places
Unincorporated community
Politics
Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
2020 | 6,174 | 59.69% | 4,073 | 39.38% | 97 | 0.94% |
2016 | 4,835 | 53.94% | 3,867 | 43.14% | 262 | 2.92% |
2012 | 4,529 | 53.69% | 3,825 | 45.35% | 81 | 0.96% |
2008 | 4,590 | 52.36% | 4,126 | 47.07% | 50 | 0.57% |
2004 | 5,148 | 60.69% | 3,298 | 38.88% | 37 | 0.44% |
2000 | 4,855 | 57.66% | 3,436 | 40.81% | 129 | 1.53% |
1996 | 3,494 | 47.65% | 3,397 | 46.32% | 442 | 6.03% |
1992 | 3,635 | 42.55% | 3,482 | 40.76% | 1,426 | 16.69% |
1988 | 4,266 | 53.32% | 3,684 | 46.04% | 51 | 0.64% |
1984 | 4,790 | 65.73% | 2,482 | 34.06% | 15 | 0.21% |
1980 | 3,887 | 61.06% | 2,402 | 37.73% | 77 | 1.21% |
1976 | 3,103 | 56.95% | 2,299 | 42.19% | 47 | 0.86% |
1972 | 3,883 | 72.89% | 1,438 | 26.99% | 6 | 0.11% |
1968 | 2,252 | 47.32% | 1,736 | 36.48% | 771 | 16.20% |
1964 | 1,963 | 45.38% | 2,358 | 54.51% | 5 | 0.12% |
1960 | 2,214 | 62.33% | 1,324 | 37.27% | 14 | 0.39% |
1956 | 2,449 | 70.72% | 994 | 28.70% | 20 | 0.58% |
1952 | 2,805 | 69.36% | 1,230 | 30.42% | 9 | 0.22% |
1948 | 866 | 34.03% | 1,550 | 60.90% | 129 | 5.07% |
1944 | 856 | 36.33% | 1,322 | 56.11% | 178 | 7.56% |
1940 | 556 | 22.85% | 1,871 | 76.90% | 6 | 0.25% |
1936 | 354 | 16.87% | 1,743 | 83.08% | 1 | 0.05% |
1932 | 422 | 19.30% | 1,759 | 80.47% | 5 | 0.23% |
1928 | 1,224 | 62.10% | 747 | 37.90% | 0 | 0.00% |
1924 | 351 | 20.47% | 1,312 | 76.50% | 52 | 3.03% |
1920 | 237 | 23.21% | 743 | 72.77% | 41 | 4.02% |
1916 | 92 | 11.03% | 728 | 87.29% | 14 | 1.68% |
1912 | 53 | 6.85% | 601 | 77.65% | 120 | 15.50% |
Education
School districts within the county include:[36]
- Knippa Independent School District
- Leakey Independent School District
- Nueces Canyon Consolidated Independent School District
- Sabinal Independent School District
- Utopia Independent School District
- Uvalde Consolidated Independent School District
Southwest Texas Junior College, the designated community college for the whole county under the Texas Education Code,[37] has a campus next to Uvalde on the site of Garner Field.[38] The Garner Field facility also houses a campus of Sul Ross State University.[39]
See also
- Reading Wood Black
- List of museums in South Texas
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Uvalde County, Texas
- Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks in Uvalde County
- Friedrich Armand Strubberg
Notes
References
- ^ a b "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 27, 2022.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ "Texas: Individual County Chronologies". Texas Atlas of Historical County Boundaries. The Newberry Library. 2008. Retrieved May 27, 2015.
- ^ Ochoa, Ruben E: Uvalde County from the Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved June 4, 2010. Texas State Historical Association
- ^ "Utopia, Texas". Texas Escapes – Blueprints For Travel, LLC. Retrieved April 30, 2010. Texas Escapes – Blueprints For Travel, LLC.
- ^ "A Guide to Reading Wood Black Papers". Texas Archival Resources Online. Retrieved April 30, 2010.
