Valenzuela, Metro Manila
Valenzuela | |
---|---|
From top, left to right: Dr. Pio Valenzuela Museum, Arkong Bato, Valenzuela People's Park, San Diego de Alcala Parish Church, National Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima | |
Nickname(s): "Northern Gateway to Metropolitan Manila"; "The Vibrant City"; "The City of Discipline" | |
Motto(s): "Tayo na, Valenzuela!" "Valenzuela, May Disiplina" | |
Anthem: Himig Valenzuela Valenzuela Hymn | |
Location within the Philippines | |
Coordinates: 14°42′N 120°59′E / 14.7°N 120.98°E | |
Country | Philippines |
Region | National Capital Region |
Province | none |
District | 1st and 2nd district |
Founded | November 12, 1623[1][2] |
Cityhood and HUC | December 30, 1998[3] |
Founded by | Juan Taranco and Juan Monsód |
Named for | Pío Valenzuela |
Barangays | 33
(see NPC) |
• Representatives |
|
• City Council | Members |
• ZIP code | 1440–1448, 1469, 0550, 0560 |
PSGC | |
IDD : area code | +63 (0)02 |
Native languages | Tagalog |
Website | valenzuela |
Valenzuela (/ˌvælənzjuˈɛlə/, Tagalog: [ˌvalenˈswela]), officially the City of Valenzuela (Filipino: Lungsod ng Valenzuela), is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 714,978 people.[7]
It is the
Valenzuela was named after Pío Valenzuela, a physician and a member of the Katipunan, a secret society founded against the colonial government of Spain. The city, as a town, originally had the name Polo, initially formed in 1621 after separation from Meycauayan, Bulacan. The Battle of Malinta of the Philippine–American War was fought in Polo in 1899. In 1960, President Carlos P. Garcia ordered the split of Polo's southern barangays to form another town named as Valenzuela. The split was revoked by President Diosdado Macapagal in 1963 after political disagreements and the new merged town was named Valenzuela. The modern-day Valenzuela with its borders was chartered in 1998.
Toponymy
In
Before 1960, Valenzuela was formerly known as Polo, where Pío Valenzuela was born.[14] The name Polo was derived from the Tagalog term pulô, which means "island" or "islet", although the area was not an island itself. The town of Polo was entirely surrounded by the rivers, thus, creating an impression of itself being an island.[15]
History
Spanish colonial era
During the Spanish era, present-day Valenzuela, Obando and Novaliches (now in Quezon City) were parts of Bulacan. Areas now covered by Valenzuela included four haciendas (Malinta, Tala, Piedad, and Maysilo), small political settlements and a Spanish garrison.[16] These areas were known as Polo. The region was bounded by the Tullahan River on the south and streams of branching Río Grande de Pampanga on some areas.
When Manila became an archdiocese in 1595, regular friars who had already established permanent churches in
The construction of a parochial church dedicated to St.
A new pueblo was carved out of the northwestern area of Polo on May 14, 1753, by the orders of the Governor-General Francisco Jose de Obando y Solis, Marquis of Brindisi. The new town was named Obando in honor of the governor general, and was incorporated to Bulacan.[19]
In
In 1854, General Manuel Pavía y Lacy, Marquis de Novaliches, was named Governor-General of the Philippine Islands. He arrived in Manila with the task of establishing a penal colony where prisoners would be granted lands they would develop in exchange for their release. The colony was given the name Hacienda Tala since the once heavily forested area became identical to one where a star (“tala”) had fallen after clearing. This hacienda grew into a larger community that eventually merged with the haciendas of Malinta and Piedad in forming the independent town of Novaliches on January 26, 1856.[22] A new road from Polo to Novaliches opened and traversed the barrios of Mabolo, Pasolo, Rincon, Malinta, Masisan, Paso de Blas, Canumay and Bagbaguin.
In 1869, Filipino physician and patriot
The now-defunct Manila-Dagupan Railway opened in 1892 and traversed the barrios of Marulas, Caruhatan, Malinta, Dalandanan and Malanday, with the station being in Dalandanan.[24]
A constituted branch of the Katipunan was established in Polo on February 1, 1896.[25] The town joined other revolutionaries when the Philippine Revolution broke out on August 1896, while Valenzuela availed the amnesty offered by Spanish authorities few weeks later.[26] One of the notable battles in Polo occurred in sitios Bitik and Pasong Balite in Pugad Baboy, where the locals won under the command of General Tiburcio de León y Gregorio.[27] During the revolution, the Spanish massacred many residents, most of them in Malinta. Suspected revolutionaries were hanged and tortured to death. Many were forced to admit guilt or shout innocent names; others were shot without trial.[28]
American invasion era
The Americans imposed a military government when they acquire the Philippine islands from Spain as part of the peace treaty of the Spanish–American War. They appointed Pío Valenzuela as the first municipal president of (presidente municipal) on September 6, 1899, to suppress aggressive leadership in the area. He resigned in February 1901 to become the head of the military division and an election was held. Later that year, the government proclaimed Rufino Valenzuela, a relative of Pío as the second president and first elected municipal president of the town.[29]
When the
On October 8, 1903, the adjacent town of Obando merged with Polo by virtue of Act No. 932.[33] It was later separated from Polo effective August 10, 1907, by virtue of Act No. 1588 dated January 25, 1907.[34]
In 1910, a stone arch was built at its municipal boundary with Malabon, Rizal along Calle Real (modern-day Marcelo H. Del Pilar Street). In 1928, Manila North Road (Highway 3) opened and became the new gateway. The once-agricultural town slowly shifted to industrial. Businesses soon put up factories, the most famous of which is the Japanese venture Balintawak Beer Brewery that opened in 1938.
