Wenceslaus II of Bohemia
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Wenceslaus II | |
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Przemysl II | |
Successor | Wenceslaus III |
Born | 27 September 1271 Prague, Bohemia |
Died | 21 June 1305 Prague, Bohemia | (aged 33)
Spouse |
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Issue |
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Kunigunda of Slavonia |
Wenceslaus II Přemyslid (
He was the only son of King
Early years
In 1276
Before Wenceslaus became of age, the government was handled by Otto V, Margrave of Brandenburg, who is said to have held Wenceslaus captive in several locations. He returned to Bohemia in 1283, at the age of twelve. His mother's second husband, Záviš of Falkenstein, ruled instead of him for a few years.
On 24 January 1285, Wenceslaus married
Polish kingship
In 1291, High Duke Przemysł II of Poland ceded the sovereign Duchy of Kraków to Wenceslaus. Kraków was associated with the overlordship of Poland, but Przemysł held the other duchies and in 1295 was crowned king. After Przemysł's death in 1296, Wenceslaus became overlord of Poland and in 1300, and had himself crowned its king.[4]
Silver in Kutná Hora
In 1298,
In 1300, Wenceslaus issued the new royal mining code Ius regale montanorum. This was a legal document that specified all administrative as well as technical terms and conditions necessary for the operation of mines.[5]
The Crown of Hungary and death
Queen Judith died in 1297. Wenceslaus' second wife was
In 1301, Wenceslaus' kinsman Andrew III of Hungary died and the Árpád dynasty became extinct in the male line. Wenceslaus was one of the relatives who claimed the throne, and he accepted it from a party of Hungarians on behalf of his young son, betrothed to Andrew's only child, Elizabeth. On 27 August 1301, his son was crowned in Székesfehérvár as king of Hungary.
At that time the
Wenceslaus II died on 21 June 1305, at the age of 33,
Review of government of Wenceslaus II
Wenceslaus II is considered one of the most important
During his reign, there was great urban development. He planned to build the first university in Central Europe. The power and wealth of the Kingdom of Bohemia gave rise to great respect, but also to the hostility of European royal families. His son King Wenceslaus III was unable to maintain a mighty empire, and soon after the untimely death of Wenceslaus II, his empire began to crumble.[7]
Family
In 1285 in Eger (Cheb), he married the German Princess Judith of Habsburg (1271–1297), daughter of King Rudolf I of Germany and his wife Gertrude of Hohenberg.[8] She died shortly after their 10th child was born:
- Přemysl Otakar (6 May 1288 – 19 November 1288).
- King of Poland.
- Agnes (6 October 1289 – soon after 6 August 1296), twin of Wenceslaus; married in 1296 to Rupert, eldest surviving son of German King Adolf of Nassau.[2]
- Henry of Carinthia.
- John of Luxembourg.
- Judith (3 March 1293 – 3 August 1294).
- John (26 February 1294 – 1 March 1295).
- John (21 February 1295 – 6 December 1296).
- Duke of Wrocław.
- Judith (born and died 21 May 1297).
In 1300, he married the Princess
- .
Wenceslaus has also numerous
Gallery
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Seal of Wenceslaus II
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Coat of arms of Wenceslaus II (Kingdom of Bohemia)
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Coat of arms of Wenceslaus II (Margraviate of Moravia)
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WenceslausIIBohemia
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VáclavII
References
- ^ "The Royal Route". Královská cesta. Archived from the original on 24 September 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2013.
- ^ a b K. Charvátová, Václav II. Král český a polský, Prague 2007, p. 18.
- ^ Jean W Sedlar, East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000-1500, Vol. III, (University of Washington Press, 1994), 443.
- ^ Bohemia to the Extinction of the Premyslids, Kamil Krofta, The Cambridge Medieval History: Victory of the Papacy, Vol. VI, ed. J.R. Tanner, C.W. Previt-Orton and Z.N. Brook, (Cambridge University Press, 1957), 440.
- ^ "Town history". Retrieved 2007-03-07.
- ^ Jones 1995, p. 526.
- ^ "Václav II. český král".
- ^ "Bella gerant alii" Laodamia's Sisters, Habsburg Brides: Leaving Home for the Sake of the House, Joseph F. Patrouch, Early Modern Habsburg Women: Transnational Contexts, Cultural Conflicts, Dynastic Continuities, ed. Anne J. Cruz, Maria Galli Stampino, (Routledge, 2013), 30.
Sources
- Jones, Michael (1995). The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 6, C.1300-c.1415. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521362900.