Virginia's 10th congressional district

Coordinates: 39°04′33″N 77°51′24″W / 39.07583°N 77.85667°W / 39.07583; -77.85667
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Virginia's 10th congressional district
Map
Interactive map of district boundaries since 2023
Representative
  Jennifer Wexton
DLeesburg
Distribution
  • 85.53% urban[1]
  • 14.47% rural
Population (2022)805,988[2]
Median household
income
$152,685[2]
Ethnicity
Cook PVID+6[3]
Virginia's 10th congressional district from January 3, 2023

Virginia's 10th congressional district is a U.S. congressional district in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is represented by Democrat Jennifer Wexton, who was first elected in 2018.[4]

Geography

The district includes all of Rappahannock County, Fauquier County, and Loudoun County, parts of Fairfax County and Prince William County, as well as the independent cities of Manassas and Manassas Park.[5] The district closely matches Virginia's voting patterns in statewide races.[citation needed]

History

Beginning when it was re-created in 1952, the 10th district was in Republican hands for 60 of 66 years, including long stints in office by Joel Broyhill (1953–74) and Frank Wolf (1981–2014). Barbara Comstock, a former aide to Wolf, succeeded him after the 2014 election.[6] Wexton defeated Comstock in the 2018 midterms, becoming only the second Democrat to win the district.[citation needed]

The modern 10th congressional district was formed in 1952. For the next two decades, it consisted of Arlington, Alexandria, and most of Fairfax County. As a result of redistricting following the 1970 census, it lost Alexandria and was pushed westward to take in Loudoun County. Virginia's 10th congressional district used to be a Republican stronghold, having once voted by double-digit margins for Republican candidates. In 2000, ten-term incumbent Republican Congressman Frank Wolf won over 80% of the vote and did not face a Democratic opponent. Two years later, Wolf defeated his Democratic challenger John Stevens by 43 points. In 2004, President George W. Bush won the district by 11 points. In recent years, the district has become much friendlier to Democrats due to population growth in the Washington, D.C. suburbs. In 2012, Mitt Romney narrowly carried the district by a point, while in 2016, Hillary Clinton won the district by 10 points.[citation needed]

In 2017, Democrats scored major gains in the state legislative elections, leaving Comstock as the only elected Republican above the county level in much of the district. Ralph Northam also easily carried the district in the gubernatorial race. This proved to be a precursor to Comstock's defeat by Wexton a year later. As of 2022, VA-10 is the third-wealthiest congressional district in the country, with a median household income of $140,889.[7]

Demographics

According to

Larry Sabato's Crystal Ball, as of 2016, the district had many "wealthy and highly-educated voters".[8] As of 2018, whites represented about 61% of the population, and immigrants (largely Hispanic and Asian) represented over 20%. Just over half of adults held at least a four-year college degree.[9]

As of 2018, the 10th district had 35,500 federal workers. By comparison,

Dulles Airport and technology, telecom and aerospace companies including Verizon Business Global LLC and Aeronautical Systems Inc.[11]

Election results from statewide races

Election results from statewide races
Year Office Results
1992 President Bush 50%–33%[12]
1996 President Dole 54%–38%[citation needed]
Senator
Warner 60%–40%[citation needed]
1997 Governor Gilmore 62%–37%[citation needed]
Lieutenant Governor Hager 59%–37%[citation needed]
Attorney General Earley 62%–38%[citation needed]
2000 President Bush 56%–41%[13]
Senator
Allen 59%–41%[citation needed
]
2001
Governor
Earley 54%–45%[citation needed]
Lieutenant Governor
Katzen 57%–41%[citation needed
]
Attorney General
Kilgore 65%–35%[citation needed
]
2004 President Bush 55%–44%[13]
2008 President Obama 51%–48%[14]
2012 President Romney 50%–49%[15]
2013
Governor
Cuccinelli 48%–47%–5%[16]
Lieutenant Governor
Northam 52%–48%[17]
Attorney General
Obenshain 50%–50%[18]
2014
Senator
Gillespie 52%–46%[19]
2016 President Clinton 52%–42%[20]
2017
Governor
Northam 57%–43%[21]
Lieutenant Governor
Fairfax 54%–46%
2018
Senator
Kaine 60%–38%[22]
2020 President Biden 58%–39%[23]
2021 Governor McAuliffe 52%–47%

