Warsaw pogrom (1881)

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The Warsaw pogrom was a pogrom that took place in Russian-controlled Warsaw on 25–27 December 1881, then part of Congress Poland in the Russian Empire, resulting in two people dead and 24 injured.[1]

Warsaw pogrom

Stampede in the Holy Cross Church of Warsaw on 25 December 1881

pickpockets
, who used the ruse to allow them to rob people during the panic. A crowd gathered on the scene of the event and some unknown persons started to spread a rumour, which subsequently proved to be unfounded, that two Jewish pickpockets had been caught in the church.

The mob began to attack Jews, Jewish stores, businesses, and residences in the streets adjoining the Holy Cross Church.[2] The riots in Warsaw continued for three days, until Russian authorities (who controlled the police as well as military in the city) intervened, arresting 2,600 people. During the Warsaw pogrom two people were left dead and 24 injured. The pogrom also left about a thousand Jewish families financially devastated. In the months afterwards, about a thousand Warsaw Jews emigrated to the United States.[3] The pogrom worsened Polish-Jewish relations, and was criticized by such members of the Polish elite as writers Eliza Orzeszkowa, Boleslaw Prus and several other notable activists.[3][4]

Holy Cross Church, Warsaw, in the 1890s

Historians

anti-Semitism in Poland, with disillusionment among Poles with the idea of assimilation of the Jews was growing, and hence there was less need for the Russian authorities to orchestrate a pogrom, which might have been spontaneous.[4]

References

  1. ISBN 83-04-04381-5
    . Retrieved 5 May 2015.
  2. ISBN 1-886223-11-4
    , p. 342
  3. ^
    ISBN 0-19-513146-0
    , p.162
  4. ^
    ISBN 0-521-52851-8
    , p.182
  5. ^ (in Polish) Pogrom Archived 2010-02-06 at the Wayback Machine, based on Alina Cała, Hanna Węgrzynek, Gabriela Zalewska, "Historia i kultura Żydów polskich. Słownik", WSiP
  6. ^ (in Polish) Magdalena Micinska, INTELIGENCJA ŻYDOWSKA W POLSCE, 2002
  7. Odessa
    , and in seeing that the "cultured Pole" should not fall behind the Russian in order to convince Europe that pogroms were not exclusively a Russian manufacture." See Klier and Lambroza for more details.
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