Virumaa

Coordinates: 59°10′N 26°30′E / 59.17°N 26.5°E / 59.17; 26.5
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For the academic corporation, see Korporatsioon Vironia.
Vironia
Virumaa
County of Estonia
1227
Coat of arms of Virumaa
Coat of arms
Tarvanpää
Area
 • Coordinates59°10′N 26°30′E / 59.17°N 26.5°E / 59.17; 26.5
 
• 1220
7,387 km2 (2,852 sq mi)
 Succeeded by
Danish Estonia

Virumaa (

Agelinde (now Punamägi Hill in Äntu
village).

Vironian was divided into five

pagan before Northern Crusades
in the 13th century.

History

According to the

Osilians (the tribe inhabiting Saaremaa) was born in Vironia. However, Vironian elder Thabelin of Pudiviru had endorsed Christianity before the German and Danish crusaders reached Estonia. Thabelin (Tabellinus) was baptized by Germans in Gotland
island. Later, when competing Danish crusaders arrived to Vironia, Thabelin was suspected of being too pro-German and hanged.

In 1219, the German crusaders of the

Revelia
. Danes retaliated, killed several Vironian elders and put Vironians under heavy taxes.

In 1225, Danes and German crusaders clashed with each other over the ownership of Vironia. In 1226, The

Brothers of the Sword. Vironians sided with the new Papal Legate Baldwin of Alna
who in 1230 tried to create a Papal Vassal State in Northern Estonia, including Vironia. In 1233, the supporters of Baldwin were defeated by the Order in the city of Reval (Tallinn). Vironian territories were snatched by the Order again as Baldwin of Alna complained in his report to the Pope in 1234. The Order was also accused of oppressing Vironian converts and expelling local supporters of Church.

Danish Estonia
).

In 1238, Vironia was given to Denmark again according to the Treaty of Stensby. The area went into hands of powerful vassals of Danish king, many of which were of local origin, like Dietrich of Kievel (probably 'Kivela' - 'land of stone' in Estonian) who controlled Eastern part of Vironia, where he started to build the stronghold of Narva. Vironians and Vironian vassals took part in Order's and Denmark's failed crusade against Novgorod Republic 1240-1242. The names Virumaa, Vironia and Virland have been continuously used for the North-Eastern Estonia. For example, in 1266, Margaret Sambiria, Dowager Queen of Denmark was named the Lady of Estonia and Virland.

Parishes

  • Maum (Mahu)
  • Laemund (Lemmu, also known as Pudiviru)
  • Askælæ (Äskälä)
  • Repel (Rebala)
  • Alentagh (Alutaguse)

See also

References

External links

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