Recent election results

1970s

1970 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[24]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Joel T. Broyhill
(incumbent)
67,468 54.53
Democratic
Harold O. Miller 56,255 45.47
Total votes 123,723 100.00
Republican
hold
1972 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[25]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Joel T. Broyhill
(incumbent)
101,138 56.26
Democratic
Harold O. Miller 78,638 43.74
Write-ins 2 <0.01
Total votes 179,778 100.00
Republican
hold
1974 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[26]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic
Joseph L. Fisher 67,184 53.62
Republican
Joel T. Broyhill
(incumbent)
56,649 45.21
Independent
Francis J. Speh 1,465 1.17
Write-ins 6 <0.01
Total votes 125,304 100.00
Republican
1976 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[27]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic
Joseph L. Fisher (incumbent) 103,689 54.72
Republican
Vincent F. Callahan Jr. 73,616 38.85
Independent
E. Stanley Rittenhouse 12,124 6.40
Write-ins 60 0.03
Total votes 189,489 100.00
Democratic
hold
1978 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[28]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic
Joseph L. Fisher (incumbent) 70,892 53.35
Republican
Frank Wolf 61,981 46.64
Write-ins 9 0.01
Total votes 132,882 100.00
Democratic
hold

1980s

1980 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf 110,840 51.14
Democratic
Joseph L. Fisher (incumbent) 105,883 48.85
Write-ins 21 0.01
Total votes 216,744 100.00
Democratic
1982 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[30]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 86,506 52.74
Democratic
Ira M. Lechner 75,361 45.94
Independent
Scott R. Bowden 2,162 1.32
Write-ins 6 <0.01
Total votes 164,035 100.00
Republican
hold
1984 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[31]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 158,528 62.50
Democratic
John P. Flannery II 95,074 37.49
Write-ins 23 <0.01
Total votes 253,625 100.00
Republican
hold
1986 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[32]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 95,724 60.20
Democratic
John G. Milliken 63,292 39.80
Write-ins 7 <0.01
Total votes 159,023 100.00
Republican
hold
1988 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[33]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 188,550 68.09
Democratic
Bob L. Weinberg 88,284 31.88
Write-ins 74 0.03
Total votes 276,908 100.00
Republican
hold

1990s

1990 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[34]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 103,761 61.46
Democratic
N. MacKenzie Canter III 57,249 33.91
Independent
Barbara S. Minnich 5,273 3.12
Independent
Lyndon LaRouche 2,293 1.36
Write-ins 249 0.15
Total votes 168,825 100.00
Republican
hold
1992 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[35]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 144,471 63.59
Democratic
Raymond E. Vickery Jr. 75,775 33.35
Independent
Alan R. Ogden 6,874 3.03
Write-ins 71 0.03
Total votes 227,191 100.00
Republican
hold
1994 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[36]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 153,311 87.34
Independent
Alan R. Ogden 13,687 7.80
Independent
Robert L. Rilee 8,267 4.71
Write-ins 266 0.15
Total votes 175,531 100.00
Republican
hold
1996 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 169,266 72.02
Democratic
Bob L. Weinberg 59,145 25.17
Independent
Gary A. Reams 6,500 2.77
Write-ins 102 0.04
Total votes 235,013 100.00
Republican
hold
1998 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[38]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 103,648 71.60
Democratic
Cornell W. Brooks 36,476 25.20
Independent
Robert A. Buchanan 4,506 3.11
Write-ins 125 0.09
Total votes 144,755 100.00
Republican
hold

2000s

2000 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[39]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 238,817 84.20
Independent
Brian M. Brown 28,107 9.91
Independent
Marc A. Rossi 16,031 5.65
Write-ins 682 0.24
Total votes 283,637 100.00
Republican
hold
2002 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[40]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 115,917 71.72
Democratic
John B. Stevens Jr. 45,464 28.13
Write-ins 234 0.14
Total votes 161,615 100.00
Republican
hold
2004 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[41]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 205,982 63.77
Democratic
James R. Socas 116,654 36.11
Write-ins 375 0.12
Total votes 323,011 100.00
Republican
hold
2006 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[42]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 138,213 57.32
Democratic
Judy Feder 98,769 40.96
Libertarian
Wilbur N. Wood III 2,107 0.87
Independent
Neeraj C. Nigam 1,851 0.77
Write-ins 194 0.08
Total votes 241,134 100.00
Republican
hold
2008 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[43]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 223,140 58.80
Democratic
Judy Feder 147,357 38.83
Independent
Neeraj C. Nigam 8,457 2.23
Write-ins 526 0.14
Total votes 379,480 100.00
Republican
hold