Japanese occupation era
The
The reign of terror climaxed on December 10, 1944. It was a day of mourning for the people of Polo and Obando when the Japanese massacred more than a hundred males in both towns. About 1:00 am on this day up to the setting of the sun cries could be heard from the municipal building when males were tortured to death. Mayor Feliciano Ponciano met the same fate when he died on a cruel death together with other municipal officials.[35]
When
The historical old bridge connecting northern and southern areas of the town was destroyed by the Japanese, thus separating Polo in two parts. The northern part was at once liberated by joint Filipino and American troops while the southern part, which includes the municipal center poblacion was still under the Japanese banner. The Japanese abandoned the town on February 11, 1945, when the combined troops were able to cross the river and took the town.
Philippine independence
In 1947, the Balintawak Beer Brewery was acquired by San Miguel Beer. The Spanish church was never rebuilt and only the belfry and the entrance arch remained. A new church was built perpendicular to the ruins of the old one.
On July 21, 1960, President
The division soon proved to be detrimental to economic growth in each town, so Bulacan
In 1967, mayor Ignacio Santiago Sr. purchased lots in Karuhatan in which the new municipal hall would be built. Misinterpretation of property surveys and tax appropriation issues sparked the debate on which barangay should the municipal hall be belonged to: Karuhatan, Malinta, or Maysan. To resolve the issue, Santiago ordered the creation of a new barangay which was called Poblacion II, a reference to the old Poblacion barangay.[38]
Incorporation of Metro Manila
On November 7, 1975, jurisdiction over Valenzuela was moved from the province of Bulacan to Metro Manila. Metro Manila was then headed by
In 1968, the North Diversion Road (now
Cityhood
The passage of the Local Government Code in 1991 provided local governments autonomy which has allowed them develop into self-reliant communities. On February 14, 1998, President
Contemporary
In 2002, President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo proclaimed July 11 every year as Valenzuela Day, which was an official holiday in the city that commemorates the birth date of Pío Valenzuela.[17] However, in 2008, the date of the city's charter day was transferred to February 14. Today, Valenzuela celebrates Valenzuela Day and Valenzuela Foundation Day on February 14 and November. 12 respectively[2][43]
On December 9, 2002, the National Capital Region Police Office announced that they have discovered the largest illegal drugs factory in the country within a Chinese-owned warehouse in Lawang Bato after a fire broke out in the building, achieving the largest methamphetamine drug bust at the time with over ₱2.2 billion worth of drugs seized.[44]
On May 13, 2015, a
Geography
Valenzuela is located at 14°40′58″N 120°58′1″E / 14.68278°N 120.96694°E and is about 14 kilometers (8.7 mi) north of country's capital, Manila. Manila Bay, the country's top port for trade and industry is located about 16.3 kilometers (10.1 mi) west of the city. Valenzuela is bordered in the north by the town of Obando and the city of Meycauayan in Bulacan, the city of Navotas in the west, Malabon in the south, and Quezon City and northern portion of Caloocan in the east.
The highest elevation point is 38 meters (125 ft) above sea level. Having a surface gradient of 0.55% and a gentle slope, hilly landscape is located in the industrial section of the city in Canumay. The average elevation point is 2 meters (6.6 ft) above sea level.[47]
Apart from the political borders set by the law, Valenzuela and Malabon is also separated by the 15-kilometer (9.3 mi) Tenejeros-Tullahan River or simply Tullahan River.[48] The river obtained its name from tulya or clam due to the abundance of such shellfish in the area.[49] Tullahan is a part of the Marilao-Meycauayan-Obando river system of central Luzon.[50] It is now considered biologically dead and one of the dirtiest river system in the world.[50][51] Tullahan riverbanks used to be lined with mangrove trees and rich with freshwater fish and crabs. Children used to play in the river before it was polluted by developing industries near it.[50]
In an effort to save the river, the
Increased climate variability, that is associated with global warming, has brought with it periods of heavy rainfall and high tides which in turn results in stagnant water which can stay in the area for up to 4 weeks due to insufficient drainage and improper solid waste disposal. People are often stranded inside their homes and are exposed to water-borne diseases such as dengue and leptospirosis. Better early warning systems are needed to manage the risk associated with increased rainfall.[53]
Administrative division
Valenzuela is composed of 33
In the national level, Valenzuela is divided into two congressional districts: the first legislative district which contains 24 barangays in the northern half of the city, while the second legislative district contains the remaining 9 barangays of the southern portion of the city. Unlike barangays, legislative districts has no political leader, but are represented by congressional representatives in the House of Representatives of the Philippines.
