Villa Pojana

45°17′09″N 11°29′55″E / 45.285712°N 11.498501°E / 45.285712; 11.498501

Villa Pojana or Poiana, is a patrician villa in Pojana Maggiore, a town of the Province of Vicenza in the Veneto region of Italy. It was designed by the Italian Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio. It is conserved as part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto".

History

The Villa Pojana was built in the years 1548–1549 for Bonifacio Pojana, a member of the Pojana family who had been local landowners for centuries. Bonifacio's military background is expressed on the one hand by the severity and austere purity of the architecture^[1] and on the other hand by the decorative programme described below.

Architecture

Palladio's design was inspired by ancient

). At each side of the central hall, secondary rooms extend, each with a different type of vault. Villa Pojana remains one of the most curious examples of , stripped classical features, and statues that depict both military and agricultural deities.

• 
  Floor plan from I quattro libri dell'architettura (1570)
• 
  Cross section (drawing by Ottavio Bertotti Scamozzi, 1778)

Decorative details

Palladio himself documented the interior decorations as being by Bernardino India, Anselmo Canera, and Bartolomeo Ridolfi.^[3] Canera and India were both painters of the frescos (India of the grotesques), while Ridolfi was a decorator and sculptor, responsible for stuccos and all fireplaces.

In the atrium, elegant stucco frames, whose floral designs entwine around trompe-l'œil reliefs, enclose monochromes of river gods, while here and there appear patches of sky populated with other deities. The bust of Bonifacio Pojana looks down from over the main entrance, and above him are the family's coat of arms and military trophies. Other decorations depict Pompeian scenes with the backgrounds and landscapes strewn with picturesque ruins and broken columns, whilst monochromatic figures of warriors stand watch in the trompe-l'œil niches. The frescoed ceiling, with the allegory of Fortuna, is attributed to Giovanni Battista Zelotti.

The most significant fresco can be found in the central hall: called the Emperors' Salon it shows a family from classical times, dressed in tunics and togas. They kneel in front of an altar whilst the pater familias extinguishes the torch of war at the feet of the statue of Peace which stands on the altar. It is a clear allusion to the peace painfully achieved in the sixteenth century after the War of the League of Cambrai which allowed Venetians to enjoy the delights of the terra firma.^[4]

• 
  The atrium ceiling fresco, with the allegory of Fortuna attributed to Giovanni Battista Zelotti
• 
  The

  serliana

  of the atrium, with the family's coat of arms and military trophies.
• 
  Decorations on the ceiling of the Emperors' Salon (frescos by Anselmo Canera and grotesques by Bernardino India)

See also

• Palladian Villas of the Veneto
• Palazzo Pojana, Vicenza

References