Where the Streets Have No Name
"Where the Streets Have No Name" | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Single by U2 | ||||
from the album The Joshua Tree | ||||
B-side |
| |||
Released | 31 August 1987[1] | |||
Recorded | 1986 | |||
Studio | Windmill Lane Studios (Dublin) | |||
Genre | Rock | |||
Length |
| |||
Label | Island | |||
Composer(s) | U2 | |||
Lyricist(s) | Bono | |||
Producer(s) | ||||
U2 singles chronology | ||||
| ||||
Music video | ||||
"Where the Streets Have No Name" on YouTube |
"Where the Streets Have No Name" is a song by Irish rock band U2. It is the opening track from their 1987 album The Joshua Tree and was released as the album's third single in August 1987. The song's hook is a repeating guitar arpeggio using a delay effect, played during the song's introduction and again at the end. Lead vocalist Bono wrote the lyrics in response to the notion that it is possible to identify a person's religion and income based on the street on which they lived, particularly in Belfast. During the band's difficulties recording the song, producer Brian Eno considered erasing the song's tapes to have them start from scratch.
"Where the Streets Have No Name" was praised by critics and became a commercial success, peaking at number thirteen in the US, number fourteen in Canada, number ten in the Netherlands, and number four in the United Kingdom. The song has remained a staple of their live act since the song debuted in 1987 on
Writing and recording
The music for "Where the Streets Have No Name" originated from a demo that guitarist The Edge composed the night before the group resumed The Joshua Tree sessions. In an upstairs room at Melbeach House—his newly purchased home—he used a four-track tape machine to record an arrangement of keyboards, bass, guitar, and a drum machine. Realising that the album sessions were approaching the end and that the band were short on exceptional live songs, he wanted to "conjure up the ultimate U2 live-song", so he imagined what he would like to hear at a future U2 show if he were a fan.[2] After finishing the rough mix, he felt he had come up with "the most amazing guitar part and song of [his] life". With no one in the house to share the demo with, he recalls dancing around and punching the air in celebration.[2]
Although the band liked the demo, it was difficult for them to record the song. Bassist Adam Clayton said, "At the time it sounded like a foreign language, whereas now we understand how it works".[2] The arrangement, with two time signature shifts and frequent chord changes, was rehearsed many times, but the group struggled to get a performance they liked.[2] According to co-producer Daniel Lanois, "that was the science project song. I remember having this massive schoolhouse blackboard, as we call them. I was holding a pointer, like a college professor, walking the band through the chord changes like a fucking nerd. It was ridiculous."[3] Co-producer Brian Eno estimates that half of the album sessions were spent trying to record a suitable version of "Where the Streets Have No Name".[4] The band worked on a single take for weeks, but as Eno explained, that particular version had a lot of problems with it and the group continued trying to fix it up.[4] Through all of their work, they had gradually replaced each instrument take until nothing remained from the original performance.[5]
So much time had been spent on "screwdriver work" that Eno thought it would be best to start from scratch. His idea was to "stage an accident" and have the song's tapes erased.
The studio version of the song was compiled from several different takes.[2] It was one of several songs mixed by Steve Lillywhite in the final months of recording The Joshua Tree.[4][6] Drummer Larry Mullen Jr. later said of the song, "It took so long to get that song right, it was difficult for us to make any sense of it. It only became a truly great song through playing live. On the record, musically, it's not half the song it is live."[2]
Composition
"Where the Streets Have No Name" is played in the key of
The introduction, following a I–IV–I–IV–vi–V–I chord progression, creates a "wall of sound", as described by Mark Butler, against which the vocals emerge after nearly two minutes.[12] The guitar part played for the remainder of the song features The Edge strumming percussive sixteenth notes. The bass and drums continue in regular eighth and sixteenth notes, respectively, while Bono's vocal performance, in contrast, varies greatly in its timbre, ("he sighs; he moans; he grunts; he exhales audibly; he allows his voice to crack")[12] as well as timing by his usage of rubato to slightly offset the notes he sings from the beat.[12]
This development reaches a climax during the first chorus at the line "burning down love" (A–G–F♯–D); the melody progresses through a series of scale degrees that lead to the highest note in the song, the A4 at "burning". In later choruses, Bono sings "blown by the wind" with the same melody, stretching the same note even longer. After the third chorus, the song's outro is played, the instrumentation reverting to the same state as it was in the introduction, with a six-note guitar arpeggio played against sustained synthesiser notes.
"'[Where] the Streets Have No Name' was the perfect introduction. It is one of the most extraordinary ideas, only matched by The Doors' '
Break on Through (To the Other Side)' as a throw-down to an audience. Do you want to go there? Because if you do, I'm ready to go there with you, to that other place. Call it what you like, a place of imagination, where there are no limitations."
