Video camera

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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.

A video camera is an

film. Video cameras were initially developed for the television
industry but have since become widely used for a variety of other purposes.

Video cameras are used primarily in two modes. The first, characteristic of much early broadcasting, is

hard disk, and then flash memory. Recorded video is used in television production, and more often surveillance
and monitoring tasks in which unattended recording of a situation is required for later analysis.

Types and uses

Modern video cameras have numerous designs and use:

History

The earliest video cameras were based on the mechanical

image sensors such as the charge-coupled device (CCD) and later CMOS active-pixel sensor (CMOS sensor) eliminated common problems with tube technologies such as image burn-in and streaking and made digital video workflow
practical, since the output of the sensor is digital so it does not need conversion from analog.

The basis for

MOS capacitor technology.[1] The NMOS active-pixel sensor was later invented at Olympus in 1985,[4][5][6] which led to the development of the CMOS active-pixel sensor at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in 1993.[7][5]

Practical digital video cameras were also enabled by advances in

video coding standards introduced from 1988 onwards.[9]

The transition to

digital cameras
.

With the advent of digital video capture, the distinction between professional video cameras and movie cameras has disappeared as the intermittent mechanism has become the same. Nowadays, mid-range cameras exclusively used for television and other work (except movies) are termed professional video cameras.

Recording media

Early video could not be directly recorded.[11] The first somewhat successful attempt to directly record video was in 1927 with John Logie Baird’s disc based Phonovision.[11] The discs were unplayable with the technology of the time although later advances allowed the video to be recovered in the 1980s.[11] The first experiments with using tape to record a video signal took place in 1951.[12] The first commercially released system was Quadruplex videotape produced by Ampex in 1956.[12] Two years later Ampex introduced a system capable of recording colour video.[12] The first recording systems designed to be mobile (and thus usable outside the studio) were the Portapak systems starting with the Sony DV-2400 in 1967.[13] This was followed in 1981 by the Betacam system where the tape recorder was built into the camera making a camcorder.[13]

Lens mounts

While some video cameras have built in lenses others use interchangeable lenses connected via a range of mounts. Some like

Canon EF and Sony E come from still photography.[14] A further set of mounts like S-mount
exist for applications like CCTV.

See also

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 978-3-319-49088-5
    .
  2. ^ "1960: Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) Transistor Demonstrated". The Silicon Engine. Computer History Museum. Retrieved August 31, 2019.
  3. ISBN 978-0-8194-3698-6
    .
  4. S2CID 108450116
    .
  5. ^
    S2CID 10556755
    .
  6. S2CID 18831792. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on 9 March 2019. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
  7. doi:10.1109/JEDS.2014.2306412
    .
  8. ^
    ISBN 978-3-319-14166-4
    .
  9. ^
    ISBN 978-3-540-71169-8
    .
  10. doi:10.1016/1051-2004(91)90086-Z
    .
  11. ^ a b c "'Phonovision': 1927-28 « the Dawn of TV".
  12. ^ a b c Marsh, Alex (27 July 2017). "A History of Videotape, Part 1". Bitstreams. Duke University. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  13. ^
    ISBN 978-0-472-05137-3
    .
  14. ^ Rhodes, Phil (4 February 2018). "The RedShark Guide to Lens Mounts". RedShark. Retrieved 3 March 2022.

External links

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