Barangay | District | Area (ha) | Population
(2020)[54] |
Density
(per ha) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Arkong Bato
|
1st | 34.40 | 11,358 | 290.814 |
Bagbaguin | 2nd | 159.10 | 15,195 | 86.55 |
Balangkas | 1st | 73.30 | 14,318 | 162.24 |
Bignay | 1st | 268.80 | 49,716 | 100.67 |
Bisig | 1st | 45.60 | 1,432 | 45.6 |
Canumay East | 1st | 217.30 | 14,657 | 57.35 |
Canumay West | 1st | 141.30 | 26,901 | 157.22 |
Coloong | 1st | 223.80 | 12,550 | 49.84 |
Dalandanan | 1st | 93.90 | 23,640 | 199.50 |
Gen. T. de Leon | 2nd | 366.90 | 95,809 | 243.77 |
Isla | 1st | 39.60 | 5,160 | 121.04 |
Karuhatan
|
2nd | 190.60 | 41,275 | 215.09 |
Lawang Bato
|
1st | 287.50 | 23,786 | 67.13 |
Lingunan | 1st | 115.90 | 24,088 | 183.06 |
Mabolo | 1st | 115.00 | 831 | 10.58 |
Malanday
|
1st | 295.60 | 19,060 | 60.72 |
Malinta | 1st | 174.10 | 52,107 | 277.98 |
Mapulang Lupa | 2nd | 140.80 | 30,360 | 194.28 |
Marulas | 2nd | 224.70 | 59,339 | 240.22 |
Maysan | 2nd | 253.30 | 23,081 | 95.91 |
Palasan | 1st | 15.60 | 6,598 | 390.32 |
Parada | 2nd | 34.40 | 21,001 | 432.97 |
Pariancillo Villa | 1st | 5.00 | 1,949 | 326.80 |
Paso de Blas | 2nd | 155.00 | 12,530 | 86.13 |
Pasolo | 1st | 79.50 | 8,150 | 80.44 |
Poblacion | 1st | 3.40 | 221 | 109.41 |
Polo | 1st | 5.20 | 1,126 | 212.12 |
Punturin | 1st | 162.20 | 24,437 | 129.04 |
Rincon | 1st | 24.40 | 6,940 | 270.61 |
Tagalag | 1st | 101.00 | 3,400 | 31.77 |
Ugong | 2nd | 307.20 | 55,949 | 136.14 |
Viente Reales | 1st | 192.90 | 24,399 | 118.97 |
Wawang Pulo | 1st | 27.80 | 4,070 | 126.47 |
Valenzuela | 4,575.10 | 714,978 | 135.61 |
Climate
Valenzuela | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Due to its location in Metro Manila, rainfall and climate in Valenzuela is almost similar to the country's capital Manila. The location of Valenzuela in the western side of the Philippines made
Its proximity to the equator tends to make its temperature to rise and fall into very small range: from as low as 20 °C (68 °F) to as high as 35 °C (95 °F), although humidity makes these warm to hot temperatures feel much hotter. The Köppen climate system classifies Valenzuela climate as a borderline tropical monsoon (Am) and tropical savanna (Aw) due to its location and precipitation characteristics. This means that the city has two pronounced seasons: dry and wet seasons.
Climate data for Valenzuela, Philippines | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.8 (85.6) |
30.7 (87.3) |
32.4 (90.3) |
33.9 (93.0) |
33.8 (92.8) |
32.2 (90.0) |
31.1 (88.0) |
30.6 (87.1) |
30.7 (87.3) |
31.0 (87.8) |
30.6 (87.1) |
29.9 (85.8) |
31.4 (88.5) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 25.6 (78.1) |
26.0 (78.8) |
27.4 (81.3) |
28.9 (84.0) |
29.2 (84.6) |
28.3 (82.9) |
27.5 (81.5) |
27.3 (81.1) |
27.3 (81.1) |
27.3 (81.1) |
26.8 (80.2) |
26.0 (78.8) |
27.3 (81.1) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 21.4 (70.5) |
21.4 (70.5) |
22.5 (72.5) |
23.9 (75.0) |
24.7 (76.5) |
24.5 (76.1) |
24.0 (75.2) |
24.0 (75.2) |
23.9 (75.0) |
23.6 (74.5) |
23 (73) |
22.2 (72.0) |
23.3 (73.8) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 18 (0.7) |
10 (0.4) |
13 (0.5) |
30 (1.2) |
159 (6.3) |
318 (12.5) |
477 (18.8) |
503 (19.8) |
369 (14.5) |
194 (7.6) |
140 (5.5) |
65 (2.6) |
2,296 (90.4) |
Source: en.climate-data.org[57] |
Ecology
The vegetation in Valenzuela was originally covered with grasslands suitable for agriculture. Because of rapid development of industries and economy, land use converts grass covers into cemented roads. However, the government put into efforts of preserving vegetation such as constructing community vegetable gardens and techno-demo farms all over the city. In 2003, these gardens numbered up to two functioning farms.[58]
Flora and fauna in Valenzuela includes the common plants and animals found in
In 2007, ordinary fishing ponds in Tagalag and Coloong were transformed into fishing spots which attracts anglers every year for a prize catch. Fish tournaments are held every year to increase tourism and livelihood in the area.[61]
In 2008, the Supreme Court of the Philippines mandated Regional Trial Court branch 171 as an environmental court handling all environment cases in Valenzuela.[62]
Thomas Hodge-Smith noted in 1939 that Valenzuela is rich of black tektites occurring in spheroidal and cylindrical shapes and are free of bubbles.[63]
Government
Local government
Like other
The city is geographically part of, but not politically related to, the third district of Metro Manila.
