Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/5/Biology and health sciences/Biology

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Biology and health sciences

Vital articles is a list of subjects for which Wikipedia should have corresponding high-quality articles. It serves as a

Vital articles/Level 5
and is currently under construction.

Articles in the Vital list have

their assessments labelled
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  • Former featured articles
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  • Unassessed articles

The progress bar is auto-updated via category count, and the symbols and article counts are updated daily by User:cewbot. Please read the FAQ before modifying the article list.

See also: Agriculture and Biotechnology in Technology

Quota 1,200 articles.

Total 1,045 articles.

Class #Articles
FA 13
GA 98
B 255
C 474
FFA 9
DGA 14
FFAC 1
FGAN 17
Start 199
Stub 6
PR 57
ITN 11

Biology basics

This section contains 70 articles.

Anatomy and morphology

This section contains 332 articles. For anatomy and physiology articles specific to or mostly about human anatomy, see Medical basics -- Human anatomy.

Basic anatomy

This section contains 16 articles.

Animal anatomy and morphology

This section contains 261 articles.

  1. Head (Level 4)
    1. Cheek
  2. Neck
  3. Thorax (Level 4)
  4. Digit (anatomy)
  5. Abdomen (Level 4)
    1. Navel
    2. Peritoneum
  6. Buttocks
  7. Body fluid
    1. Extracellular fluid
  8. Beak
  9. Claw
  10. Fin
  11. Gland
  12. Tail

Circulatory system

This section contains 29 articles.

  1. Circulatory system (Level 3)
  2. Blood (Level 3)
    1. Blood plasma
    2. Blood cell
      1. Platelet
      2. Red blood cell (Level 4)
      3. White blood cell (Level 4)
        1. Neutrophil
        2. Eosinophil
        3. Basophil
        4. Mast cell
  3. Blood vessel
    1. Artery (Level 4)
    2. Arteriole
    3. Capillary (Level 4)
    4. Vein (Level 4)
    5. Venule
  4. Endothelium
  5. Heart (Level 3)
    1. Aorta
    2. Atrium (heart)
    3. Heart valve
    4. Ventricle (heart)
  6. Lymphatic system (Level 4)
    1. Lymph
    2. Lymph node
    3. Lymphatic vessel
  7. Spleen (Level 4)
  8. Blood–brain barrier

Endocrine system

This section contains 7 articles.

  1. Endocrine system (Level 4)
    1. Adrenal gland (Level 4)
    2. Hypothalamus
    3. Parathyroid gland
    4. Pineal gland
    5. Pituitary gland
    6. Thyroid (Level 4)

Gastrointestinal tract

This section contains 25 articles.

  1. Mouth (Level 4)
    1. Palate
    2. Lip
    3. Saliva
      1. Salivary gland
    4. Tooth
      1. Dentition
      2. Gums
  2. Esophagus (Level 4)
  3. Throat
  4. Pharynx
  5. Feces
  6. Liver (Level 3)
    1. Bile
  7. Gallbladder
  8. Appendix (anatomy)
  9. Large intestine (Level 4)
    1. Cecum
    2. Rectum
  10. Small intestine (Level 4)
    1. Duodenum
    2. Jejunum
    3. Ileum
  11. Pancreas (Level 4)
  12. Stomach (Level 4)

Immune system

This section contains 9 articles.

  1. Immune system (Level 3)
  2. Antibody (Level 4)
  3. Antigen
  4. B cell
  5. Dendritic cell
  6. Macrophage
  7. Natural killer cell
  8. T cell
  9. Thymus

Integumentary system

This section contains 13 articles.

  1. Integumentary system (Level 4)
  2. Breast (Level 4)
    1. Nipple
  3. Feather (Level 4)
  4. Fingerprint (Level 4)
  5. Fur (Level 4)
  6. Hair (Level 4)
    1. Hair follicle
  7. Nail (anatomy) (Level 4)
  8. Scale (zoology) (Level 4)
  9. Skin (Level 3)
    1. Epidermis
    2. Dermis

Muscular system

This section contains 6 articles.

  1. Muscular system (Level 4)
  2. Cardiac muscle
  3. Muscle cell (Level 4)
  4. Sarcomere (Level 4)
  5. Skeletal muscle (Level 3)
  6. Smooth muscle

Nervous system

This section contains 77 articles.

