Variety (botany)
In
Example
The pincushion cactus,
See also Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum
Definitions
The term is defined in different ways by different authors.[3] However, the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, while recognizing that the word "variety" is often used to denote "cultivar", does not accept this usage. Variety is defined in the code as follows: "Variety (varietas) the category in the botanical nomenclatural hierarchy between species and form (forma)". The code acknowledges the other usage as follows: "term used in some national and international legislation for a clearly distinguishable taxon below the rank of species; generally, in legislative texts, a term equivalent to cultivar. See also: cultivar and variety (varietas)".[4]
A variety will have an appearance distinct from other varieties, but will hybridize freely with those other varieties.[5]
Other nomenclature uses
- In UPOV Convention, "variety" or "plant variety" is a legal term.[citation needed]
- In morphs are used informally if needed, but are unregulated by the ICZN.[citation needed]
- The bacteriological nomenclature uses the term subspecies. Some names were published as "varieties" before 1992 but the terminology is now disallowed; names that were published as varieties are taken to be published as subspecies.[citation needed]
- In grape varieties" are in reality cultivars according to usage in the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants or "plant varieties" in the legal sense rather than botanical taxonomy varieties, since they are propagated by cuttings and have properties that are not stable under sexual reproduction. However, usage of the term variety is so entrenched in viticulture that a change to cultivar is unlikely.
See also
- Cultivar
- Hybrid (biology)
- Plant variety (law)
- Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act of 2001 (India)
- Race (biology)
- Subvariety
- Trinomial nomenclature
- Plant Landrace
References
- ^ "Article 4". International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. 2012.
4.1. If a greater number of ranks of taxa is desired, [...a]n organism may thus be assigned to taxa of the following ranks (in descending sequence): [... genus, ... species, subspecies,] variety (varietas), subvariety (subvarietas), form (forma), and [*subform|subforms*{8.21.06<sub-conformable, sub-conformer>}{6.4.18<sub-conform, sub-conforms><sub-conformal, sub-conformally, sub-conformable, sub-conformably, sub-conformant, sub-conformation, sub-conforming, sub-conformed, sub-conformer>}]. ... 4.3. Further ranks may also be intercalated or added, provided that confusion or error is not thereby introduced.
- HORTAX: Cultivated Plant Taxonomy Group, archived from the originalon 17 August 2016, retrieved 19 July 2016
- ^ Robert T. Clausen (1941). "On The Use Of The Terms "Subspecies" And "Variety"". Rhodora. 43 (509): 157–167.
- ^ Brickell et al 2016.
- ^ Salm et al 2015.
Bibliography
- Brickell, C.D.; Alexander, C.; Cubey, J.J.; David, J.C.; Hoffman, M.H.A.; Leslie, A.C.; Valéry Malécot; Jin, X. (2016), International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP or Cultivated Plant Code) incorporating the Rules and Recommendations for naming plants in cultivation, Ninth Edition, Adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences International Commission for the Nomenclature of Cultivated Plants (PDF), International Society for Horticultural Science, ISBN 978-94-6261-116-0
- Salm, Sarah; Allen, Deborah; Nester, Eugene; Anderson, Denise (2015). Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill Higher Education. ISBN 9780077730932.