Valentina Matviyenko

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Deputy Prime Minister of Russia
for Welfare
In office
24 September 1998 – 11 March 2003
Prime Minister
Preceded byPortfolio established
Succeeded byPortfolio abolished
Russian Ambassador to the Republic of Malta
In office
1991–1994
PresidentBoris Yeltsin
Preceded byVladimir Plechko
Succeeded byYevgeny Mikhailov
Personal details
Born
Valentina Ivanovna Tyutina

(1949-04-07) 7 April 1949 (age 74)
Kamianets-Podilskyi Oblast, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union (now Ukraine)
CitizenshipRussian
Political partyUnited Russia
Spouse
Vladimir Vasilyevich Matviyenko
(died 2018)
ChildrenSergey Matviyenko (b. 1973)
Alma materLeningrad Institute of Chemistry and Pharmaceutics
Occupation
  • Politician
  • Diplomat
ProfessionPharmacist
Signature

Valentina Ivanovna Matviyenko[a] (née Tyutina;[b] born 7 April 1949) is a Russian politician and diplomat serving as a Senator from Saint Petersburg and the Chairwoman of the Federation Council since 2011. Previously she was Governor of Saint Petersburg from 2003 to 2011.

Born in the

Russian President Vladimir Putin
, an alliance which secured her a victory in the gubernatorial elections in Saint Petersburg, Putin's native city.

Matviyenko became the first female

Hyundai Motor, Suzuki, Magna International, Scania, and MAN SE (all having plants in the Shushary industrial zone), thus turning the city into an important center of automotive industry in Russia, specializing in foreign brands. Another development of Matviyenko's governorship was tourism; by 2010 the number of tourists in Saint Petersburg doubled and reached 5.2 million, which placed the city among the top five tourist centers in Europe.[5][6]

Some actions and practices of Governor Matviyenko have drawn significant criticisms from the Saint Petersburg public, the media, and opposition groups. In particular, new construction in already heavily built-up areas and several building projects were deemed to conflict with the

2010–11. On 22 August 2011, soon after completion of the Saint Petersburg Dam, Matviyenko resigned from office. As a member of the ruling United Russia Party, on 21 September 2011, Matviyenko was elected as Chairwoman of the Federation Council,[citation needed
] the country's third-highest elected office.

Early life

Valentina Tyutina was born in Shepetivka in the Khmelnytskyi Oblast of Western Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union. In 1972, Matviyenko graduated from Leningrad Institute of Chemistry and Pharmaceutics, where she met her husband, Vladimir Vasilyevich Matviyenko. They had a son, Sergey, in 1973. Matviyenko held various leadership positions within the Komsomol organization until 1984.[2]

Early political career

Deputy Prime Minister Valentina Matviyenko signs joint documents in Greece on behalf of the Russian Federation while accompanying President Vladimir Putin.

Valentina Matviyenko graduated from the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Academy in 1985 and became a party official in Leningrad's municipal government. In 1984–1986, she was the First Secretary of the Krasnogvardeysky District Committee of the Party.[2] Matviyenko was elected as a people's deputy to the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union and headed the committee on women, family and children affairs.

Between 1991 and 1998, Matviyenko served in the diplomatic service and held diplomatic positions including posts of Russian ambassador to Malta (1991–1995) and Greece (1997–1998).[2] On 24 September 1998, Matviyenko was appointed Deputy Prime Minister of Russia for Welfare, and occupied this position until 2003.[2] In June 1999 she worked on the board of directors of the

ORT
TV channel.

On 3 February 2000, she was nominated for the presidency, but refused to contest. On 29 February 2000, she announced that she was considering running in the St. Petersburg governor elections to be held on 14 May, and on 10 March announced that she was indeed launching her campaign. However, on 4 April she claimed that Vladimir Putin had asked her to withdraw from the elections, and she did so on 5 April. On 11 March 2003, she left the Deputy PM position and was appointed presidential envoy to the Northwestern Federal District by Vladimir Putin.[7]

Governor of Saint Petersburg

Election

Gerhard Schroeder
and Valentina Matviyenko during the celebration of the 300th anniversary of Saint Petersburg in 2003.