—Bono[2]
Lyrics
The lyrics were inspired by a story that Bono heard about
According to him, the song is ostensibly about "Transcendence, elevation, whatever you want to call it."[16] Bono, who compared many of his lyrics prior to The Joshua Tree to "sketches", said that "'Where the Streets Have No Name' is more like the U2 of old than any of the other songs on the LP, because it's a sketch—I was just trying to sketch a location, maybe a spiritual location, maybe a romantic location. I was trying to sketch a feeling."[13]
The open-ended nature of the lyrics has led to many interpretations. Journalist Michael Campbell believed the lyrics send "a message of hope" and wish for a "world that is not divided by class, wealth, race, or any other arbitrary criterion".[17] With regard to the place Bono was referring to in the song, he said, "I'm not sure, really, about that. I used to think it was Belfast..."[16] Journalist Niall Stokes believes the title was influenced by Bono's and his wife Ali's visit to Ethiopia as volunteer aid-workers. Bono has expressed mixed opinions about the open-ended lyrics: "I can look at it now and recognize that [the song] has one of the most banal couplets in the history of pop music. But it also contains some of the biggest ideas. In a curious way, that seems to work. If you get any way heavy about these things, you don't communicate. But if you're flip or throwaway about it, then you do. That's one of the paradoxes I've come to terms with."[18]
In a 2017 interview, Bono said he still felt that the song's lyrics were incomplete, stating "lyrically it's just a sketch and I was going to go back and write it out". He expressed regret for rhyming "hide" with "inside". However, the Edge disagreed with his comments, stating that he loves the song and that Bono is "very hard on himself". Eno responded by commending the "incomplete" lyrics because he feels "they allow the listener to finish them".[19]
Release
Originally, the third single from The Joshua Tree was meant to be the song "
Music video
The video begins with an aerial shot of a block in
Two minutes into the video, U2 are seen on the roof of a liquor store at the corner of 7th St. and S. Main St., and perform "Where the Streets Have No Name" to a large crowd of people standing in the streets surrounding the building. Towards the end of the song, the police tell the crew that the performance is about to be shut down, and eventually police walk onto the roof while the crowd are booing the police.
The video for "Where the Streets Have No Name" was directed by Meiert Avis and produced by Michael Hamlyn and Ben Dossett. The band attracted over 1,000 people during the video's filming, which took place on the rooftop of a liquor store in Downtown Los Angeles on 27 March 1987.[27] The band's performance on a rooftop in a public place was a reference to the Beatles' final concert, as depicted in the film Let It Be.[28]
"The object was to close down the streets. If there's one thing people in LA hate, it's streets closing down, and we've always felt bands should shake things up. We achieved it because the police stopped us filming. Were we worried about being arrested? Not at the time..."
During the shoot U2 played an eight-song set, which included four performances of "Where the Streets Have No Name".
The depiction of the police attempting to shut down the filming due to safety concerns actually happened during filming, just as seen in the video. Hamlyn was almost arrested following a confrontation with the police.
B-sides
"Race Against Time" was released on the 12-inch, cassette, and CD versions of the single.
"Silver and Gold" was written in support of the
"Sweetest Thing" was written by Bono as an apology to his wife for forgetting her birthday.[44] The song opens with a short piano piece before the rest of the band begins to play. Some of Bono's lyrics have been described as reminiscent of John Lennon.[36] The Edge described it as "a beautiful song... which is pop as it should be—not produced out of existence, but pop produced with a real intimacy and purity", also noting that "It's very new for us."[36] It was re-recorded with some lyrical alterations and released in 1998 as a single in its own right for The Best of 1980–1990. Hot Press editor Niall Stokes stated that this track, along with "Race Against Time", is "an indicator of what U2 might have made instead of The Joshua Tree."[35]
Reception
Upon the release of The Joshua Tree, critics praised "Where the Streets Have No Name". Steve Morse of
Live performances
"Where the Streets Have No Name" made its concert debut on 2 April 1987 at Arizona State University Activity Center in Tempe, Arizona on the opening night of The Joshua Tree Tour. A version featuring an extended introduction was performed on the closing nights of the third leg of The Joshua Tree tour, again in Tempe, Arizona, on December 19 & 20, 1987, and footage from the performance was featured in the Rattle and Hum film. The song has since been played at nearly every full-length concert that U2 has headlined, totaling upwards of 900 performances as of 2017[update].[55] The song is widely regarded as one of the group's most popular live songs.[54] Bono said of it, "We can be in the middle of the worst gig in our lives, but when we go into that song, everything changes. The audience is on its feet, singing along with every word. It's like God suddenly walks through the room."[56]
On The Joshua Tree Tour, "Where the Streets Have No Name" was most often used to open concerts.
