Westerlies
The westerlies, anti-trades,
The westerlies are strongest in the winter hemisphere and times when the pressure is lower over the poles, while they are weakest in the summer hemisphere and when pressures are higher over the poles. The westerlies are particularly strong, especially in the Southern Hemisphere (called also 'Brave West winds' at striking
Behaviour
If the
Throughout the year, the westerlies vary in strength with the
Impact on ocean currents
Due to persistent winds from west to east on the poleward sides of the subtropical ridges located in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans,
The
Extratropical cyclones
An extratropical cyclone is a
The descriptor "extratropical" refers to the fact that this type of cyclone generally occurs outside of the tropics, in the middle latitudes of the planet, where the Westerlies steer the system generally from west to east. These systems may also be described as "mid-latitude cyclones" due to their area of formation, or "post-tropical cyclones" where extratropical transition has occurred,[16][17] and are often described as "depressions" or "lows" by weather forecasters and the general public. These are the everyday phenomena which along with anticyclones, drive the weather over much of the Earth.
Although extratropical cyclones are almost always classified as
Interaction with tropical cyclones
When a tropical cyclone crosses the
See also
- Polar easterlies
- West wind
- Ferrel cell
- Trade winds
- Ocean currents
- Hadley cell
- 2023 Chinese balloon incident
References
- ^ Martín, Rodrigo Sebastian (2019-04-28). LA PEQUEÑA EDAD DE HIELO EN PATAGONIA AUSTRAL, estudio de la evolución histórica de las comunidades de quironómidos (Diptera, Chironomidae) en la Laguna Azul, Santa Cruz, Argentina [The Little Ice Age in Southern Patagonia: A Study of the Historical Evolution of Chironomid Communities (Diptera, Chironomidae) in Laguna Azul, Santa Cruz, Argentina.] (PDF) (in Spanish). UBA (published 2022).
- ^ Robert Fitzroy (1863). The weather book: a manual of practical meteorology. Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, & Green. p. 63.
- ^ "Westerlies". Glossary of Meteorology. American Meteorological Society. 2005. Archived from the original on 2010-06-22. Retrieved 2018-01-22.
- ^ Nathan Gasser (2000-08-10). Solar Heating and Coriolis Forces. University of Tennessee at Knoxville. Retrieved on 2009-05-31.
- ^ Ralph Stockman Tarr and Frank Morton McMurry (1909). Advanced geography. W. W. Shannon, State Printing, pp. 246. Retrieved on 2009-04-15.
- ^ National Snow and Ice Data Center (2009). The Arctic Oscillation. Arctic Climatology and Meteorology. Retrieved on 2009-04-11.
- ^ Halldór Björnsson (2005). Global circulation. Archived 2011-08-07 at the Wayback Machine Veðurstofu Íslands. Retrieved on 2008-06-15.
- S2CID 38762011.
- ISBN 9780393045550.
Roaring Forties Shrieking Sixties westerlies.
- .)
- ^ National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (2009). Investigating the Gulf Stream. Archived 2010-05-03 at the Wayback Machine North Carolina State University. Retrieved on 2009-05-06.
- ^ Ryan Smith, Melicie Desflots, Sean White, Arthur J. Mariano, Edward H. Ryan (2005). The Antarctic CP Current. The Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies. Retrieved on 2009-04-11.
- S2CID 120130551.
- ^ David M. Roth (2000). A FIFTY YEAR HISTORY OF SUBTROPICAL CYCLONES. American Meteorological Society. Retrieved on 2008-09-21.
- .
- ^ Millersville University, Millersville, Pennsylvania. Archived from the originalon 2007-05-29. Retrieved 2009-05-31.
- ^ Robert Hart & Jenni Evans (2003). "Synoptic Composites of the Extratropical Transition Lifecycle of North Atlantic TCs as Defined Within Cyclone Phase Space" (PDF). ams.confex.com. Retrieved 2006-10-03.
- ^ Ryan N. Maue (2009). CHAPTER 3: CYCLONE PARADIGMS AND EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION CONCEPTUALIZATIONS. Archived 2008-05-10 at the Wayback Machine Florida State University. Retrieved on 2008-06-15.
- NOAA. Retrieved 2006-07-25.
- ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (2009). Section 2: Tropical Cyclone Motion Terminology. United States Navy. Retrieved on 2007-04-10.
- ^ Powell, Jeff; et al. (May 2007). "Hurricane Ioke: 20–27 August 2006". 2006 Tropical Cyclones Central North Pacific. Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-06-09.