Tissue tropism

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Tissue tropism is the range of cells and tissues of a

Some bacteria and viruses have a broad tissue tropism and can infect many types of cells and tissues.[1] Other viruses may infect primarily a single tissue.^[1] For example, rabies virus affects primarily neuronal tissue.

Influencing factors

Factors influencing viral tissue tropism include:

• The presence of cellular
  receptors
  permitting viral entry.
• Availability of transcription factors involved in viral replication.
• The molecular nature of the viral tropogen or virus surface, such as the glycoprotein, which interacts with the corresponding cell receptor.

The cellular

are like keys, allowing the viral cell to fuse with or attach itself to a cell. The way that these proteins are acquired is through a similar process to that of an infection cycle.

How 'tropic' tissue is acquired

Tissue tropism develops in the following stages:

• Virus with GPX enters body (where GP - glycoprotein and X is the numeric value given to the GP)
• Viral cell "targets" cell with a GPX
  receptors
• Viral cell fuses with the host cell and inserts its contents into the host cell
• Reverse
  transcription
  occurs
• Viral DNA is incorporated with host DNA via viral enzyme
• Production of RNA and viral protein
• Viral particle is assembled
• Viral particle buds out of the cell, taking a chunk of the cell membrane with it and acquiring a new tissue with all the
  receptors
  it needs to continue tissue tropism

Example: HIV has a gp120, which is precisely what the CD4 marker is on the surface of the

See also

• Endothelial cell tropism
• Host tropism

References

Look up tropism in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.