Vologases V

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Vologases V
𐭅𐭋𐭂𐭔
King of Kings
Coin of Vologases V, Ecbatana mint
King of Armenia
Reign180 – 191
PredecessorSohaemus
SuccessorKhosrov I
King of the Parthian Empire
Reign191 – 208
PredecessorVologases IV
SuccessorVologases VI
Died208
Issue
Arsacid dynasty
FatherVologases IV
ReligionZoroastrianism

Vologases V (

Iberian throne in 189. Vologases succeeded his father Vologases IV as king of the Parthian Empire in 191; it is uncertain if the transition of power was peaceful or if Vologases took the throne in a civil war. When Vologases acceded the Parthian throne, he passed the Armenian throne to his son Khosrov I
(r. 191–217).

Vologases' reign was marked by war with the Roman Empire, lasting from 195 to 202, resulting in the brief capture of the Parthian capital of Ctesiphon, and reaffirmation of Roman rule in Armenia and northern Mesopotamia. At the same time, internal conflict took place in the Parthian realm, with the local Persian prince Pabag seizing Istakhr, the capital of the southern Iranian region of Persis.

Name

Vologases is the Greek and Latin form of the Parthian Walagaš (𐭅𐭋𐭂𐭔). The name is also attested in New Persian as Balāsh and Middle Persian as Wardākhsh (also spelled Walākhsh). The etymology of the name is unclear, although Ferdinand Justi proposes that Walagaš, the first form of the name, is a compound of words "strength" (varəda), and "handsome" (gaš or geš in Modern Persian).[1]

Biography

King of Armenia

During Vologases' early life, he became the ruler of

Sasanian abolition of the Armenian throne in 428.[2]

In 189, he also imposed his son

Iberian throne.[8] His descendants would rule Iberia until 284 when it was replaced by another Parthian family, the Mihranids.[9]

King of the Parthian Empire

In 191 after the death of his father

Osroes II (190), had set himself up in Media even before the death of Vologases IV, but Vologases appears to have quickly put him down.[11]

Coin of the Roman emperor Septimius Severus

Vologases supported Emperor

Arab fortress of Hatra twice, later withdrawing his forces to Syria.[1]

In 202, peace was restored, reaffirming Roman rule in Armenia and northern Mesopotamia.

Iranologist Touraj Daryaee, "the dynasty [had] lost much of its prestige" and reached a "turning point".[13] The kings of Persis were now unable to depend on their weakened Arsacid overlords.[13] Indeed, in 205/6, Pabag, a local ruler in Persis, rebelled and overthrew his overlord Gochihr, taking the Persis capital Istakhr for himself.[13][14] His son Ardashir I would go on to continue his conquests, overthrowing the Parthian Empire and establishing the Sasanian Empire in 224.[15]

Vologases died in 208, succeeded by his son

Artabanus IV (r. 216–224), attempted to seize the throne a few years later, resulting in a civil war.[1][16]

Notes

  1. ^ According to the 5th-century Armenian historian Agathangelos, the king of Armenia had the second rank in the Parthian realm, below only to the Parthian king.[6] However the modern historian Lee E. Patterson suggests that Agathangelos may have exaggerated the importance of his homeland.[7]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Chaumont & Schippmann 1988, pp. 574–580.
  2. ^ a b c Toumanoff 1986, pp. 543–546.
  3. ^ a b Patterson 2013, pp. 180–181.
  4. ^ Russell 1987, p. 161.
  5. ^ Lang 1983, p. 517.
  6. ^ Patterson 2013, pp. 180, 188.
  7. ^ Patterson 2013, p. 188.
  8. ^ Rapp 2014, p. 240.
  9. ^ Rapp 2017, p. 240.
  10. ^ Patterson 2013, p. 181 (see also note 18).
  11. ^ Sellwood 1983, p. 297.
  12. ^ a b c Dąbrowa 2012, p. 177.
  13. ^ a b c d Daryaee 2010, p. 249.
  14. ^ Dąbrowa 2012, p. 187.
  15. ^ Daryaee 2012, p. 187.
  16. ^ Patterson 2013, p. 177.

Sources

Further reading
Vologases V
Arsacid dynasty
 Died: 208
Regnal titles
Preceded by
King of the Parthian Empire

191–208 		Succeeded by
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