  1. Nervous system (Level 3)
    1. Central nervous system (Level 4)
    2. Peripheral nervous system (Level 4)
  2. Antenna (biology)
  3. Brain (Level 3)
    1. Brainstem (Level 4)
      1. Medulla oblongata
      2. Midbrain
      3. Pons
    2. Cerebellum (Level 4)
    3. Cerebral cortex (Level 4)
    4. Cerebrum (Level 4)
      1. Frontal lobe
      2. Occipital lobe
      3. Parietal lobe
      4. Temporal lobe
        1. Amygdala
        2. Hippocampus
  4. Cerebrospinal fluid
  5. Glia
  6. Nerve
    1. Cranial nerves
    2. Spinal nerve
  7. Neuron (Level 4)
    1. Axon
    2. Dendrite
    3. Myelin
    4. Synapse
  8. Spinal cord (Level 4)
  9. Autonomic nervous system
    1. Parasympathetic nervous system
    2. Sympathetic nervous system
  10. Sensory nervous system (Level 4)
    1. Synesthesia
  11. Auditory system (Level 4)
    1. Ear (Level 3)
      1. Eardrum
      2. Ossicles
      3. Cochlea
      4. Hair cell
    2. Hearing (Level 4)
      1. Auditory cortex
  12. Taste (Level 4)
    1. Bitter taste evolution
    2. Pungency
    3. Sweetness
    4. Tongue (Level 4)
    5. Umami
  13. Olfactory system (Level 4)
    1. Nose (Level 4)
    2. Sense of smell (Level 4)
  14. Somatosensory system (Level 4)
    1. Pain (Level 4)
    2. Proprioception
  15. Visual system (Level 4)
    1. Eye (Level 3)
      1. Cornea
      2. Eyelid
      3. Iris (anatomy)
      4. Lens (vertebrate anatomy)
      5. Optic nerve
      6. Photoreceptor cell
        1. Cone cell
        2. Rod cell
      7. Pupil
      8. Retina
      9. Tears
      10. Vitreous body
    2. Visual perception (Level 4)
      1. Accommodation (vertebrate eye)
      2. Color vision (Level 4)
        1. Monochromacy
        2. Dichromacy
        3. Trichromacy
        4. Tetrachromacy
        5. Purkinje effect
      3. Visual cortex

Reproductive system

This section contains 18 articles.

  1. Reproductive system (Level 4)
    1. Sex organ (Level 4)
    2. Female reproductive system (Level 4)
      1. Clitoris (Level 4)
      2. Fallopian tube
      3. Ovary (Level 4)
      4. Placenta (Level 4)
      5. Uterus (Level 4)
        1. Cervix
      6. Vagina (Level 4)
        1. Hymen
    3. Male reproductive system (Level 4)
      1. Penis (Level 4)
        1. Foreskin
        2. Glans penis
      2. Prostate
      3. Testicle (Level 4)
        1. Scrotum

Respiratory system

This section contains 8 articles.

  1. Respiratory system (Level 4)
  2. Gill (Level 4)
  3. Lung (Level 3)
    1. Bronchus
    2. Pulmonary alveolus
  4. Larynx
  5. Thoracic diaphragm
  6. Trachea

Skeletal system

This section contains 35 articles.

  1. Skeleton (Level 3)
  2. Bone (Level 3)
    1. Bone marrow
  3. Antler
  4. Carpal bones
  5. Clavicle
  6. Femur
  7. Fibula
  8. Horn (anatomy)
  9. Humerus
  10. Hyoid bone
  11. Jaw (Level 4)
  12. Joint (Level 4)
    1. Ankle
    2. Elbow
    3. Knee
    4. Wrist
  13. Maxilla
  14. Metacarpal bones
  15. Metatarsal bones
  16. Patella
  17. Pelvis (Level 4)
  18. Phalanx bone
  19. Radius (bone)
  20. Rib
  21. Sacrum
  22. Scapula
  23. Skull (Level 4)
  24. Sternum
  25. Tarsus (skeleton)
  26. Tibia
  27. Ulna
  28. Vertebral column (Level 4)
  29. Exoskeleton
  30. Mollusc shell

Tissues

This section contains 11 articles.