Elected officials
The incumbent mayor and vice mayor of the city are Weslie T. Gatchalian and Lorena C. Natividad-Borja, respectively.
Designation | First district | Second District |
---|---|---|
Representatives | *Wilfrido Mark M. Enverga Caretaker[4] (NPC) | PDP–Laban )
|
Mayor | Weslie T. Gatchalian (NPC) | |
Vice Mayor | Lorena C. Natividad-Borja (NPC) | |
Councilors | Marlon Paulo D. Alejandrino (NPC) | Gerald Cloyd D. Galang |
Ramon L. Encarnacion (NPC) | Niña Sheila B. Lopez (NPC) | |
Ricardo Ricarr C. Enriquez ( Lakas )
|
Roselle C. Sabino–Sy (NPC) | |
Cristina Marie M. Feliciano–Tan (PFP) | Louie P. Nolasco (NPC) | |
Joseph William D. Lee (NPC) | Christoffer Joseph M. Pineda (NPC) | |
Walter Magnum D. dela Cruz (NPC) | Chiqui Marie N. Carreon (NPC) | |
ABC President
|
Bienvenido T. Bartolome, Jr. (Bisig) | |
SK President | Exequiel D. Serrano (Coloong) |
Court system and police
The Supreme Court of the Philippines recognizes five regional trial courts and two metropolitan trial courts within Valenzuela that have an over-all jurisdiction in the populace of the city.
The Valenzuela City Police Station (VCPS) is one of the four city police stations in the Northern Police District under the jurisdiction of the Nation Capital Region Police office.[64] Today, there are more than 500 police officers working for the VCPS, which puts the police-residents ratio in the city at 1:16,000.[65]
In 2007, the Valenzuela City Peace and Order Council, of which the VCPS is a member, was hailed 2nd placer for the Best Peace and Order Council award that was conferred by the Department of the Interior and Local Government, the NCRPO, and the Manila Peace and Order Council.[65] In 2012, the VCPS was cited by the NCRPO for having the best Women and Children Protection Desk in the metro.[65]
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1903 | 8,183 | — |
1918 | 9,323 | +0.87% |
1939 | 13,468 | +1.77% |
1948 | 16,740 | +2.45% |
1960 | 41,473 | +7.85% |
1970 | 98,456 | +9.02% |
1975 | 150,605 | +8.90% |
1980 | 212,363 | +7.11% |
1990 | 340,227 | +4.83% |
1995 | 437,165 | +4.81% |
2000 | 485,433 | +2.27% |
2007 | 568,928 | +2.21% |
2010 | 575,356 | +0.41% |
2015 | 620,422 | +1.45% |
2020 | 714,978 | +2.83% |
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[66][67][68][69] |
The demonym of Valenzuela is Valenzuelano for males and Valenzuelana for females; it is sometimes spelled as Valenzuelaño.