- ^ Albrecht, Theodore: Wilhelm Carl August Thielepape from the Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved June 4, 2010. Texas State Historical Association
- ^ "Uvalde, Texas". Texas Escapes – Blueprints For Travel, LLC. Retrieved April 30, 2010. Texas Escapes – Blueprints For Travel, LLC.
- ^ "History of Uvalde, Texas". City of Uvalde, TX. Retrieved April 30, 2010. City of Uvalde
- ^ "Uvalde Co Military". Uvalde Co TxGenWeb Project. Archived from the original on November 23, 2008. Retrieved June 4, 2010.
- ^ Adams, Paul: J King Fisher from the Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved 4 June 2010. Texas State Historical Association
- ^ Holm, Patricia: The Newton Boys from the Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved June 4, 2010. Texas State Historical Association
- ^ "Pat Garrett Historical Marker". Texas Historical Markers. Archived from the original on March 14, 2012. Retrieved April 30, 2010.
- ^ Alien Land Law from the Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved 4 June 2010. Texas State Historical Association
- ^ Santos, Alfredo Rodriguez (July–August 2009). "No Apologies, No Regrets" (PDF). La Voz de Austin: 10. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.
- ^ Acosta, Teresa Palomo: "Mexican American Youth Organization from the Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved June 4, 2010. Texas State Historical Association
- ^ "About Us". Uvalde Co, Tx. Retrieved June 4, 2010.
- ^ "Morales v Shannon". MALDEF. Retrieved June 4, 2010.
- ^ "Plaintiffs' Response in Opposition to Defendants' Motion to Dismiss: Morales v Shannon" (PDF). MALDEF. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 26, 2010. Retrieved June 4, 2010.
- ^ "Consent Order and Settlement Agreement: Morales v Shannon" (PDF). MALDEF. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 26, 2010. Retrieved June 4, 2010.
- ^ Rodriguez, Laura (September 16, 2008). "MALDEF Settles Historic School Desegregation Case". MALDEF.
- ^ "Speed a factor in deaths: It's not known if people on bus were using seat belts", San Antonio Express-News, March 31, 2017, pp. 1, A10.
- ^ Zeke McCormack, "Death Truck: Witness: Pickup driver said he was on phone", San Antonio Express-News, April 1, 2017, pp. 1, A8.
- ^ Osborne, Mark; Deliso, Meredith (May 24, 2022). "At least 19 children, 2 adults dead after shooting at Texas elementary school". ABC News. Archived from the original on May 24, 2022. Retrieved May 24, 2022.
- ^ "On scene commander decided not to try to breach classrooms in elementary school shooting". CNN Wire Service.
- ^ Chapman, Isabelle; Medina, Daniel A.; Chavez, Nicole; Andone, Dakin; Wolfe, Elizabeth (May 25, 2022). "Uvalde school shooter was in school for up to an hour before law enforcement broke into room where he was barricaded and killed him". CNN. Archived from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
- ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
- US Census Bureau.
- ^ "Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010" (PDF). Texas Almanac. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
- ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved May 20, 2022.
- ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved May 20, 2022.
- ^ https://www.census.gov/ [not specific enough to verify]
- ^ "About the Hispanic Population and its Origin". www.census.gov. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
- ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved April 9, 2018.
- ^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Uvalde County, TX" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved June 26, 2022. - Text list
- ^ Texas Education Code: Sec. 130.200. SOUTHWEST TEXAS JUNIOR COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA.
- ^ "Uvalde". Southwest Texas Junior College. Archived from the original on September 26, 2021. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
2401 Garner Field Road, Uvalde, TX 78801
- ^ "Uvalde Campus". Sul Ross State University. Archived from the original on May 27, 2022. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
Uvalde Campus 2623 Garner Field Road Uvalde, TX 7880
Further reading
- Welder, F.A. and R.D. Reeves. (1964). Geology and ground-water resources of Uvalde County, Texas [U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1584]. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.