  1. Connective tissue (Level 4)
    1. Adipocyte
    2. Adipose tissue
    3. Cartilage (Level 4)
    4. Fibroblast
    5. Ligament
    6. Tendon (Level 4)
  2. Epithelium (Level 4)
    1. Basement membrane
  3. Muscle (Level 4)
  4. Nervous tissue (Level 4)

Urinary system

This section contains 7 articles.

  1. Bladder (Level 4)
  2. Kidney (Level 4)
    1. Nephron
  3. Urethra
  4. Ureter
  5. Urinary system (Level 4)
    1. Urine

Plant anatomy and morphology

This section contains 48 articles.

Fungal morphology and anatomy

This section contains 7 articles.

Biological processes and physiology

This section contains 127 articles.

Basics

This section contains 50 articles.

  1. Physiology (Level 3)
    1. Plant physiology
  2. Chemosynthesis
  3. Circadian rhythm (Level 4)
  4. Digestion (Level 3)
  5. Excretion (Level 4)
    1. Burping
    2. Defecation
    3. Flatulence
    4. Urination
  6. Healing
    1. Coagulation
    2. Hemostasis
    3. Wound healing
  7. Homeostasis
    1. Acid–base homeostasis
    2. Blood sugar level (Level 4)
    3. Osmoregulation
  8. Metabolism (Level 3)
    1. Biosynthesis
    2. Bradymetabolism
    3. Catabolism
    4. Gluconeogenesis
    5. Metabolomics
    6. Secondary metabolite
  9. Muscle contraction (Level 4)
  10. Photosynthesis (Level 3)
    1. Light-dependent reactions
    2. Calvin cycle
    3. Biological carbon fixation
      1. C3 carbon fixation
      2. C4 carbon fixation
      3. Crassulacean acid metabolism
  11. Respiration (physiology) (Level 4)
  12. Thermoregulation (Level 4)
    1. Warm-blooded
    2. Thermogenesis
    3. Ectotherm
    4. Endotherm
    5. Eurytherm
    6. Poikilotherm
    7. Mesotherm
    8. Homeothermy
    9. Heterothermy
    10. Stenotherm
    11. Kleptothermy
    12. Gigantothermy
    13. Thermostability
    14. Thermolabile
  13. Transpiration (Level 4)

Development

This section contains 2 articles.

  1. Developmental biology (Level 4)
  2. Development of the human body (Level 4)

Animal ontogeny

This section contains 15 articles.

  1. Cuticle (Level 4)
  2. Embryo (Level 4)
  3. Embryology
  4. Fetus (Level 4)
  5. Imago (Level 4)
  6. Larva (Level 4)
  7. Longevity (Level 4)
  8. Metamorphosis (Level 4)
  9. Moulting (Level 4)
  10. Nymph (biology) (Level 4)
  11. Ontogeny (Level 4)
  12. Puberty (Level 4)
  13. Pupa (Level 4)
  14. Tadpole (Level 4)
  15. Umbilical cord

Biological reproduction

This section contains 11 articles.

  1. Reproduction (Level 3)
  2. Asexual reproduction (Level 4)
    1. Parthenogenesis
  3. Sex (Level 3)
    1. Sexual reproduction (Level 4)
    2. Female (Level 4)
    3. Male (Level 4)
  4. Gamete
  5. Germline
  6. Microbial cyst (Level 4)
  7. Spore (Level 4)

Animal reproduction

This section contains 19 articles.

  1. Egg (Level 4)
    1. Oogenesis
    2. Egg white
    3. Yolk
  2. Birth (Level 4)
  3. Lactation
  4. Pregnancy (mammals)
  5. Pregnancy in fish
  6. Semen (Level 4)
    1. Ejaculation
    2. Insemination
  7. Sperm (Level 4)
    1. Spermatogenesis
  8. Animal embryonic development
    1. Zygote
    2. Cleavage (embryo)
    3. Blastulation
    4. Gastrulation
    5. Germ layer

Human reproduction

This section contains 17 articles.