2010s

2010 Virginia's 10th congressional district election[44]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 131,116 62.87
Democratic
Jeff Barnett
72,604 34.81
Libertarian
Bill Redpath
4,607 2.21
Write-ins 229 0.11
Total votes 208,556 100.00
Republican
hold
2012 Virginia's 10th Congressional District election[45]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Frank Wolf (incumbent) 214,038 58.41
Democratic
Kristin Cabral 142,024 38.76
Independent
Kevin Chisholm 9,855 2.69
Write-in 527 0.14
Total votes 366,444 100
Republican
hold
2014 Virginia's 10th Congressional District election[46]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican
Barbara Comstock 125,914 56.49%
Democratic
John Foust 89,957 40.36%
Libertarian
Bill Redpath
3,393 1.52%
Independent
Brad Eickholt 2,442 1.10%
Independent Greens
Dianne Blais 946 0.42%
Write-in 258 0.12%
Total votes 222,910 100%
Republican
hold
2016 Virginia's 10th Congressional District election[47]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican
Barbara Comstock (incumbent) 210,791 52.69% -3.8%
Democratic
LuAnn Bennett
187,712 46.92% +6.56%
Write-in 1,580 0.39% +0.27%
Total votes 400,083 100% +79.48%
Republican
hold
2018 Virginia's 10th Congressional District election[48]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic
Jennifer Wexton 206,356 56.1% +9.2%
Republican
Barbara Comstock (incumbent) 160,841 43.7% -9.0%
Write-in 598 0.2% -0.2%
Total votes 367,795 100% -8.4%
Republican

2020s

2020 Virginia's 10th Congressional District election[49]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic
Jennifer Wexton (incumbent) 268,734 56.5% +0.4%
Republican
Aliscia Andrews 206,253 43.4% -0.3%
Write-in 559 0.1% -0.1%
Total votes 475,546
Democratic
hold
2022 Virginia's 10th Congressional District election[50]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic
Jennifer Wexton (incumbent) 157,405 53.15% -3.35%
Republican
Hung Cao 138,163 46.65% +3.25%
Write-in 577 0.19% +.09%
Total votes 296,145
Democratic
hold

List of members representing the district

Representative Party Years Cong
ress
Electoral history
District established March 4, 1789

Samuel Griffin
(Williamsburg)
Pro-Administration March 4, 1789 –
March 3, 1791
1st
2nd
Re-elected in 1790.
Redistricted to the 13th district
.
Anti-Administration
March 4, 1791 –
March 3, 1793
Carter B. Harrison
(Maycox)
Anti-Administration
March 4, 1793 –
March 3, 1795
3rd
4th
5th
Elected in 1793.
Re-elected in 1795.
Re-elected in 1797.
Retired.
Democratic-Republican
March 4, 1795 –
March 3, 1799
Edwin Gray
Democratic-Republican
March 4, 1799 –
March 3, 1803
6th
7th
Elected in 1799.
Re-elected in 1801.
Redistricted to the 19th district.
John Dawson
Democratic-Republican
March 4, 1803 –
March 3, 1813
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
Redistricted from the 15th district and re-elected in 1803.
Re-elected in 1805.
Re-elected in 1807.
Re-elected in 1809.
Re-elected in 1811.
Redistricted to the 11th district.
Aylett Hawes
(Woodville)
Democratic-Republican
March 4, 1813 –
March 3, 1817
13th
14th
Redistricted from the 9th district and re-elected in 1813.
Re-elected in 1815.
Retired.
George F. Strother
(Culpeper)
Democratic-Republican
March 4, 1817 –
February 10, 1820
15th
16th
Elected in 1817.
Re-elected in 1819.
Resigned.
Vacant February 11, 1820 –
November 12, 1820
16th
Thomas L. Moore
(Warrenton
)
Democratic-Republican
November 13, 1820 –
March 3, 1823
16th
17th
Elected to finish Strother's term in August 1820 and seated November 13, 1820.
Re-elected in 1821.
Retired.

William C. Rives
(Milton)
Democratic-Republican
March 4, 1823 –
March 3, 1825
18th
19th
20th
21st
U.S. Minister to France
.
Jacksonian
March 4, 1825 –
April 17, 1829
Vacant April 18, 1829 –
January 24, 1830
21st
William F. Gordon
(Charlottesville)
Jacksonian
January 25, 1830 –
March 3, 1833
21st
22nd
Re-elected in 1831.
Redistricted to the 12th district
.
Joseph W. Chinn
(Nuttsville)
Jacksonian
March 4, 1833 –
March 3, 1835
23rd
Elected in 1833
.
Lost re-election.
John Taliaferro
(Fredericksburg)
Anti-Jacksonian
March 4, 1835 –
March 3, 1837
24th
25th
26th
27th
Re-elected in 1841
.
Retired.
Whig March 4, 1837 –
March 3, 1843
Charlestown
)
Democratic March 4, 1843 –
March 3, 1845
28th
Elected in 1843
.
Lost re-election.
Charlestown
)
Democratic March 4, 1845 –
March 3, 1849
29th
30th
Re-elected in 1847
.
Lost re-election.

