Women in Georgia (country)

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Women in Georgia
A Georgian woman wearing a national costume
Gender Inequality Index[1]
Value0.280 (2021)
Rank66th out of 191
Global Gender Gap Index[2]
Value0.731 (2022)
Rank55th out of 146
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Women in Georgia live in a society which has been changing over the centuries, where, after decades of Soviet regime, from the 1990s onwards, the culture has seen rapid social changes and new emerging values, but has also been affected by economic instability.

Historical context

feminist

On May 26, 1918, the

Elisabeth Nakashidze-Bolkvadze, Kristine Sharashidze, Eleonora Ter-Parsegova-Makhviladze and Minadora Orjonikidze-Toroshelidze.[3][4]

Elizabeth Orbeliani, first woman lecturer and co-founder of Georgia's first university.

In 1921 Georgia was annexed by the

maternal mortality rate is 36 deaths/100,000 live births (est. 2015).[6]

Constitutional provisions

The Constitution of Georgia states at Article 14 that:

Everyone is free by birth and is equal before law regardless of race, colour, language, religion, political and other opinions, national, ethnic and social belonging, origin, property and title, place of residence.[7]

Social role of women

Because

Orthodox church or Muslim mullahs.[8] The so-called "traditional stereotypes of gender-defined social roles" are undergoing changes because of the education being received by new generation of women.[8]
Clothing norms stipulate that inside churches, head covering and dress or skirt for women are usually required.

Employment

The Labour Code of Georgia has certain protections for women. Article 2 Labor Relations para. 3 prohibits discrimination based on "race, color, language, ethnic or social origin, nationality, origin, property, birth, place of residence, age, gender, sexual orientation, disability, membership of a religious, social, political or other associations, including the trade unions, by marital status, political or other opinion".

maternity leave,[10] and Art 36 and Art 37 in general (and explicitly at sections Art 36(2)g together with Art 37(3)c) protect women from dismissal due to maternity, childbirth and child care, leave for a newborn child adoption and additional leave for child care.[10]
The Law of Georgia on Gender Equality provides additional protections.[11]

Domestic violence and human trafficking

In 2006, Georgia enacted Law of Georgia on Elimination of Domestic Violence, Protection and Support of Victims of Domestic Violence.[12] Georgia also ratified the

Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings in 2007.[13]

References

  1. ^ "Human Development Report 2021/2022" (PDF). HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORTS. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  2. ^ "Global Gender Gap Report 2022" (PDF). World Economic Forum. Retrieved 16 February 2023.
  3. ^ Ugrekhelidze, Mariam (2018). "The five women who crafted the Georgian constitution". JAMnews. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  4. ^ "Exhibition honours women of Georgia's first Constituent Assembly in 1919-1921". Agenda.ge. Retrieved 2022-12-14.
  5. ^ "Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies" (PDF). Gfsis.org. Retrieved 2016-06-17.
  6. ^ "The World Factbook". cia.gov. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  7. ^ "THE CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA" (PDF). Parliament.ge. Retrieved 2016-06-17.
  8. ^ a b c "Culture of Georgia - history, people, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family, social". everyculture.com. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
  9. ^ Corso, Molly (8 March 2013). "Georgia: Women Soldiers Fight for the Right to Fight Like Men". Retrieved 17 June 2016 – via EurasiaNet.
  10. ^ a b c "Трудовой кодекс Грузии | ЮЛПП Законодательный Вестник Грузии". Archived from the original on April 20, 2016. Retrieved April 10, 2016.
  11. ^ "Law of Georgia on Gender Equality | LEPL Legislative Herald of Georgia". Archived from the original on April 20, 2016. Retrieved April 10, 2016.
  12. ^ "Law of Georgia on Elimination of Domestic Violence, Protection and Support of Victims of Domestic Violence | LEPL Legislative Herald of Georgia". Archived from the original on April 21, 2016. Retrieved April 11, 2016.
  13. ^ "Full list". coe.int. Retrieved 17 June 2016.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Women of Georgia.
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