Vivekananda Setu
Vivekananda Setu | |
|---|---|
 Vivekananda Setu | |
| Coordinates | 22°39′11″N 88°21′12″E / 22.65319°N 88.35326°E |
| Carries | Rail cum Road bridge |
| Crosses | Hooghly River |
| Locale | Bally-Dakshineswar |
| Official name | Vivekanada Setu |
| Characteristics | |
| Material | Steel and Stone |
| Total length | 2,887 feet (880 m) |
| History | |
| Construction start | 1926 |
| Construction end | 1931 |
| Opened | 29 December 1931 |
| Location | |
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Vivekananda Setu (also called Willingdon Bridge and Bally Bridge) is a bridge over the Hooghly River in West Bengal, India. It links the city of Howrah, at Bally, to Kolkata, at Dakshineswar. Completed in 1931, it is a multispan truss bridge that was built to primarily to provide direct road and rail connectivity between the Calcutta Port and the major railhead at Howrah railway station on the West bank of the Hooghly River.[1] It is 2,887 feet (880 m) long having 9 spans in total.[2] The famous Dakshineswar Kali Temple is situated on the banks of the Hooghly River near the bridge.[3] The bridge is one of the four bridges linking Howrah and Kolkata. A new road bridge, the Nivedita Setu, was constructed 50 m (160 ft) downstream in 2007 due to weakening of the Vivekanada Setu caused by its ageing.[3][4]
Naming
The bridge was originally named Willingdon Bridge after Viceroy of India, Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon.[5][3] It was eventually renamed as Bally Bridge, before officially renamed as Vivekananda Setu.[3]
Construction
The erection and
The viaduct consists of 22 spans of 30 feet (9.1 m) girders built of masonry piers, whose foundations have been piled with reinforced concrete piles 40 to 50 feet long. The bridge itself consists of seven 350 feet (110 m) main spans and two 80 feet (24 m) land spans. The eight main piers in the river are founded on octagonal steel caissons, 70 feet by 37 feet, having two dredging holes each 19 feet in diameter. The caissons were all floated into position and founded by loading with concrete, sustaining the load on compressed air buoyancy and releasing the air on a suitable falling tide.
The bridge was by far the most expensive and the most difficult of the railway bridges to be constructed in India up to that time. The bridge was constructed at a total cost of ₹1.14 crore (equivalent to ₹348 crore or US$44 million in 2023)
The first train that ran across the bridge was named Jagmal Raja Howrah Express by the British, acknowledging the feat of Rai Bahadur Jagmal Raja. The bridge cost over ₹1 crore (US$130,000) in those years.[5]
Usage
The bridge serves both road and rail:
- Rail - the railway line through the bridge forms a part of the Calcutta Chord link line which connects Sealdah Station with the Howrah–Bardhaman chord line and Howrah–Kharagpur line.
- Road - the bridge connects the Grand Trunk Road (Howrah side - West bank) with the Barrackpore Trunk Road (Kolkata side - East bank).
The bridge had become weak as a result of ageing, and with heavy traffic, even repairs became difficult. Thus a second road bridge, the Nivedita Setu was constructed parallel to it and around 50 metres (165 ft) downstream.[8] It was opened to traffic in 2007. Following this the Vivekananda Setu allows traffic movement for light vehicles, namely passenger vehicles, while the Nivedita Setu helps traffic movement of heavy vehicles, like trucks. While trucks and other heavy vehicles are not allowed on the Vivekananda Setu, two and three wheelers are not allowed on the toll bridge of Nivedita Setu.[8]
See also
References
- ^ Symphony of Progress: The Saga of Eastern Railway 1854-2003. Kolkata: Eastern Railway. 2003. p. 31.
- ^ a b "Willingdon Bridge". Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ a b c d "Vivekananda Setu in Bally". Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ "Famous Bridges of India – Nivedita Setu". India Travel News. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Diary of Golden Days at Jharia – A Memoir & History of Gurjar Kashtriya Samaj of Kutch in Coalfields of Jharia – written by Natwarlal Devram Jethwa of Calcutta compiled by Raja Pawan Jethwa published in year 1998 in English. Life sketch of Rai Bahadur Jagmal Raja Chauhan pp:33.
- ^ a b c [1] Minutes of proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, London 1934 : Willingdon Bridge & Rai Bahadur Jagamal Raja, Volume 235, Part 1, page 83.
- ^ Conditions and Prospects of United Kingdom Trade in India: (with a Brief Account of the Trade of Burma). Great Britain. Dept. of Overseas Trade ;H.M. Stationery Office, 1928 - India pp:136.
- ^ a b "Famous Bridges of India – Nivedita Setu". India Travel News. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2011.