  1. Human reproduction
    1. Pregnancy (Level 3)
      1. Human embryonic development
      2. Human fertilization
      3. Miscarriage
    2. Childbirth (Level 4)
      1. Breech birth
      2. Multiple birth
      3. Preterm birth
      4. Postterm pregnancy
      5. Stillbirth
  2. Menstrual cycle (Level 4)
    1. Menstruation
    2. Ovulation
    3. Premenstrual syndrome
  3. Menopause (Level 4)
    1. Hot flash

Plant reproduction

This section contains 13 articles.

  1. Plant reproduction (Level 4)
  2. Alternation of generations (Level 4)
  3. Gametophyte (Level 4)
    1. Antheridium
    2. Archegonium
  4. Germination
  5. Oogonium
  6. Plant embryonic development
  7. Plant reproductive morphology (Level 4)
  8. Pollen (Level 4)
  9. Pollination (Level 4)
  10. Sporophyte (Level 4)
  11. Vernalization

Biochemistry and molecular biology

This section contains 169 articles.

Biochemistry

This section contains 133 articles.

  1. Biochemistry (Level 3)
  2. Chemical biology (Level 4)
  3. Biomolecule (Level 4)
  4. Structural biology

Alkaloids

This section contains 5 articles.

  1. Alkaloid (Level 4)
  2. Caffeine (Level 4)
  3. Cocaine (Level 4)
  4. Morphine (Level 4)
  5. Nicotine (Level 4)

Biological pigments

This section contains 7 articles.

  1. Biological pigment (Level 4)
  2. Carotenoid (Level 4)
    1. Β-Carotene
    2. Lutein
  3. Chlorophyll (Level 4)
  4. Melanin (Level 4)
  5. Rhodopsin

Carbohydrates

This section contains 19 articles.

  1. Carbohydrate (Level 3)
  2. Monosaccharide
    1. Deoxyribose
    2. Fructose (Level 4)
    3. Galactose
    4. Glucose (Level 4)
    5. Glyceraldehyde
    6. Ribose
  3. Disaccharide
    1. Lactose (Level 4)
    2. Maltose
    3. Sucrose
  4. Polysaccharide
    1. Agar
    2. Cellulose (Level 4)
    3. Chitin (Level 4)
    4. Glycogen (Level 4)
    5. Pectin
    6. Starch (Level 4)

Hormones

This section contains 30 articles.

  1. Hormone (Level 3)
  2. Adrenaline (Level 4)
  3. Androgen
    1. Testosterone (Level 4)
  4. Aldosterone
  5. Cortisol
  6. Dopamine (Level 4)
  7. Endorphins
  8. Estrogen (Level 4)
  9. Glucocorticoid
  10. Growth hormone
  11. Insulin (Level 4)
  12. Leptin
  13. Melatonin
  14. Oxytocin (Level 4)
  15. Progestogen
    1. Progesterone
  16. Secretin
  17. Thyroid hormones
  18. Vasopressin
  19. Plant hormone (Level 4)
    1. Abscisic acid
    2. Auxin
    3. Brassinosteroid
    4. Cytokinin
    5. Florigen
    6. Gibberellin
    7. Jasmonate
    8. Salicylic acid
    9. Strigolactone

Lipids

This section contains 8 articles.

  1. Lipid (Level 3)
  2. Fat (Level 4)
  3. Fatty acid (Level 4)
    1. Omega-3 fatty acid
    2. Omega-6 fatty acid
  4. Lipopolysaccharide
  5. Lipoprotein
  6. Phospholipid

Nucleic acids

This section contains 15 articles.

  1. Nucleic acid (Level 4)
  2. DNA (Level 3)
  3. RNA (Level 3)
    1. Messenger RNA
    2. Transfer RNA
    3. Ribosomal RNA
  4. Adenosine triphosphate
  5. Nucleic acid structure
    1. Base pair
    2. Nucleotide
    3. Adenine
    4. Cytosine
    5. Guanine
    6. Thymine
    7. Uracil

Neurotransmitters

This section contains 5 articles.

  1. Neurotransmitter
  2. Acetylcholine
  3. Catecholamine
  4. γ-Aminobutyric acid
  5. Glutathione

Proteins

This section contains 37 articles.

