William C. Patrick III

William C. Patrick III (July 24, 1926 – October 1, 2010) was an influential microbiologist and bioweaponeer for the U.S. Army during the Cold War.

Patrick headed the American offensive

biowarfare defense projects

until 1986.

Biography

Youth and education

Patrick was born in Ridgeland, South Carolina in 1926. He served in the U.S. Army during World War II and then attended and graduated (1948) from the University of South Carolina. In 1949 he received a master's degree (microbiology and biochemistry) from the University of Tennessee.

Career

Patrick began his professional career at the research division of

Commercial Solvents in Terre Haute, Indiana

.

The U.S. offensive BW program

From 1951 to 1966, Patrick was employed in a variety of offensive programs which included 1) Project engineer in the design and start-up operations in the virus production facility as well as the freeze drying plant at

Biological Warfare Laboratories

(BWL) for several years.

Role of the Product Development Division

Patrick became Chief of Product Development Division (PDD) of the former BWL in 1965. This division was responsible for the first steps in the weaponization of an agent. He held this position until 1972 when the offensive program was disestablished. Products were developed with those desired or required biological, physical, aerobiological, and storage characteristics for employment in specific prototype munitions. Patrick worked closely with the basic research scientists, the bio-investigators and engineers in the pilot plant (see

Mathematical modeling

was performed in relation to target analysis and target requirements constituted a fundamental objective in the product development cycle.

The U.S. defensive BW program

Patrick joined the new

a broad, complex program of medical defense against bio-agents

. In 1984, he was promoted to one of the most senior civilian positions at USAMRIID as Program Analysis Officer, a position he held until his retirement in 1986.

In retirement

After leaving his government job, Patrick was a consultant to the U. S. Government and private organizations. He performed services on a contractual basis to

Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center, Central Intelligence Agency, USAMRIID, Federal Bureau of Investigation, United States Secret Service, and many other institutions through his own firm, Biothreats Assessment. These services include 1) lectures on agent-munitions weaponization, agent characteristics, aerosol technologies, etc.; 2) mathematical modeling of agents to illustrate target coverage; 3) biodefensive and biosafety lectures; 4) analytical studies of agents and their potential; and 5) lectures on bioterrorism

.

Patrick's BW experience provided significant insights into

National Academy of Sciences

.

Patrick married his second wife, Virginia, in July 1972. He had two sons from his first marriage and two stepchildren. He died from bladder cancer^[1] on 1 October 2010.^[2]

Works

Patrick held five U.S. patents pertaining to biological processes and equipment, and authored 16 articles in scientific journals, as well as 98 in-house Department of the Army publications.

Patrick, William C. (1994), "Biological Warfare: An Overview" In: Director's Series on Proliferation, Livermore, California: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
Patrick, William C. (2001), The Threat of Biological Warfare, for the Washington Roundtable on Science and Public Policy, Washington DC,.^[3]
Sidell, Frederick and William Patrick, Thomas Dashiell, Ken Alibek, Scott Layne, Jane's Chem-Bio Handbook (2005), Second Edition, Jane's Information Group.

Awards

Six U.S. Army Sustained Superior Performance awards (1954, 1958, 1962, 1968, 1977 and 1980).
Special Service Award, 1982
Order of Military Medical Merit, 1986

References

^ Shapiro, T. Rees (2010-10-04). "William C. Patrick III, 84, dies". The Washington Post.
^ "Mr. William C. Patrick III" [Obit]". Frederick News Post. 2010-10-02. Archived from the original on 2010-10-19. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-07-06. Retrieved 2009-12-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[1] Shapiro, T. Rees (2010-10-04). "William C. Patrick III, 84, dies". The Washington Post.

[2] "Mr. William C. Patrick III" [Obit]". Frederick News Post. 2010-10-02. Archived from the original on 2010-10-19. Retrieved 2010-10-04.

[3] "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-07-06. Retrieved 2009-12-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

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