Based on the 2020 census, Valenzuela has a total population of 714,978, the 7th most populous in the NCR and 13th in the Philippines. This is an increase of 7.8 percent from 575,356 people in 2010, at an annual growth rate of a 1.45%.[54][70]
The five most populous barangays are: Gen. T. de Leon (89,441), Marulas (53,978), Malinta (48,397), Ugong (41,821) and Karuhatan (40,996).[54]
Valenzuela City household population in 2010, on the other hand, is at 574,840.[71] Almost half, 50.2 per cent, are males. Females comprise 49.8 per cent of the population, with a total number of 286, 548. The city has a sex ratio of 101 males for every 100 females, the second highest ratio in the region, after Navotas, which has a sex ratio of 102 males per 100 females.[70] Seven out of ten Valenzuela residents, 66.7 per cent, belong to the working-age group, or those aged 15 to 64. The remaining 33.3 are aged 0 to below 15 and 65 and above, which are classified as the dependent age group.[71]
City population is expected to reach the 700,000-mark by mid-2022.[72]
Culture
"Himig Valenzuela"
"Himig Valenzuela",[73] or "Valenzuela Hymn", is the official song of the city.[74] It is sung during flag ceremonies of private and public schools as well as government institutions along with the Philippine national anthem, "Lupang Hinirang". The hymn was composed by Edwin Ortega which has the primary objective to promote unity, progress and patriotism among the city's citizens.[75]
City ordinance number 18 mandated all citizens of Valenzuela to sing the hymn in all meetings and public occasions.[75]
Before its adoption in 2008, Valenzuela has its official hymn during its time as municipality, from being part of Bulacan to Metro Manila, called "Bayang Valenzuela", composed by Igmidio M. Reyes and its lyrics by Dr. Eusebio S. Vibar. It is now abandoned its use as official hymn of this city. There is a video by Valenzuela City Cultural and Tourism Development Office, which is found on Facebook.[76]
Feasts and holidays
In 2007, President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo signed Republic Act No. 9428 which sets February 14 every year as a special non-working holiday to commemorate cityhood of Valenzuela in 1998.[77] On the same hand, November 12 each year is declared by the city government as the city's foundation day, looking back the establishment of then-Polo in 1623. There are misunderstandings before regarding the date of the actual foundation of the town, however, this date was decided by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines to be the town's creation, since Spanish colonizers adopted a town's patron saint feast day as its date of creation.[1][2]
Each barangay in Valenzuela have their own feast. Most of them launch celebrations during May and April to honor patron saints and bounty harvest. Every April 26, a
Mano Po, San Roque Festival is celebrated every May 12 in Mabolo. In Valenzuela,
The Feast of
Economy
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Owing to the cross-migration of people across the country and its location as the northernmost point of Metro Manila, Valenzuela has developed into a multicultural metropolis. A former agricultural rural area, Valenzuela has grown into a major economic and industrial center of the Philippines when a large number of industries relocated to the central parts of the city.[93]
Tourism
There are several attractions in Valenzuela that residents and visitors of the city can enjoy.
The Valenzuela City People's Park or simply People's Park, is an urban park located in a 1.3-hectare lot beside the city hall in barangay Karuhatan. There is an electronically controlled dancing fountain at the park entrance, an aero circle for zumba and other group exercises, garden, children's playground, zoological spaces where animals are displayed to the public, and a 400-seater amphitheater that can host a wide range of activities.[94]
Another facility in the city that boasts of a nature-centered open space and is free to the public is the Valenzuela City Family Park also in Karuhatan. There is a playground, interactive fountain, aviary, fitness machines, amphitheater, and a food park in the park. The park is also pet-friendly, bike-friendly, and accessible to persons with disability.[95]
One of the many initiatives of the city government to create greener spaces, Polo Mini Park was inaugurated on January 21, 2020, six months after the announcement of the rehabilitation of the historical old town square of Polo. The park is adorned with hundred-years old luscious trees, fountain, memorial marker commemorating war veterans and statues of Pío Valenzuela and José Rizal. The park signifies not only a place for relaxation but also marks the historical identity of the City.[96]
In English, Arkong Bato means "arch of stone" which was constructed and built by the Americans in 1910 to serve as borders between the provinces of Bulacan (where Valenzuela or Polo, as it was known before, belonged to) and
The Harry C. Egbert Memorial is located in Sitio Tangke Street in Malinta that serves as monument and memorial to
The Museo Valenzuela (English: Valenzuela Museum) was the house where Dr. Pío Valenzuela, in whose memory the old town of Polo was renamed, was born and saw the best years of his life. This same house was burned recently. Valenzuela's historical and cultural landmark, Museo Valenzuela features collections of artifacts depicting the city's past and continuing development.
The Libingan ng mga
The
Dr. Pío Valenzuela, who became part of the triumvirate of revolutionary society
The
Located at Malanday, the Hearts of Jesus and Mary Parish Church, was erected on October 17, 1994, to replace the Santo Cristo Chapel, and solemnly declared on June 24, 2001. The Church belongs to the Vicariate of St. Didacus of Alcala – Valenzuela City, Roman Catholic Diocese of Malolos.