On 24 June 2003, after Saint Petersburg governor

St. Petersburg Television shut down a range of analytical programmes on local politics, which was thought to be one of the factors in elections outcome.[8]

In the first round of elections held on 21 September 2003, Matviyenko came first with 48.61% of the vote, followed by

Confirmation in office

Vladimir Putin and Valentina Matviyenko in 2008.

In 2005, a new Russian federal law came into force whereby governors are proposed by the

Saint Petersburg Legislative Assembly
on 22 December 2006.

Public protests

On 3 March 2007, scores of participants of the

Saint Petersburg Legislative Assembly scheduled for 11 March, of criticising the city's perceived dynamic development and for allegedly receiving financial support from dubious sources.[10]
On 15 April 2007, the Dissenters' March took place in Saint Petersburg for the second time.

Assassination attempt

On 19 May 2007, the

.

City development

Budget and incomes

The Saint Petersburg Dam was completed when Matviyenko was in office. The dam is the last part of the Saint Petersburg Ring Road, with the longest sub-sea tunnel in Russia going below the dam's largest lock.

Matviyenko electoral promises included the transfer of a significant share of taxation money from the federal budget to the local one, which was supported by President Putin, a native of Saint Petersburg.

Political profile

New governor pledged her support for the idea of transferring some part of the capital's functions from Moscow to Saint Petersburg. The role of Saint Petersburg in

Petersburg – Channel 5, in October 2006 was licensed to broadcast nationwide again.[11]

Infrastructure

The construction of the Saint Petersburg Metro gained pace under Matviyenko. (Obvodny Kanal, the newest station, is shown).

Matviyenko developed a large number of

Line 5 of Saint Petersburg Metro
.

Industry

Several major auto-producing companies were drawn to Saint Petersburg or its vicinity, including

Hyundai Motor, Suzuki, Magna International, Scania and MAN SE (all having plants in Shushary
industrial zone).

Tourism

The celebration of the graduation from school, the Scarlet Sails, rose to a new scale under Matviyenko and began to be broadcast nationwide.

The city administration launched a number of programs aimed to increase the number of tourist arrivals (such as advertisement campaigns abroad) and to improve the tourist infrastructure in the city, including the construction of new hotels. Between 2003 and 2010, the number of tourists in Saint Petersburg doubled and reached 5.2 million, which placed the city among the top 5 tourist centers in Europe.[5][6]

Culture

The June celebration of the graduation from school, the Scarlet Sails (a part of the White Nights Festival), rose to a new scale under Matviyenko.

Criticism

Controversial construction projects

A collage showing how the controversial Okhta Center skyscraper would look beside the historic Smolny Cathedral by Bartolomeo Rastrelli.

The new construction in already heavily built-up areas was a point of continuous criticism during Matviyenko's governorship. Of especial note were a number of building projects deemed by many experts and conservative public to contradict the classical architecture of the city where the entire centre is UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Matviyenko supported the construction project of the Gazprom City business center (also called Okhta Center) including a 400-meter skyscraper holding the headquarters of some of Gazprom's subsidiaries on the right bank of the Neva River in the vicinity of the historic Smolny Cathedral. The current regulations forbidding construction buildings of more than 42 meters (48 with expert approval) were specially changed by the city administration for the project.

By the end of her governor service, Matviyenko more eagerly engaged in dialogue with the groups of the so-called gradozaschitniki (градозащитники, "city-defenders"). A number of controversial projects eventually were cancelled or modified. Notably, after an extensive public protest campaign, which lasted several years, and after the personal involvement of Russian President Dmitry Medvedev, the Okhta Center was relocated from Okhta to Lakhta suburb.

Other controversial projects include the

cocoon
. The project, however, was deemed too costly and too much out-of-line with the surrounding classical architecture, and the design was changed.

