Vitaly Ginzburg
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Vitaly Ginzburg | |
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Виталий Гинзбург | |
Born | Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg 4 October 1916 Moscow, Russian Empire |
Died | 8 November 2009 Moscow, Russia | (aged 93)
Resting place | Novodevichy Cemetery, Moscow |
Nationality | Russia |
Alma mater | Moscow State University (KN 1938) (DN 1942) |
Known for | Ginzburg–Landau theory Ginzburg criterion Transition radiation Undulator |
Spouse(s) | Olga Zamsha Ginzburg (1937–1946; divorced; 1 child) Nina Yermakova Ginzburg
(m. 1946) |
Awards |
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Scientific career | |
Fields | Theoretical physics |
Institutions | P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences N. I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod |
Doctoral advisor | Igor Tamm |
Doctoral students | Viatcheslav Mukhanov Leonid Keldysh |
Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg,
His career in physics was spent in the former
Biography
Vitaly Ginzburg was born to a
In 1937, Ginzburg married Olga Zamsha. In 1946, he married his second wife, Nina Ginzburg (nee Yermakova), who had spent more than a year in custody on fabricated charges of plotting to assassinate the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin.[8]
Ginzburg was the
Ginzburg identified as a secular Jew, and following the
In the 2000s (decade), Ginzburg was politically active, supporting the Russian liberal opposition and
Ginzburg worked at the P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of Soviet and Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow since 1940. Russian Academy of Sciences is a major institution where mostly all Nobel Prize laureates of physics from Russia have done their studies and/or research works.[13]
Stance on religion
Ginzburg was an avowed atheist, both under the militantly atheist Soviet government and in post-Communist Russia when religion made a strong revival.
Death
A spokeswoman for the Russian Academy of Sciences announced that Ginzburg died in Moscow on 8 November 2009 from cardiac arrest.[3][18] He had been suffering from ill health for several years,[18] and three years before his death said "In general, I envy believers. I am 90, and [am] being overcome by illnesses. For believers, it is easier to deal with them and with life's other hardships. But what can be done? I cannot believe in resurrection after death."[18]
Prime Minister of Russia Vladimir Putin sent his condolences to Ginzburg's family, saying "We bid farewell to an extraordinary personality whose outstanding talent, exceptional strength of character and firmness of convictions evoked true respect from his colleagues".[18] President of Russia Dmitry Medvedev, in his letter of condolences, described Ginzburg as a "top physicist of our time whose discoveries had a huge impact on the development of national and world science."[19]
Ginzburg was buried on 11 November in the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow, the resting place of many famous politicians, writers and scientists of Russia.[3]
Family
This article is in prose. is available. (November 2023) |
The first wife (in 1937–1946) is a graduate of the Faculty of Physics of
Daughter — Irina Vitalievna Dorman (born 1939), graduate of the Faculty of Physics of Moscow State University (1961), candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, historian of science (her husband is a cosmophysicist, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences Leib (Lev) Isaakovich Dorman).
Granddaughter — Victoria Lvovna Dorman, American physicist, graduate of the physics department of Moscow State University and Princeton University, deputy dean for academic affairs at the Princeton School of Engineering and Applied Science; her husband is physicist and writer Mikhail Petrov.
Great cousin — Mark Ginzburg.
Honors and awards
- Medal "For Valiant Labour in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" (1946)
- Medal "In Commemoration of the 800th Anniversary of Moscow" (1948)
- Stalin Prizein 1953
- Order of Lenin (1954)
- Order of the Badge of Honour, twice (1954, 1975)
- Order of the Red Banner of Labour, twice (1956, 1986)
- Lenin Prize in 1966
- Medal "For Valiant Labour. To commemorate the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" (1970)
- Marian Smoluchowski Medal (1984)
- Elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1987[1]
- Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1991
- Wolf Prize in Physics in 1994/5
- Vavilov Gold Medal (1995) – for outstanding work in physics, including a series of papers on the theory of radiation by uniformly moving sources
- Lomonosov Gold Medal in 1995 – for outstanding achievement in the field of theoretical physics and astrophysics
- 3rd class (3 October 1996) – for outstanding scientific achievements and the training of highly qualified personnel
- Elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society in 2003.[20]
- Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov and Anthony James Leggett for their "pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids"[2]
- Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 1st class (4 October 2006) – for outstanding contribution to the development of national science and many years of fruitful activity
See also
References
- ^ S2CID 71295700.
- ^ a b "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2003". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved November 9, 2009.
- ^ a b c Thomas H. Maugh II (November 10, 2009). "Vitaly Ginzburg dies at 93; Nobel Prize-winning Russian physicist". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ a b "Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg — editor in chief of UFN".
- ^ Nikonov, Vyacheslav (September 30, 2004). "Physicists have nothing to do with miracles". Social Sciences (3): 148–150. Retrieved September 9, 2007.
- arXiv:1206.4426 [cond-mat.supr-con].
- ^ Medvedev, Zhores (1969). The Rise and Fall of T.D. Lysenko. New York: Columbia University Press.
- ^ "Виталий Гинзбург: с Ландау трудно было спорить — Юрий Медведев."Уравнение Гинзбурга – Ландау" — Российская Газета — Академику и нобелевскому лауреату Виталию Гинзбургу исполняется 90 лет. Накануне юбилея он рассказал в интервью "РГ", как стал физиком-теоретиком, будучи "плохим" математиком, и почему он брал расписки со своего друга и учителя – знаменитого Льва Ландау, с которым вместе работал над сверхпроводимостью. Именно за эту работу Гинзбург впоследствии получил Нобелевскую премию. "Общаясь с Ландау, я много думал о его феномене, о пределах возможностей человека, огромных резервах мозга", – признался он". Rg.ru. 20 September 2006. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
- ^ "About Academic Department of Physics and Astrophysics Problems" (in Russian). Archived from the original on 21 June 2007.
- ^ Hein, Avi. "Vitaly Ginzburg". Jewish Virtual Library.
- ^ "Russia: Religious revival troubles Vitaly Ginzburg". University World News. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
- ^ Mikhail Sokolov. "2009 RFE/RL, Inc". Svobodanews.ru. Retrieved November 11, 2009.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Nobel Prize laureates affiliated with the Russian Academy of Sciences".
- ^ "Vitaly L. Ginzburg – Autobiography". nobelprize.org. Archived from the original on 2006-07-11.
- ^ Ginzburg, Vitaly (2009). "About atheism, religion and secular humanism". Moscow: FIAN.
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(help) - ^ Церковь ждет исповеди академиков (in Russian).
- ^ Клирики против физика. Православные требуют привлечь к ответственности академика Гинзбурга. Grani.ru (in Russian). July 24, 2007.
- ^ a b c d Osipovich, Alexander (November 9, 2009). "Russian bomb physicist Ginzburg dead at 93". AFP. Archived from the original on April 13, 2010. Retrieved November 9, 2009.
- ^ "Dmitry Medvedev sent his condolences to the family of Nobel Prize Winner Vitaly Ginzburg following the scientist's passing". President of Russia: Official Web Portal. November 9, 2009. Retrieved July 16, 2016.
- ^ "APS Fellow Archive". APS. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
External links
- Vitaly L. Ginzburg on Nobelprize.org including the Nobel Lecture On Superconductivity and Superfluidity
- Ginzburg's homepage
- Curriculum Vitae
- Open letter to the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir V. Putin
- Obituary The Daily Telegraph 11 Nov 2009.
- Obituary The Independent November 14, 2009 (by Martin Childs).
- (in Russian) Biography
- (in Russian) Obituary