The Valenzuela Astrodome is a large multi-purpose,
Dubbed as Valenzuela City's "best kept secret", the Tagalag Fishing Village lies beside a 1.3-kilometer (0.81 mi) boardwalk in Barangay Tagalag. Various activities are being offered in one of the newest attractions in the city such as recreational fishing, line fishing tutorials, bird watching, boating, photowalk, and sunset watching.[105]
-
Polo Mini Park
-
Valenzuela Family Park
-
Arkong Bato Park
-
San Diego de Alcala Church
-
Hearts of Jesus and Mary Parish Church
-
Tagalag Fishing Village
-
Valenzuela Family Park
-
Arkong Bato Monument and Park
-
Polo Park Valenzuela
Services
Education
The city collaborates with other institutions, government or private, to bring quality education among its citizens under the "WIN ang Edukasyon Program" (roughly means Education WIN
At the same time, WIN ang Edukasyon Program also spearheads the yearly training of some mathematics and English language teachers assigned to Grades 1 and 2 pupils.[110] The seminar focuses on how to enhance reading skills, language proficiency and mathematics of the students they are teaching through re-acquaintance with various drills and activities. This was done with the efforts of lecturers from Ateneo de Manila University and Bulacan State University using the approach developed by the UP Diliman's College of Education.[111][112]
The government owns
Valenzuela City Polytechnic College (VCPC) was allotted with additional Php 18M (or about US$420,000 as of April 2011) budget in 2009 from the city fund which will be used for expansion and upgrade of the college.[107][116]
There are also privately owned academic institutions including the Our Lady of Fatima University (OLFU). OLFU was previously granted by Commission on Higher Education an autonomy, which includes independence from monitoring and evaluation services by the Commission though still entitled by subsidies and other financial grants from the national government whenever possible. The autonomous status of the university was approved on March 11, 2009, and expired last March 30, 2014.[117]
Healthcare
There are numerous hospitals in Valenzuela like the city-run Valenzuela City Emergency Hospital and the Valenzuela Medical Center. There are also privately owned hospitals like Calalang General Hospital, Sanctissimo Rosario General Hospital and
The city implements VC Cares Program which is designed for individuals who are unable to provide healthcare and basic necessities for themselves or meet special emergency situations of need.[122] While health care service and financial assistance are generally the forms of assistance given, these may be supplemented by other forms of assistance, as well as problem-solving and referral services. Appropriate referrals may be made to other agencies or institutions where complementary services may be obtained.[123]
According to the 2002 Commission on Audit, the city reported accomplishment per health center ranging from as low as 42.26% to as high as 206% and vaccine utilization of 33% to 90% compared to normal 46% to 377% per basic requirements.[124]
There are swampy areas on Valenzuela and there is a stagnant water in
In September 2009, the Department of Health distributed free Olyset anti-dengue nets treated permethrin insecticide to Gen. T. de Leon High School. Over 150 rolls of the nets were given and installed to the windows of the said school, as part of DOH's "Dalaw sa Barangay: Aksyon Kontra Dengue" (Visit Barangay: Action against Dengue) campaign.[128]
Legal issues
In April, 2024, Wilbert T. Lee filed House Resolution No. 1674 to investigate the reported complaints against Allied Care Experts Medical Center - Malanday, Valenzuela. Richel Mae Pepito Alvaro, 26, and Lovery Magtangob, 28, “palit-ulo” scheme victims, filed complaints of serious and slight illegal detention with the Valenzuela City Prosecutor's Office against the hospital and several of its staff over unsettled hospital bills amounting to P518,519 and P777,378, respectively. "For Case No. 1, a slight illegal detention charge was filed. For Case No. 2, the victim was detained for three days so it will fall [under] serious illegal detention," Wes Gatchalian said.[129][130]
Shopping centers and utilities
On October 28, 2005,
Water supply for the city is supplied by the Metropolitan Water Works and Sewerage System (MWSS)' west concessionaire Maynilad Water Services, Inc. (MWSI).[134][135] As of 2006, the city has at least 68% water service coverage as determined by the Regulatory Office of the MWSS.[136][137] Each customer receives at least 7 psi water pressure, which means supply can reach for up to two floors for residential use.[138] Maynilad is owned and currently operated by DMCI Holdings, Inc.–Metro Pacific Investments Corporation (DMCI-MPIC).[139]
On June 2, 2010, the Sitero Francisco Memorial National High School in
Waste management
According to the 2002
In 1988, the city opened its first waste disposal facility, the Lingunan Controlled Dumpsite. Every year, the facility collects and processed only about 60% of the entire city's waste with landfilling and recycling services. The dumpsite uses rice hull ash as daily cover and odor control material for the waste collected in the area.[147] Lingunan Controlled Dumpsite also conducted some limited waste segregation and resource recovery operations prior to burial of residual waste.[147] In 2006, the controlled dumpsite was closed per MMDA order in 2003 and was subsequently converted into a sanitary landfill as directed by RA 9003.[144]
In statistics, 60% of the wastes collected in the city are collected, hauled and dumped in controlled dumpsites while 5% are retrieved and recycled and 35% are thrown everywhere in the city. Half of all these wastes are non-biodegradable wastes which include plastics, Styrofoams and rubbers alike, while the remaining are biodegradable wastes which is 70% food and kitchen wastes, 20% plant wastes and 10% animal wastes.[148] In 2002, there are about 30 small and big junkshops that collect recyclable materials and 20 schools that require their students to bring recyclable stuff as school project.[148]
The city spearheaded Metro Manila's implementation of full-pledged waste management program in 1999 when it became the first area in the region to allocate 2.8-hectare land in barangay Marulas, to serve an ecology center and location for the city's waste management program's operation center. Biodegradable wastes in this area are converted to fertilizers.[149] In 2004, the city government funded the repair of 29 garbage trucks and purchase of another 20 trucks that may increase the capacity of Waste Management Office to do full rounds of garbage every week.[150]
Justice management
In a joint study conducted by the Supreme Court of the Philippines and the United Nations Development Programme in July 2003 assessing inmate and institutional management among selected municipal and city jails in the National Capital Region, it was found that Valenzuela City Jail has a congestion rate of 170%. According to the study, the excess number of inmates in Metro Manila jails resulted into outbreak of various ailments such as psychiatric disorders, pulmonary tuberculosis and skin diseases. The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology recommends the implementation of release programs under applicable laws.[151]
The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) of Valenzuela is located along Valenzuela Hall of Justice in barangay Karuhatan.
