Victor Ponta
Victor Ponta | |
---|---|
Prime Minister of Romania | |
In office 10 August 2015 – 5 November 2015 | |
President | Klaus Iohannis |
Deputy | Gabriel Oprea |
Preceded by | Gabriel Oprea (Acting) |
Succeeded by | Sorin Cîmpeanu (Acting) |
In office 9 July 2015 – 29 July 2015 | |
President | Klaus Iohannis |
Deputy | Gabriel Oprea |
Preceded by | Gabriel Oprea (Acting) |
Succeeded by | Gabriel Oprea (Acting) |
In office 7 May 2012 – 22 June 2015 | |
President | Traian Băsescu Crin Antonescu (Acting) Traian Băsescu Klaus Iohannis |
Deputy | Gabriel Oprea |
Preceded by | Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu |
Succeeded by | Gabriel Oprea (Acting) |
Member of the Chamber of Deputies | |
In office 17 December 2004 – 20 December 2020 | |
Minister of Parliamentary Relations | |
In office 22 December 2008 – 1 October 2009 | |
Prime Minister | Emil Boc |
Preceded by | Mihai Voicu |
Succeeded by | Sorina-Luminița Plăcintă (Acting) |
President of PRO Romania | |
Assumed office 3 September 2017 | |
President of the Social Democratic Party | |
In office 21 February 2010 – 12 July 2015× | |
Preceded by | Mircea Geoană |
Succeeded by | Rovana Plumb (Acting) |
President of the Social Democratic Youth | |
In office November 2002 – November 2006 | |
Personal details | |
Born | Victor-Viorel Ponta 20 September 1972 Bucharest, Romania |
Citizenship | Romania Serbia[1] |
Political party | PRO Romania (2017–present) European Democratic Party (2019–present) |
Other political affiliations | Social Democratic Party (until 2017) Social Liberal Union (2011–2014) |
Spouse(s) | Roxana Ponta (Before 2006) Daciana Sârbu (2006–present) |
Children | 3 |
Alma mater | University of Bucharest National Defence University |
Signature | |
Website | victorponta |
×Ponta was on leave between 24 June and 9 July 2015, during which time Rovana Plumb served as acting leader. | |
Victor Viorel Ponta (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈviktor ˈponta]; born 20 September 1972) is a Romanian jurist and politician, who served as Prime Minister of Romania between his appointment by President Traian Băsescu in May 2012 and his resignation in November 2015. A former member of the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and its leader from 2010 to 2015, he was also joint leader (2012–2014) of the then-governing Social Liberal Union (USL), an alliance with the National Liberal Party (PNL). Ponta was a member of the Romanian Chamber of Deputies for Gorj County from 2004 to 2020. In the Emil Boc cabinet, he was Minister-Delegate for Relations with Parliament from 2008 to 2009.
Ponta began his time as head of government with a victory for his alliance in
A finalist in the November 2014 presidential election, Ponta lost to PNL candidate Klaus Iohannis. The following month, the UDMR quit government, prompting Ponta to form a fourth cabinet, with the Conservative Party (PC) and the Liberal Reformist Party (PLR) as junior partners. The cabinet was in office for slightly less than a year, resigning in the wake of the Colectiv nightclub fire.
Life and career
Beginnings, election to parliament and ministerial post
According to Ponta, his family, originally called Ponte, originated in Trieste, now in Italy, and reached Transylvania around the turn of the 20th century in order to help build a road from Pecica to Nădlac commissioned by the Austro-Hungarian authorities.[2] He has also claimed ancestry from the village of Moscopole located in Albania,[3] accounting for the Aromanian descent on his maternal side.[4] Victor Ponta was born in Bucharest, completing secondary studies in 1991 at the city's Ion Neculce High School. In 1995, he graduated from the University of Bucharest's Law faculty. He received a degree from the Carol I National Defence University in 2002, and in 2003 received a doctorate in Criminal Law from the University of Bucharest and a master's degree in Political Management from the Social Democratic Institute.[5] He has written several books in his field, including one on the International Criminal Court, the subject of his doctoral thesis. Between 1996 and 1998, and since 2002, he has taught Criminal Law at the Romanian-American University. From 1995 to 1998, Ponta worked as a prosecutor handling cases at the Sector 1 courthouse. From 1998 to 2001, he was a prosecutor at the Supreme Court of Justice in the anti-corruption division, in particular dealing with economic and financial crimes. From 2000 to 2001, he coordinated the Bureau for Combating Money Laundering.[5]
In April 2002,
From 2001 to 2004, Ponta held the rank of Secretary of State as head of the government's Control Department.