  1. Protein (Level 3)
  2. Amino acid (Level 4)
    1. Proteinogenic amino acid
    2. Essential amino acid
    3. Alanine
    4. Arginine
    5. Asparagine
    6. Aspartic acid
    7. Cysteine
    8. Glutamic acid
    9. Glutamine
    10. Glycine
    11. Histidine
    12. Isoleucine
    13. Leucine
    14. Lysine
    15. Methionine
    16. Phenylalanine
    17. Proline
    18. Serine
    19. Threonine
    20. Tryptophan
    21. Tyrosine
    22. Valine
  3. Collagen
  4. Enzyme (Level 4)
  5. Glycoprotein
  6. Hemoglobin (Level 4)
  7. Histone
  8. Keratin
  9. Peptide
  10. Peptidoglycan
  11. Protein (nutrient) (Level 4)
  12. Protein biosynthesis
  13. Protein structure
  14. Proteome
  15. Gluten

Steroids

This section contains 3 articles.

  1. Steroid (Level 4)
  2. Cholesterol (Level 4)
  3. Steroid hormone

Molecular biology

This section contains 36 articles.

Zoology

This section contains 56 articles.

Botany

This section contains 10 articles.

Cell biology

This section contains 80 articles.

Basics

This section contains 1 article.

  1. Cell biology (Level 4)

Cell processes

This section contains 33 articles.

  1. Cell death
    1. Necrosis
    2. Programmed cell death (Level 4)
      1. Apoptosis
      2. Autophagy
  2. Cell signaling (Level 4)
    1. Cytokine
    2. Ligand (biochemistry)
    3. Receptor (biochemistry)
      1. G protein-coupled receptor
    4. Signal transduction
    5. Biochemical cascade
    6. Second messenger system
  3. Cellular differentiation
    1. Somatic cell
    2. Stem cell (Level 4)
      1. Embryonic stem cell
      2. Hematopoietic stem cell
  4. Cellular respiration (Level 4)
    1. Anaerobic respiration
    2. Citric acid cycle
    3. Electron transport chain
    4. Glycolysis (Level 4)
    5. Oxidative phosphorylation
  5. Fermentation (Level 4)
  6. Membrane transport
    1. Passive transport
      1. Facilitated diffusion
    2. Active transport (Level 4)
      1. ATPase
      2. Endocytosis
      3. Exocytosis
  7. Protein targeting

Cellular division

This section contains 5 articles.

  1. Cell cycle (Level 4)
  2. Fission (biology) (Level 4)
  3. Meiosis (Level 4)
  4. Mitosis (Level 4)
  5. Plasmid (Level 4)

Cell parts

This section contains 16 articles.

  1. Cell (biology) (Level 2)
  2. Cell junction
  3. Cell membrane (Level 4)
    1. Lipid bilayer
    2. Membrane potential
    3. Membrane protein
  4. Cilium
  5. Cytoplasm (Level 4)
    1. Cytosol
  6. Cytoskeleton (Level 4)
    1. Microfilament
      1. Actin
      2. Myosin
    2. Microtubule
  7. Flagellum (Level 4)
  8. Symbiogenesis (Level 4)

Organelles

This section contains 18 articles.

  1. Organelle (Level 4)
  2. Endomembrane system
  3. Cell nucleus (Level 4)
    1. Chromatin
    2. Chromosome (Level 4)
    3. Nuclear envelope
    4. Nucleolus
  4. Centriole (Level 4)
  5. Endoplasmic reticulum (Level 4)
  6. Golgi apparatus (Level 4)
  7. Lysosome (Level 4)
  8. Mitochondrion (Level 4)
    1. Mitochondrial DNA
  9. Peroxisome
  10. Proteasome
  11. Ribosome (Level 4)
  12. Vacuole (Level 4)
  13. Vesicle (biology and chemistry)

Plant cells

This section contains 7 articles.

  1. Plant cell (Level 4)
  2. Cell wall (Level 4)
  3. Chloroplast (Level 4)
    1. Chloroplast DNA
    2. Thylakoid
  4. Plastid (Level 4)
  5. Plasmodesma

Ecology

This section contains 62 articles.

Genetics

This section contains 43 articles.

Evolutionary biology

This section contains 96 articles.

Basics

This section contains 39 articles.

Human evolution

This section contains 57 articles.