Wajihids
Wajihids بَنُو وَجِيْه | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 926–965 | |||||||||
Suhar | |||||||||
| Official languages | Arabic | ||||||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| Emir | |||||||||
• 926–945 | Yusuf ibn Wajih (first) | ||||||||
• 950–965 | 'Umar ibn Yusuf (last) | ||||||||
| Historical era | Early Middle Ages | ||||||||
• Established | 926 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 965 | ||||||||
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| Today part of |
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| Historical Arab states and dynasties |
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The Wajihids (
History
The origins and history of this dynasty are obscure.
According to the archaeologist Timothy Power, the origins of the Wajihids can be found in an account by the tenth-century chronicler al-Tabari. The latter source reported that in 893 or 894 during the Abbasid era, there was a dispute about who should rule Oman among the local factions. A faction that approached the Abbasids was the Bani Sama, who were based in Al-Buraimi or Tawam (which includes the modern Omani town of Al-Buraimi and the UAE city of Al Ain), before moving to Sohar. The Bani Sama also referred to themselves as the "Wajihid Dynasty", and assumed leadership over the region.[1]
The Wajihids did not enjoy undisputed control of Oman. In the mountainous interior of the country, the
Suhar during Wajihid rule was an extremely prosperous town and, along with
The Wajihids were chiefly known in the medieval sources for their two attacks on
Yusuf ibn Wajih was succeeded by his son Muhammad, who was in term followed by his brother 'Umar.[10] Wajihid rule was suddenly brought to an end in around 962 when 'Umar was killed by Nafi', a longtime mawlā of the dynasty. Nafi' then attempted to rule in 'Umar's place, and for the next several years Oman entered a period of anarchy, which ended only with the arrival of the Buyids and the establishment of a Buyid province in Oman.[11]
Rulers
The exact chronology of the Wajihid dynasty is difficult to determine.
- Yusuf ibn Wajih (926/929–945)
- Muhammad ibn Yusuf (945)
- 'Umar ibn Yusuf (950–962/965)
Abdulrahman al-Salimi, in attempting to reconcile the numismatic data with information provided by written sources, came up with an alternative chronology:[13]
- Ahmad ibn Hilal (c. 898–929)
- Yusuf ibn Wajih (926–952)
- Muhammad ibn Yusuf (942–951; as a co-ruler with his father)
- 'Umar ibn Yusuf (952–962; but posthumously recognized as ruler until 965)[14]
See also
- Lashkarwarz, a Buyid officer who warred with the Wajihids
References
- ^ a b Leech, Nick (2015-10-22). "The long read: has a lost Arab capital been found on the Oman-UAE border?". The National. Retrieved 2019-01-20.
- ^ Bates, p. 171
- ^ Wilkinson, p. 333; al-Salimi, pp. 375-6. Miles, pp. 102-3, offered a different theory about the Wajihids, stating that Yusuf b. Wajih was a Turkish officer who was sent to Oman on behalf of the Abbasid government; this idea has not been adopted by more recent historians
- ^ Wilkinson, p. 333
- ^ Wilkinson, pp. 333-5; al-Salimi, pp. 375-8
- ^ Piacentini, pp. 198-200
- ^ a b Al-Salimi, p. 377
- ^ Wilkinson, p. 333; al-Salimi, p. 377; Miskawaihi, pp. 51-2
- ^ Al-Salimi, p. 377; Miskawaihi, pp. 150-2
- ^ Bates, pp. 173-4; Wilkinson, p. 333
- ^ Wilkinson, pp. 343-5; al-Salimi, p. 378
- ^ Bates, pp. 173-4; Wilkinson, p. 333. Al-Salimi, p. 376, citing R. E. Darley's History of Currency in the Sultanate of Oman (1990), has a slightly different numinastics-based chronology
- ^ Al-Salimi, p. 379
- ^ Nafi' recognized Buyid suzerainty in this year in a failed attempt to maintain his rule. Al-Salimi, p. 378
Sources
- Bates, Michael L. "Unpublished Wajihid and Buwayhid Coins from 'Uman in the American Numismatic Society." Arabian Studies I. Ed. R.B. Serjeant and R.L. Bidwell. Totowa, N.J.: Rowman and Littlefield, 1974. ISBN 0-87471-482-6
- Miles, S. B. The Countries and Tribes of the Persian Gulf. 1919. Reading, UK: Garnet & Ithaca Press, 1997. 187393856X
- Miskawaihi. The Eclipse of the Abbasid Caliphate: the Concluding Portion of the Experiences of the Nations, Vol. II. Trans. & ed. H. F. Amedroz and D. S. Margoliouth. London, 1921.
- Piacentini, Valeria Fiorani. "Sohar and the Daylami interlude (356–443/967–1051)." Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 35: Papers from the thirty-eighth meeting of the Seminar for Arabian Studies held in London, 22–24 July 2004. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2005. ISBN 0-9539923-7-3
- Al-Salimi, Abdulrahman. "The Wajihids of Oman." Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 39: Papers from the forty-second meeting of the Seminar for Arabian Studies held in London, 24–26 July 2008. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2009. ISBN 978-1-905739-23-3
- Wilkinson, John C. (2010). Ibadism: Origins and Early Development in Oman. New York: ISBN 978-0-19-958826-8.