William Ernest, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
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William Ernest | |||||
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Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | |||||
Reign | 5 January 1901 – 9 November 1918 | ||||
Predecessor | Charles Alexander | ||||
Successor | Grand duchy abolished | ||||
Born | Weimar | 10 June 1876||||
Died | 24 April 1923 Henryków, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Silesia | (aged 46)||||
Spouses | |||||
Issue |
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House | House of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | ||||
Father | Charles Augustus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | ||||
Mother | Princess Pauline of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | ||||
Religion | Lutheranism |
William Ernest (Wilhelm Ernst Karl Alexander Friedrich Heinrich Bernhard Albert Georg Hermann, English: William Ernest Charles Alexander Frederick Henry Bernard Albert George Herman; 10 June 1876 – 24 April 1923) was the last grand duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
Biography
He was born in
He succeeded his grandfather Karl Alexander as Grand Duke on 5 January 1901, as his father had predeceased him.
His heir was a distant cousin,
Wilhelm Ernst created the new Weimar town centre under the direction of
The Dutch throne
According to the Dutch constitution, Wilhelm Ernst was in the line for the throne of
Abdication
On 9 November 1918,
Despite all his work for Weimar during his government, Wilhelm Ernst was a hated ruler. This was for his private life, where he was known to be a sadist; the day of his abdication, he was called the "most unpopular prince in all Germany".[1]
He died in Heinrichau in Silesia.
Family and children
In
In
They had four children:
Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
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Princess Sophia of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | 20 March 1911 | 21 November 1988 | married Friedrich Günther, Prince of Schwarzburg; the marriage ended in divorce less than a year later. There were no children. |
Karl August, Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | 28 July 1912[2] | 14 October 1988 | married Baroness Elisabeth of Wangenheim-Winterstein; had issue |
Prince Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | 3 March 1917 | 23 March 1986 | His daughter Katharina Feodora Adelheid Sabine Sophie Felicitas Sieglinde, Princess of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (born 30 November 1943) married Prince Emanuel Joseph von Hohenzollern-Emden, son of Franz Joseph, Prince of Hohenzollern-Emden, on 25 May 1968 (divorced in 1985) |
Prince Georg of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | 24 November 1921 | 11 March 2011 | changed name for Jörg Brena in 1953 and renounced his succession rights |
Honours
He received the following orders and decorations:[3]
- Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach: Grand Cross of the White Falcon, 1894;[4] Grand Master, 5 January 1901
- Ernestine duchies: Grand Cross of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order
- Kingdom of Saxony: Knight of the Rue Crown, 1898[5]
- Duchy of Anhalt: Grand Cross of the Order of Albert the Bear
- Baden: Knight of the House Order of Fidelity, 1901[6]
- Kingdom of Bavaria: Knight of St. Hubert, 1901[7]
- Brunswick: Grand Cross of the Order of Henry the Lion, 1902[8]
- Grand Duchy of Hesse: Grand Cross of the Ludwig Order, 20 February 1902[9]
- Principality of Lippe: Cross of Honour of the House Order of Lippe, 1st Class
- Mecklenburg: Grand Cross of the Wendish Crown
- Oldenburg: Grand Cross of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig, with Collar
- Kingdom of Prussia:
- Knight of the Black Eagle, with Collar, 18 January 1897[10]
- Grand Commander's Cross of the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern
- Reuss: Cross of Honour, 1st Class with Crown
- Württemberg: Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown, 1895[11]
- Austria-Hungary: Grand Cross of the Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen, 1901[12]
- Grand Cross of St. Alexander
- Netherlands:
- Grand Cross of the Netherlands Lion
- Grand Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau
- Russian Empire:
- Knight of St. Andrew, 1901
- Knight of St. Alexander Nevsky, 1901
- Sweden-Norway: Knight of the Seraphim, 18 September 1897[13]
Ancestry
Ancestors of William Ernest, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References
- ^ "The Most Unpopular Prince in Germany': Grand Duke Wilhelm Ernst of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach", European Royal History Journal (XIV): 24–26, December 1999
- ^ "Son Born to Grand Duchess", The Washington Post, Eisenach, Germany, 29 July 1912
- ^ Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach (1913), "Genealogie" pp. 1-2
- ^ Staatshandbuch ... Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach (1900), "Großherzoglicher Hausorden" p. 15
- ^ Sachsen (1901). "Königlich Orden". Staatshandbuch für den Königreich Sachsen: 1901. Dresden: Heinrich. p. 5 – via hathitrust.org.
- ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1910), "Großherzogliche Orden" p. 41
- ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Bayern (1906), "Königliche Orden" p. 8
- ^ Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Herzogtums Braunschweig für 1905. Braunschweig 1905. Meyer. p. 11
- ^ "Ludewigs-orden", Großherzoglich Hessische Ordensliste (in German), Darmstadt: Staatsverlag, 1914, p. 6 – via hathitrust.org
- ^ "Schwarzer Adler-orden", Königlich Preussische Ordensliste (in German), vol. 1, Berlin, 1895, p. 5 – via hathitrust.org
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: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg (1896), "Königliche Orden" p. 29
- ^ "A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish), 1905, p. 441, retrieved 8 March 2021 – via runeberg.org