Waltharius
Waltharius is a
History
Our knowledge of the author,
Waltharius was dedicated by Geraldus to
Synopsis
Waltharius was the son of Alphere, ruler of
Hagano and Waltharius became brothers in arms, fighting at the head of Attila's armies, while Hiltgunt was put in charge of the queen's treasure. Presently Guntharius succeeded his father and refused to pay tribute to the
Commentary
The essential part of this story is the series of single combats. The occasional incoherences of the tale make it probable that many changes have been introduced in the legend. The
One of the most extensive studies of the poem is by Dennis M. Kratz, who argues that the poem makes sophisticated use of allusions to its Classical sources to satirise the heroic ethics of its protagonists.[4]
Manuscripts
- Gemblours MS (Brussels)
- Hirschau MS (Karlsruhe)
- Regensburg MS (Stuttgart)
- Epternach MS (Paris)
- Salzburg MS (Vienna)
- Metlach MS (Trier)
- Engelberg fragment
There are two fragments of a 9th-century Old English version, known as Waldere, consisting of 15 lines each, discovered in 1860, edited by George Stephens.
Editions and translations
Waltharius was first edited by F. Ch. J. Fischer (Leipzig, 1780) and Fr. Molter (Karlsruhe). Later and more scholarly editions are by:
Dennis Kratz produced an English edition and translation under the title, Waltharius, and Ruodlieb, ed. and trans. by Dennis M. Kratz, The Garland Library of Medieval Literature, Series A, 13 (New York: Garland, 1984). More recently, the Dallas Medieval Texts and Translations series has published a new Latin text and English translation, authored by Abram Ring: Waltharius. Edition, Translation, and Introduction by Abram Ring, Dallas Medieval Texts and Translations 22 (Louvain: Peeters, 2016).
Another English translation is Brian Murdoch's, Walthari: A Verse Translation of the Medieval Latin Waltharius, Scottish Papers in Germanic Studies, 9 (Glasgow, 1989). There are German translations by F. Linnig (Paderborn, 1885), H. Althof (Leipzig, 1896),[2] and Karl Langosch (Darmstadt, 1967).
Influence
See also
With Waltharius compare the Scottish ballads of "Earl Brand" and "Erlinton" (F.J. Child's English and Scottish Popular Ballads, i. 88 seq.).
References
- ^ Gereon Becht-Jördens: Sprachliches in den Vitae S. Wiboradae (II). Dabei: Ein Walthariuszitat in der jüngeren Vita.In: Mittellateinisches Jahrbuch 24/25, 1989/1990, p. 1-9, esp. p. 7-9
- ^ a b c d e f public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Waltharius". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 298–299. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
- ^ The earliest Polish version is included in the Chronicon Boguphali Episcopi13th-14th century (Ward and Waller, eds., The Cambridge History of English Literature 1907, vol. I, "The 'Waldhere' fragments", p. 35).
- ^ Dennis M. Kratz, Mocking Epic: Waltharius, Alexandreis and the Problem of Christian Heroism (Madrid: José Porrúa Turanzas, 1980).
Further reading
- Krappe, Alexander Haggerty, 'The Legend of Walther and Hildegund', The Journal of English and Germanic Philology 22.1 (1923), pp. 75–88.