The song was performed at every show on the 1992–1993
For the
Shortly before the third leg of the Elevation Tour, the September 11 attacks occurred in New York City and Washington D.C. During the band's first show in New York City following the attacks, the band performed "Where the Streets Have No Name", and when the stage lights illuminated the audience, the band saw tears streaming down the faces of many fans.[78] The experience was one inspiration for the song "City of Blinding Lights".[79][80] The band paid tribute to the 9/11 victims during their performance of the song at the Super Bowl XXXVI halftime show on 3 February 2002. The performance featured the names of the September 11 victims projected onto a large white banner behind the band, and concluded with Bono opening up his jacket to reveal the Star Spangled Banner. U2's appearance was later ranked number 1 on Sports Illustrated's list of "Top 10 Super Bowl Halftime Shows".[81]
For the Vertigo Tour, the group originally considered dropping the song from their set lists, but Mullen and Clayton successfully argued against this.[15] All 131 of the Vertigo Tour concerts featured a performance of the song,[82] which were accompanied by the stage's LED video curtains displaying African flags. On the tour's opening night, this reminded Bono that he had originally written the lyrics in an Ethiopian village. He thought this visual accompaniment made the song come full circle, saying, "And here it was, nearly twenty years later, coming back to Africa, all the stuff about parched lands and deserts making sense for the first time."[15] The song was also played at the preview screening of the band's concert film U2 3D at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival.[83] At the Glastonbury Festival 2010, The Edge accompanied rock band Muse for a live cover version of the track,[84] later playing it with U2 while headlining Glastonbury in 2011.
During the
Live performances of "Where the Streets Have No Name" appear in the concert video releases
Legacy
In 2002,
Track listing
No. | Title | Writer(s) | Producer | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. | "Where the Streets Have No Name" (single version) | U2 | Daniel Lanois, Brian Eno | 4:46 |
2. | "Race Against Time" | U2 | U2, Daniel Lanois, Brian Eno | 4:04 |
3. | "Silver and Gold" | Bono | U2 | 4:36 |
4. | "Sweetest Thing" | U2 | U2, Daniel Lanois, Brian Eno | 3:03 |
Credits and personnel
U2
Additional performers
|
Technical
|
Charts
Weekly charts
Chart (1987-1988) | Peak Position |
---|---|
Australia (Kent Music Report)[112] | 27 |
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[113] | 19 |
Canada RPM Top 100[114] | 11 |
Germany (Official German Charts)[115] | 44 |
Ireland (IRMA)[26] | 1 |
Italy (Musica e dischi)[116] | 15 |
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[117] | 10 |
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[118] | 7 |
New Zealand Singles Chart[119]
|
1 |
4 | |
US Billboard Hot 100[23] | 13 |
US Billboard Album Rock Tracks[24] | 11 |
US Cash Box Top 100[120] | 16 |
Year-end charts
Chart (1987) | Position |
---|---|
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[121] | 38 |
Certifications
Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
---|---|---|
Italy (FIMI)[122] sales since 2009 |
Gold | 35,000‡ |
United Kingdom (BPI)[123] | Gold | 400,000‡ |
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |
See also
References
Footnotes
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- ^ Eno, Brian (2007). The Joshua Tree (20th anniversary edition box set). U2.
- ^ McGee (2008), p. 98
- ^ a b Gulla 2009, p. 64.
- ^ a b "U2 – Where the Streets Have No Name Sheet Music". Musicnotes. 10 August 2009. Retrieved 2010-04-29. Note: Software required to view the page.
- ^ "U2 – Where the Streets Have No Name Sheet Music". Musicnotes. 10 August 2009. Retrieved 2010-04-29. Note: Software required to view the page.
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- ^ Campbell, Brody (2007), p. 433
- ^ Stokes (2005), p. 64
- ^ West, Rachel (20 July 2017). "Bono Says 'Where The Streets Have No Name' Is 'Unfinished'". Entertainment Tonight Canada. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- ^ a b c Stokes (2005), p. 206
- ^ U2. Where the Streets Have No Name (12-inch single). Island Records. 12IS 340.
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- ^ "END OF YEAR CHARTS 1987". Official New Zealand Music Chart. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
- ^ "Italian single certifications – U2 – Where the Streets Have No Name" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Select "2021" in the "Anno" drop-down menu. Select "Where the Streets Have No Name" in the "Filtra" field. Select "Singoli" under "Sezione".
- ^ "British single certifications – U2 – Where the Streets Have No Name". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
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