Richard Parker
(Berryville)
Democratic March 4, 1849 –
March 3, 1851
31st
Elected in 1849
.
Elected Virginia Circuit Court judge.
Martinsburg
)
Whig March 4, 1851 –
March 3, 1853
32nd
Elected in 1851.
Redistricted to the 8th district
.

Zedekiah Kidwell
(Fairmont)
Democratic March 4, 1853 –
March 3, 1857
33rd
34th
Re-elected in 1855
.
Retired.
Wheeling
)
Democratic March 4, 1857 –
March 3, 1861
35th
36th
Re-elected in 1859
.
Retired.
William G. Brown
(Kingwood
)
Unionist March 4, 1861 –
March 3, 1863
37th
Elected in 1861
.
Retired.
District inactive March 4, 1863 –
June 19, 1863
38th Civil War
District moved to West Virginia June 20, 1863
District re-established March 4, 1885
John R. Tucker
(Lexington
)
Democratic March 4, 1885 –
March 3, 1887
49th
Elected in 1884
.
Retired.
Jacob Yost
(Staunton)
Republican March 4, 1887 –
March 3, 1889
50th
Elected in 1886
.
Lost re-election.

Henry S. Tucker III
(Staunton)
Democratic March 4, 1889 –
March 3, 1897
51st
52nd
53rd
54th
Re-elected in 1894
.
Retired.
Jacob Yost
(Staunton)
Republican March 4, 1897 –
March 3, 1899
55th
Elected in 1896
.
.

Julian M. Quarles
(Staunton)
Democratic March 4, 1899 –
March 3, 1901
56th
Elected in 1898
.
Retired.

Henry D. Flood
(Appomattox)
Democratic March 4, 1901 –
December 8, 1921
57th
58th
59th
60th
61st
62nd
63rd
64th
65th
66th
67th
Re-elected in 1920
.
Died.
Vacant December 9, 1921 –
March 20, 1922
67th

Henry S. Tucker III
(Lexington)
Democratic March 21, 1922 –
July 23, 1932
67th
68th
69th
70th
71st
72nd
Re-elected in 1930
.
Died.
Vacant July 24, 1932 –
November 7, 1932
72nd
Joel W. Flood
(Appomattox)
Democratic November 8, 1932 –
March 3, 1933
Elected to finish Tucker's term
.
Retired.
District dissolved March 4, 1933
District re-established January 3, 1953
Arlington
)
Republican January 3, 1953 –
December 31, 1974
83rd
84th
85th
86th
87th
88th
89th
90th
91st
92nd
93rd
Re-elected in 1972
.
Lost re-election.
Vacant December 31, 1974 –
January 3, 1975
93rd
Arlington
)
Democratic January 3, 1975 –
January 3, 1981
94th
95th
96th
Re-elected in 1978
.
Lost re-election.

Frank R. Wolf
(Vienna)
Republican January 3, 1981 –
January 3, 2015
97th
98th
99th
100th
101st
102nd
103rd
104th
105th
106th
107th
108th
109th
110th
111th
112th
113th
.
Retired.

Barbara Comstock
(McLean)
Republican January 3, 2015 –
January 3, 2019
114th
115th
Elected in 2014.
Re-elected in 2016.
Lost re-election.

Jennifer Wexton
(Leesburg)
Democratic January 3, 2019 –
present
116th
117th
118th
Elected in 2018.
Re-elected in 2020.
Re-elected in 2022.
Retiring at the end of term.