Snow cleaning problems

Matviyenko's handling of the cleaning of the city from snow during the unusually cold and snowy winters of 2009–2010 and 2010–2011, in the last two years of her governorship, drew criticism, especially from the automobile owners and drivers in the city. The authorities were unprepared for vast amounts of snow on the city streets, especially in the historical centre, and there was a lack of snow cleaning equipment.[12]

Accusations of corporate raiding

Businessman Vitaly Arkhangelsky accused Matviyenko of corporate raiding and corruption. According to him, Matviyenko is the real owner of the Bank Saint Petersburg that staged a corporate raid on the property of his company, OMG that included Vyborg Port and Western Terminal of Saint Petersburg port using falsified documents with Arkhangelsky's forged signature. The lawyers of Bank Saint Petersburg insist on exclusion materials of Matviyenko's involvement from the criminal case in London court.[clarification needed][13]

Chairwoman of the Federation Council

Matviyenko arrived in Brazil to attend the inauguration of the country's elected President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in January 2023
Matviyenko at the “Russia-Africa” parliamentary conference in Moscow on 20 March 2023
Matviyenko with Chinese President Xi Jinping in Beijing on 10 July 2023

On 22 August 2011, soon after completion of the Saint Petersburg Dam along with the Saint Petersburg Ring Road, Matviyenko resigned from the office of the governor of Saint Petersburg.[14] Georgy Poltavchenko was appointed as acting governor in her place. She was backed by President Dmitry Medvedev as a candidate to head the Federal Assembly or Upper House of the Russian Federation. The previous speaker of the Federation Council, Sergey Mironov, was recalled in May after criticising Matviyenko's handling of Saint Petersburg. The leader of A Just Russia party, Mironov was ousted by the majority United Russia and replaced by an acting speaker Aleksandr Torshin.[citation needed]

As a member of United Russia party, Matviyenko stood in a municipal election in August in order to have legal possibilities to attain the office in the Federation Council. She won the municipal election with more than 95% of the vote, despite having 18% approval rating in July,[15] for which she was criticized by the opposition.

Sanctions

Due to her role in the Crimean status referendum, Matviyenko became one of the first people put under executive sanctions by United States President Barack Obama. The sanctions freeze her assets in the US and ban her from entering the United States.[16] She was put on a sanction list by the United States and Canada on 17 March 2014, the European Union on 21 March 2014, Switzerland on 2 April 2014, Liechtenstein on 17 April 2014, Australia on 19 June 2014, and Ukraine on 16 October 2016.[17][18][19][20]

Sanctioned by the UK government in 2014 in relation to Russo-Ukrainian War.[21]

In response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, on 6 April 2022 the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the United States Department of the Treasury added Matviyenko to its list of persons sanctioned pursuant to Executive Order 14024.[22]

Family

Valentina Matviyenko has a son, Sergey (ru, born 5 May 1973), with her husband, Vladimir Vasilyevich Matviyenko. In May 2003, Sergey Matviyenko was appointed vice-president of the Bank Saint Petersburg.[23] Later he also became vice-president and first vice-president (2005) of Vneshtorgbank.[24] Sergey married Zara Mgoyan, a Russian pop singer of Armenian and Kurdish origin (b. 1983) on 30 April 2004, but they divorced a year later.[citation needed]

Honours and awards

Valentina Matviyenko (top left) on the 80th birthday of singer Lyudmila Zykina (center) in June 2009
Russia and the USSR
President of the Russian Federation
  • Diploma of the President of the Russian Federation (27 January 2010) – for active participation in the preparation and conduct of meetings of the State Council
  • Gratitude of the President of the Russian Federation (14 August 1995) – for active participation in the preparation and conduct of the 50th anniversary of Victory in Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945
  • Gratitude of the President of the Russian Federation (2 September 2008) – for active participation in preparing and conducting the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum and the meeting of heads of states – members of the Commonwealth of Independent States
Departmental awards
Awards of the Russian Federation
  • Badge of Honour "For services to St. Petersburg" (31 August 2011)
Foreign awards
Religious awards
Prizes
  • Prize of the Russian Federation in Science and Technology (2010)
Other Awards
  • Pushkin Medal (MAPRYAL, 2003) – "For outstanding services in the Russian language"

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Russian: Валентина Ивановна Матвиенко, IPA: [vəlʲɪnʲˈtʲinə ɪˈvanəvnə mətvʲɪˈjenkə]
    Ukrainian: Валентина Іванівна Матвієнко, romanizedValentyna Ivanivna Matviienko, IPA: [wɐlenˈtɪnɐ iˈwɑn⁽ʲ⁾iu̯nɐ mɐt⁽ʲ⁾wiˈjɛnko].
  2. ^ Russian: Тютина, IPA: [ˈtʲʉtʲɪnə]
    Ukrainian: Тютіна, romanized: Tiutina, IPA: [ˈtʲut⁽ʲ⁾inɐ].