Upon winning confirmation, Ponta pledged to reduce the number of emergency ordinances issued by the government and to assist Parliament in exercising control over the cabinet.[13] Among his activities was to help steer a new civil and penal code through Parliament.[14] Among the more controversial provisions in these codes that Ponta defended (both as minister and as head of the parliamentary committee drafting the legislation) were one presuming that any defensive act done at night at home would be considered legitimate self-defence;[15] and one banning therapeutic abortions after the 24th week of pregnancy, which received sharp criticism from several NGOs.[16] Ponta, nicknamed "Little Titulescu" by Năstase,[17][18] has been known to criticise both members of his own party, commenting that then-mayor of Sector 5 Marian Vanghelie (known for his gaffes) "is such a philosopher that not even I can understand him";[19] and of the PDL, remarking, after the two parties had entered a governing coalition, that his Gorj County parliamentary colleagues are "parrots, liars and dimwits".[20] Together with his PSD colleagues, Ponta resigned from the cabinet on 1 October 2009, in protest at the dismissal of vice prime minister and Interior Minister Dan Nica.[21]
Social Democratic leadership
In February 2010, he was elected PSD president at a party congress, defeating incumbent Mircea Geoană, who had narrowly lost a bid to become President of Romania several months earlier.[22] The feud between Geoană and Ponta continued beyond the latter's election as party leader; for instance, six months later, Ponta alleged that "moguls" such as Sorin Ovidiu Vântu had total control over PSD decision-making during Geoană's tenure,[23] a charge the latter denied and attributed to a hidden desire of Ponta's to see him ejected from the post of Senate President.[24] In November 2011, Ponta led a successful effort to remove Geoană both from the PSD and from the Senate leadership.[25][26]
In February 2011, he and
As Prime Minister
Appointment and early moves
In April 2012, after the government of
In the opening weeks of his mandate, Ponta became involved in several controversies. His government transferred oversight of the
Plagiarism controversy
A month into his term as premier, an article published in
Another committee, subordinated to the Education Ministry, later found that Ponta did not commit plagiarism.[44] A third committee, convoked by the University of Bucharest and consisting of ten members, each from a different department, unanimously found that Ponta had indeed deliberately plagiarized at least a third of his thesis. Ponta replied that the committee was an "ad-hoc" one designed especially for him, and that the decision was a "political" one.[45][46][47][48] In August 2012, three individuals filed suit against Ponta, asking prosecutors to open a legal case against him for intellectual fraud. The latter opted against proceeding, the former appealed, and in March 2014, the High Court of Cassation and Justice rejected their appeal.[49] In December 2014, citing the controversy surrounding his thesis, asked that the University of Bucharest withdraw his doctoral title. The university responded that it would comply with his request.[50] Later that month, his government adopted an ordinance allowing individuals to renounce academic diplomas and titles;[51] the move was criticized by the student federation ANOSR.[52] In summer 2016, a revamped committee decided, with 34 votes in favor and one abstention, that Ponta did indeed plagiarize his thesis, prompting Education Minister Mircea Dumitru to sign an order withdrawing his title of doctor.[53]
Until the controversy began and his official curriculum vitae was modified, he claimed in the document to have received a master's degree in International Criminal Law from the University of Catania in 2000. That institution's rector replied to an enquiry by stating an internal verification had revealed Ponta was never at the University of Catania. In turn, Ponta stated that he took a course there and received a diploma.[54]
Political crisis and parliamentary election
Beginning in July 2012, Ponta found himself at the heart of
Following the USL victory at the
Presidential candidacy, aftermath and resignation
In late July 2014, Ponta launched his candidacy for the upcoming presidential race, at the same time beginning to attack his chief rival, Iohannis.[68] He placed first in the election's first round, with 40.4% of the vote, and faced Iohannis in the runoff.[69] In the second round, he was defeated by Iohannis on a 54.5%-45.5% margin.[70] Reportedly, an important factor in his defeat was the poor organization of the election's first round among the Romanian diaspora. This voting bloc and its domestic sympathizers were galvanized to turn out against Ponta in the second round.[71] The following month, the UDMR quit the government, and Ponta subsequently formed his fourth cabinet, in which he also included two ministers apiece from the PC and the Liberal Reformist Party (PLR).[72]
In June 2015, the DNA opened a criminal investigation against Ponta, alleging forgery, complicity in tax evasion and money laundering allegedly committed while he was a lawyer; and a conflict of interest for naming former business associate
In late October 2015, a
Comeback effort
In May 2018, the High Court acquitted Ponta of corruption charges dating back to his work as a lawyer in 2007–2008.[88] Later that month, he announced that 11 members of parliament were part of the PRO Romania, a political party which he had launched the previous September. Introducing the new party, he described it as a center-left one, aimed at replacing the country's "mediocre, uncultured and incapable" elites with competent professionals.[89][90]
In the
Personal life
Ponta and his first wife Roxana, a high school sweetheart,
Ponta is the winner of the 1989 youth national championship in basketball, where he played for
Publications
- Scurt istoric al justiției penale internaționale, R. A. Monitorul Oficial, Bucharest, 2001
- Drept Penal – Partea generală. Note de curs, Ed. Lumina Lex, Bucharest, 2004
- Curtea Penală Internațională, Ed. Lumina Lex, Bucharest, 2004
- Noi provocări ale secolului XXI – Constituția europeană. Importanță, efecte și natură juridică, Ed. Arhiepiscopia Tomisului, 2005, Constanța
- Drept penal. Partea generală, Ed. Hamangiu, Bucharest, 2006
Electoral history
Presidential elections
Election | Affiliation | First round | Second round | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | Percentage | Position | Votes | Percentage | Position | ||
2014 | PSD-UNPR-PC Alliance | 3,836,093 | 40.4% |
1st | 5,264,383 | 45.6% |
2nd |
See also
References
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- ^ (in Romanian) Marius Diaconescu, "Cine sunt aromânii?" ("Who Are the Aromanians?"), Historia, May 2014; retrieved 28 November 2014
- ^ a b c d e (in Romanian) Profile at the Romanian Government site; retrieved 22 June 2009
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