Transportation
Expressways such as the North Luzon Expressway (NLEX) and NLEX Harbor Link project traverse through Valenzuela. Valenzuela is accessible to and from NLEX via Paso de Blas Interchange, formerly known as Malinta Exit (due to the road's direct access to barangay Malinta), at Km. 28. It also has exits towards barangays Lingunan and Lawang Bato. Meanwhile, the Harbor Link project, where Segments 8.1 and 9 are components of Circumferential Road 5, provides access to Valenzuela through its interchanges at MacArthur Highway (Karuhatan), Harbor Link Interchange with NLEX, and Mindanao Avenue in barangay Ugong, as well as exits towards barangays Parada and Gen. T. de Leon.[155][156]
Valenzuela is also connected to Bulacan through MacArthur Highway which ends at Bonifacio Monument in Caloocan.
One of the well-known bridges in Valenzuela is the Tullahan Bridge in barangay Marulas that connects the city to barangay Potrero in Malabon.[51] Tullahan bridge is part of MacArthur Highway that was built during the Spanish era as a way of transporting vehicles over Tullahan River. In the span of years, it was renovated repeatedly, most recent was in 2008, though defects on the bridge began to appear barely six months after it opened for public use.[157][158][159]
The city is webbed by hundreds of roads where 99.622% of them has a surface type of concrete while the remaining 0.378% were made of dirt.[160] The Department of Public Works and Highways recognizes nine national bridges in Valenzuela, listed below.[161] Other bridges are just minors that connect small cliffs and former landfill areas, like Malinta Bridge in barangay Malinta. City roads has an average road density of 1.155 kilometer of road per 100 square-kilometer of land area. Each road has an average road section of 155 sections and spans 54.267 kilometers (33.720 mi).[160]
The
There are no airports and ports in Valenzuela.
External relations
Valenzuela is
Country | Place | Region / State | Date |
---|---|---|---|
South Korea | Bucheon[162][163] | Gyeonggi
|
2006 |
Philippines | Santa Cruz[164] | Marinduque | 2008 |
Philippines | Narvacan[165] | Ilocos Sur | 2012 |
Philippines | Angeles[166]
|
Pampanga | 2012 |
Philippines | Altavas | Aklan | 2012 |
Philippines | Koronadal[167] | South Cotabato | 2012 |
Philippines | Bayugan | Agusan Del Sur | 2012 |
Philippines | Alabat | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Buenavista | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Calauag | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Candelaria | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Catanauan | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Dolores | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | General Nakar | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Guinayangan | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Gumaca | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Infanta | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Jomalig | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Lucban | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Macalelon | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Padre Burgos | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Pagbilao | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Perez | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Sampaloc | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | San Antonio | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | San Narciso | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Sariaya | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Unisan | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Taraka | Lanao Del Sur | 2012 |
Philippines | Malinao | Albay | 2012 |
Philippines | Quezon | Quezon | 2012 |
Philippines | Batangas | Batangas | 2012 |
Philippines | Luna | La Union | 2012 |
Philippines | Calapan | Oriental Mindoro | 2012 |
Philippines | Allen | Northern Samar | 2012 |
Philippines | Kananga | Leyte | 2012 |
Philippines | Navotas | Metro Manila | 2013 |
Philippines | Marilao | Bulacan | 2013 |
Philippines | Santa Maria | Laguna | 2013 |
Philippines | Mina | Iloilo | 2014 |
Philippines | Daet
|
Camarines Norte | 2014 |
Philippines | Mercedes | Camarines Norte | 2014 |
Philippines | Dumangas | Iloilo | 2014 |
Philippines | Cabatuan | Iloilo | 2014 |
Philippines | New Lucena | Iloilo | 2014 |
Philippines | Pambujan | Samar | 2014 |
Philippines | Lavezares
|
Northern Samar | 2014 |
Philippines | Sagay | Camiguin | 2014 |
Philippines | Hernani | Eastern Samar | 2014 |
Philippines | Jose Panganiban | Camarines Norte | 2014 |
Philippines | Vinzons | Camarines Norte | 2014 |
Philippines | Labo | Camarines Norte | 2014 |
Philippines | San Antonio | Nueva Ecija | 2014 |
Philippines | Legazpi | Albay | 2014 |
Philippines | Bustos | Bulacan | 2014 |
Philippines | San Vicente | Northern Samar | 2014 |
Philippines | Laoag | Ilocos Norte | 2015 |
Philippines | Urdaneta | Pangasinan | 2015 |
Philippines | San Fernando | La Union | 2015 |
Philippines | Panglima Sugala
|
Tawi-Tawi | 2015 |
Philippines | Goa | Camarines Sur | 2016 |
Philippines | Baliwag | Bulacan | 2016 |
Philippines | Cuenca | Batangas | 2016 |
Philippines | Natonin | Mountain Province | 2017 |
Philippines | Rizal | Cagayan | 2017 |
Philippines | San Mateo | Rizal | 2017 |
Philippines | Bulan | Sorsogon | 2018 |
Philippines | Capoocan
|
Leyte | 2018 |
Philippines | Oroquieta | Misamis Occidental | 2019 |
Philippines | Dao | Capiz | 2019 |
Philippines | La Paz | Abra | 2019 |
Philippines | Bongabong
|
Oriental Mindoro | 2019 |
Philippines | Pandan | Antique | 2020 |
Friendship links
Valenzuela has friendship links (with no formal constitution) with the following towns and cities. Agreements usually forged towards industrial, cultural or academic exchanges and understanding.