References

  1. ^ Kovalev, Vladimir (16 October 2003). "Matviyenko Inaugurated With Pomp". The Moscow Times. Retrieved 11 April 2010.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Valentina Matvienko at petersburgcity.com
  3. ^
    RIAN
  4. ^ Marine facade Official website
  5. ^
    RIAN
  6. ^ a b "Petersburg among the top five tourist centers in Europe". Maris-spb.ru. Retrieved 22 September 2011.
  7. ^ Presidential decree on appointing Valentina Matviyenko presidential envoy to the Northwestern Federal District Archived 31 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
  8. ^ "The St. Petersburg Times – Top Stories – Fair-Play Proposal Gets No Support". Sptimes.ru. 12 August 2003. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2011.
  9. ^ "Putin ally leads Petersburg poll". BBC News. 22 September 2003.
  10. ^ "Anti-Kremlin protesters beaten by police". CNN. Archived from the original on 5 March 2007.
  11. ^ Channel 5 Official Website. About company (in Russian)
  12. ^ "БалтИнфо.ru – Новости Санкт-Петербурга. Лента новостей России, стран Балтии, мировые новости". baltinfo.ru.
  13. ^ "Лондонский суд вызвал спикера Совета Федераций России по обвинению в коррупции". Mediavector. 11 March 2014.
  14. ^ "Дмитрий Медведев подписал Указ "О досрочном прекращении полномочий губернатора Санкт-Петербурга"". kremlin.ru. 22 August 2011.
  15. ^ She's Number 3!, Foreign Policy
    About the activities and career of V. Matvienko – Petersburg poll, Levada Center Archived 7 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
  16. ^ Logiurato, Brett (17 March 2014). "Obama Just Announced Sanctions Against 7 Russian 'Cronies'". Business Insider. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
  17. ^ "Canadian Sanctions Related to Russia". Archived from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  18. ^ "Side-by-Side List of Sanctioned Russian and Ukrainian/Crimean Entities and Individuals" (PDF). Bryan Cave. 22 December 2014. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
  19. ^ Пороше́нко, Петро́ Олексі́йович (17 October 2016). УКАЗ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА УКРАЇНИ №467/2016: Про рішення Ради національної безпеки і оборони України від 16 вересня 2016 року "Про застосування персональних спеціальних економічних та інших обмежувальних заходів (санкцій)" [DECREE OF THE PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE No. 467/2016: On the decision of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine dated 16 September 2016 "On the application of personal special economic and other restrictive measures (sanctions)"]. President of Ukraine website (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 25 May 2018.
  20. ^ Пороше́нко, Петро́ Олексі́йович (17 October 2016). "Додаток 3 до рішення Ради національної безпеки і оборони України від 16 вересня 2016 року "Про застосування персональних спеціальних економічних та інших обмежувальних заходів (санкцій)" ЮРИДИЧНІ ОСОБИ, до яких застосовуються обмежувальні заходи (санкції)" [Annex 3 to the decision of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine from 16 September 2016 "On the Application of Personal special economic and other restrictive measures (sanctions)": ENTITIES, to which restrictive measures (sanctions) apply] (PDF) (in Ukrainian). p. 51 (#119 Ukrainian: Матвієнко Валентина Іванівна). Retrieved 25 May 2018.
  21. ^ "CONSOLIDATED LIST OF FINANCIAL SANCTIONS TARGETS IN THE UK" (PDF). Retrieved 16 April 2023.
  22. ^ Office of Foreign Assets Control. "Notice of OFAC Sanctions Actions." Published 2022-0418. 87 FR 23023
  23. ^ Банк "Санкт-Петербург" оказался в центре внимания. Бизнес присматривается к новому фавориту городской администрации – [Bank Saint Petersburg is in the spotlight. Business is eyeing a new favorite of the city administration –]. Delovoy Peterburg. 7 October 2003. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
  24. ^ Sergey Matviyenko biography at vedomosti.ru (in Russian)

External links

Political offices
Preceded by Presidential Envoy to the Northwestern Federal District
2003
Succeeded by
Preceded by Governor of Saint Petersburg
2003–2011
Succeeded by
Preceded by
Aleksander Torshin

Acting
Chairwoman of the
Federation Council of Russia

2011–present
Succeeded by
Incumbent