Historical district boundaries

The Virginia Third District started in 1788 covering the counties of New Kent, Elizabeth City, Warwick, York, Charles City, Chesterfield, Henrico, Hanover and James City.[51]

2003–2013
2013–2023

See also

References

  1. ^ "Geography Program". www.census.gov.
  2. ^ a b Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP). "My Congressional District Bureau". www.census.gov.
  3. ^ "2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List". Cook Political Report. Retrieved January 10, 2023.
  4. ^ Feldman, Kate (November 6, 2018). "Democrat Jennifer Wexton wins Virginia congressional race in first flip of 2018 midterm elections". New York Daily News.
  5. ^ The Virginia Public Access Project. "District Profile: US Representative District 10". The Virginia Public Access Project. Retrieved February 22, 2024.
  6. ^ McCaffrey, Scott (July 20, 2018). "Ex-Del. Brink: Wexton has edge, but count Comstock out at your peril". Inside Nova.
  7. ^ DePietro, Andrew. "The Wealthiest Congressional Districts Of 2022". Forbes. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
  8. ^ Kondik, Kyle; Skelley, Geoffrey. "House 2016: How a Democratic Wave Could Happen". University of Virginia Center for Politics. Retrieved April 20, 2016.
  9. ^ Brownstein, Ronald (July 20, 2018). "There are absolutely two Americas. Sometimes in the same state". NBC.
  10. ^ Portnoy, Jenna (August 1, 2018). "Rep. Comstock, running for reelection, won't vote for a government shutdown no matter how much Trump wants one". Washington Post.
  11. ^ Edgerton, Anna (August 9, 2018). "A 'Killer Campaigner' for the GOP Swims Against a Blue Tide in Virginia". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on September 30, 2020. Retrieved September 30, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  12. ^ Virginia Department of Elections. Official election results. The Library of Virginia.
  13. ^ a b "Presidential Results by Congressional District, 2000-2008 – Swing State Project". December 15, 2008.
  14. ^ Virginia State Board of Elections: Results by District, 2008 Presidential election. Accessed February 11, 2015.
  15. ^ Virginia State Board of Elections: Results by District, 2012 Presidential election. Accessed February 11, 2015.
  16. ^ "Governor>Votes by District". November 2013 General Election Official Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  17. ^ "Lieutenant Governor>Votes by District". November 2013 General Election Official Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  18. ^ "Attorney General>Votes by District". November 2013 General Election Official Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  19. ^ "Turnout by Congressional District". The Virginia Public Access Project. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
  20. ^ "Daily Kos Elections' presidential results by congressional district for the 2016 and 2012 elections". Daily Kos. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
  21. ^ "2017 Governor's Election Results by US Congressional District". VPAP. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  22. ^ "2018 U.S. Senate Results by Congressional District". The Virginia Public Access Project. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
  23. ^ "Daily Kos Elections' presidential results by congressional district for 2020". Daily Kos.
  24. ^ "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1970" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  25. ^ "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 7, 1972" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  26. ^ "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 1974" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  27. ^ "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 2, 1976" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  28. ^ "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 1978" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  29. ^ "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 4, 1980" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  30. ^ "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 1982" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  31. ^ "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 6, 1984" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  32. ^ "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 1986" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  33. ^ "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 8, 1988" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  34. ^ "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 6, 1990" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  35. ^ "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 3, 1992" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  36. ^ "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 8, 1994" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  37. ^ "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 5, 1996" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  38. ^ "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1998" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives.
  39. ^ "2000 ELECTION STATISTICS". clerk.house.gov.
  40. ^ "2002 ELECTION STATISTICS". clerk.house.gov.
  41. ^ "2004 ELECTION STATISTICS". clerk.house.gov.
  42. ^ "2006 Election Statistics". clerk.house.gov.
  43. ^ "November 2008 Unofficial Results". Virginia State Board of Elections. Archived from the original on April 1, 2012. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
  44. ^ "November 2, 2010 General and Special Elections Official Results". Virginia State Board of Elections. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved January 7, 2011.
  45. ^ "November 6, 2012 General Election Official Results". Virginia State Board of Elections. Archived from the original on May 12, 2013. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
  46. ^ "Election Results | Virginia Department of Elections". Archived from the original on November 7, 2014. Retrieved December 22, 2014.
  47. ^ "2016 November General". Results.elections.virginia.gov. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
  48. ^ "2018 November General". Results.elections.virginia.gov. Retrieved November 26, 2018.
  49. ^ "2020 November General". Results.elections.virginia.gov. Archived from the original on February 3, 2021. Retrieved November 9, 2020.
  50. ^ "2022 November General". Results.elections.virginia.gov. Retrieved November 11, 2022.
  51. ^ "The statutes at large : being a collection of all the laws of Virginia, from the first session of the legislature, in the year 1619 : published pursuant to an ... v. 12 (1785-88)". HathiTrust.

External links

39°04′33″N 77°51′24″W / 39.07583°N 77.85667°W / 39.07583; -77.85667