- Kauai, Hawaii, United States[169]
Notable people
- Atty. Santiago San Andres de Guzman, Municipal Mayor from 1988 to 1992
- Virgilio "Billy" Abarrientos, member of the Crispa Redmanizers
- Eugenio Angeles (1868-1977), former Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines from 1967 to 1968[170]
- Bobbit Carlos(born 1957), former mayor (1995-2004) and representative (2004-2007)
- Danilo Concepcion, former youth sector representative to the Interim Batasang Pambansa (1978-1984), former Vice President for Legal Affairs of University of the Philippines, Dean of UP College of Law since 2011, and concurrently President of the University of the Philippines since 2017
- Glaiza de Castro (born 1988), Filipina actress and singer
- Boyband PH
- Gerard "Gerry" Esplana (born 1966), former athlete (1993-2003), former member of Santa Lucia Realtors and Shell Turbo Chargers, and former city councilor (2004-2013)
- Franzen Fajardo (born 1982), actor, TV host, and former reality show contestant
- Florentino V. Floro Jr. (born 1953), former judge
- Rex Gatchalian (born 1979), former mayor (2013-2022), representative (2007-2013, 2022-2023) and Secretary of Social Welfare and Development since 2023
- Senator of the Philippinessince 2016
- Roberto "Bobby" Jose, member of the 1989 Petron Blaze Boosters Grand Slam team and was the PBAAll Star during his rookie year
- Charee Pineda (born 1990), actress and city councilor since 2013
- Ignacio Santiago Sr., former mayor (1956-1959 and 1964-1967) of Valenzuela, then governor of Bulacan from 1968 to 1986[171]
- Pablo Santiago Sr. (died 1998), film director and producer
- Randy Santiago (born 1960), actor, television host, singer, songwriter, producer, director and entrepreneur
- Raymart Santiago (born 1973), action star and comedian
- Guillermo S. Santos (1915-1991), former Associate Justice of the Supreme Court from 1977 to 1980[172]
- José Serapio, former mayor (1912-1917) and former governor of Bulacan (1900-1901)[173]
- Shalani Soledad (Shalani Soledad-Romulo) (born 1980), former city councilor (2004-2013) and TV personality
- Pío Valenzuela (1869-1956), physician, patriot, writer and member of the Katipunan society, namesake of Valenzuela
See also
- Geography of Manila
- Greater Manila Area
- Imperial Manila
- List of parks in Manila
- List of populated places in Metro Manila
- List of renamed cities and municipalities in the Philippines
- Mega Manila
- Public transport in Manila
- Transportation in Metro Manila
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Books
- Alvarez, Santiago V.; Carolina, Paula; Malay, S. (1992), The Katipunan and the Revolution: Memoirs of a General, ISBN 978-971-550-077-7
- Arenas, Mar D.J. (1997), Valenzuela: Ang Bayani at ang Bayan (in Tagalog), Museo Valenzuela Foundation, Inc. & Valenzuela Historical and Cultural Society
- Blair, Emma H.; James Alexander Robertson (1906), The Philippine Islands, 1493–1898, McCullough Printing Company
- Duka, C. (2008), Struggle for Freedom' 2008 Ed., ISBN 978-971-23-5045-0
- Landsberg, H.E. (1965), Advances in Geophysics, Volumes 1–11, ISBN 978-0-12-018811-6
- Minogue, Martin; Cariño, Ledivina V. (2006), Regulatory Governance in Developing Countries, ISBN 978-1-84542-612-5
- Sagmit (2007), The Filipino Moving Onward 5' 2007 Ed., ISBN 978-971-23-4154-0
- Tiongson, Nicanor (2004), The Women of Malolos, ISBN 978-971-550-467-6
- Zaide, Sonia; ISBN 978-971-642-064-7
External links
- Official website
- Philippine Standard Geographic Code
- Geographic data related to Valenzuela, Metro Manila at OpenStreetMap