Women in geology

Women in geology concerns the history and contributions of

In the nineteenth century a new professional class of geologists emerged that included women. In this period the British tended to have far more women of significance to geology.[2]

In 1977 the Association for Women Geoscientists was formed.^[3]

Timeline of women in geology

• 1642:
  mineralogist, was imprisoned in France on suspicion of witchcraft.^[4]
• 1824: Emma Hart Willard published Ancient Geography as a supplement to Woodbridge's System of Universal Geography.^[5]
• 1833: Mary Austin Holley remarked and published on the soils, water resources, minerals, and mountains of the Texas region.^[6]
• 1841: Orra White Hitchcock, Sarah Hall, and Mrs. Brooks were among the first women to illustrate geological publications.^[7]
• 1865: Elizabeth Carne was elected the first female Fellow of the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall.^[8]
• 1866: Mrs. Myers, Kate Andrews, and Harriet Huntsman's work appeared in the Illinois, Ohio, and Kansas survey reports respectively.^[7]
• 1889: Mary Emilie Holmes became the first female Fellow of the Geological Society of America.^[9]
• 1893: Florence Bascom became the second woman to earn her Ph.D in geology in the United States, and the first woman to receive a Ph.D from Johns Hopkins University.^[10][11] Geologists consider her to be the "first woman geologist in this country [America]."^[12]
• 1896: Florence Bascom became the first woman to work for the United States Geological Survey.^[13][14]
• 1901: Florence Bascom became the first female geologist to present a paper before the Geological Survey of Washington.^[15]
• 1909: Alice Wilson became the first female geologist hired by the Geological Survey of Canada.^[16][17] She is widely credited as being the first Canadian woman geologist.^[18]
• 1919: Women were first allowed to become Fellows of the Geological Society of London.^[19][20]
• 1921: Ludmila Slavíková was made head of the Department of Mineralogy and Petrology at the National Museum in Prague.^[21]
• 1924: Florence Bascom became the first woman elected to the Council of the Geological Society of America.^[15]
• 1936:
  outer core.^[22]
• 1938: Alice Wilson became the first woman appointed as Fellow to the Royal Society of Canada.^[18]
• 1942: American geologist Marguerite Williams became the first African-American woman to receive a PhD in geology in the United States. She completed her doctorate, entitled A History of Erosion in the Anacostia Drainage Basin, at Catholic University.^[23][24]
• 1943: Eileen Guppy was promoted to the rank of assistant geologist, therefore becoming the first female geology graduate appointed to the scientific staff of the British Geological Survey.^[25]
• 1953: Alice Mary Weeks, and Mary E. Thompson of the United States Geological Survey, identified uranophane.^[26]
• 1955:
  glaciologist to study sea ice from a Canadian icebreaker ship.^[27][28][29]
• 1963: Elsa G. Vilmundardóttir completed her studies at Stockholm University and became the first female Icelandic geologist.^[30]
• 1966:
  MBE.^[31]
• 1967: Sue Arnold became the first female British Geological Survey person to go to sea on a research vessel.^[25]
• 1969: Beris Cox became the first female
  paleontologist in the British Geological Survey.^[25]
• 1971: Audrey Jackson became the first female field geologist in the British Geological Survey.^[25]
• 1975: Female officers of the British Geological Survey no longer had to resign upon getting married.^[25]
• 1977: The Association for Women Geoscientists was founded.^[3]
• 1980: Geochemist Katsuko Saruhashi became the first woman elected to the Science Council of Japan.^[32]
• 1982: Janet Watson became the first woman president of the Geological Society of London.^[33]
• 1983: Geologist Sudipta Sengupta (and marine biologist Aditi Pant) became one of the first two Indian women to join an Antarctic expedition.^[34]
• 1991: Doris Malkin Curtis became the first woman president of the Geological Society of America.^[35]
• 1991: Indian geologist Sudipta Sengupta became the first woman scientist to receive the Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar Award in the Earth Sciences category.^[36][37]
• 1995: Karst in China: its Geomorphology and Environment by Marjorie Sweeting was published; it was the first comprehensive Western account of China's karst.^[38][39]
• 1995: Jane Plant became the first female Deputy Director of the British Geological Survey.^[25]
• 2010: Marcia McNutt became the first female director of the United States Geological Survey.^[40]
• 2014: Maureen Raymo became the first woman to be awarded the Wollaston Medal, the highest award of the Geological Society of London.^[41][42]
• 2016: Geophysicist Marcia McNutt became the first woman president of the American National Academy of Sciences.^[43]
• 2022: Geologist Sherilyn Williams-Stroud was a leading activist for Black Lives Matter.

Notable women geologists

• Claudia Alexander - notable member of the Association for Women Geoscientists
• Florence Bascom - first woman hired by the United States Geological Survey
• Helen Belyea - Canadian geologist
• Jean Milton Berdan - geologist with the United States Geological Survey
• Mary Anning (1799–1847) - early British paleontologist
• Etheldred Benett - early female geologist in Britain
• Rosaly Lopes - planetary geologist, volcanologist Brazilian, an author of numerous scientific papers and several books
• Katharine Woodley Carman
  (1906–1992), American petroleum geologist, micropaleontologist
• Elizabeth Catherine Thomas Carne
  - early female geologist in Britain
• Margaret Crosfield - early English paleontologist and geologist
• Henriette Delamarre de Monchaux (1854–1911), French naturalist, geologist and paleontologist
• Jane Francis - director of the British Antarctic Survey
• Maria Matilda Ogilvie Gordon (1864–1939) - Scottish geologist and paleontologist, 1932 Lyell Medal
• US Bureau of Mines^[44]
• Robbie Gries - former president of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists^[45]
• Dorothy Hill - only female president of the Australian Academy of Science
• Rosemary Hutton – geophysicist and pioneer of magnetotellurics; researcher at the University of Edinburgh^[46]
• Miriam Kastner - distinguished Professor of Earth Sciences at University of California, San Diego, 2008 Maurice Ewing Medal
• Marjorie Korringa - igneous petrologist, volcanologist, and structural geologist
• inner core
• paleoclimatologist, director of Scripps Institution of Oceanography
• Lorraine Lisiecki - American palaeoclimatologist
• Mary Horner Lyell - nineteenth-century British geologist
• Marcia McNutt - American geophysicist, former director of the United States Geological Survey, science adviser to the United States Secretary of the Interior and president and chief executive officer of the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute
• The Geological Society of America
• Marie Morisawa - American geomorphologist
• Helen Morningstar - American geologist, professor in Geology and Paleontology in Ohio State University, member of Phi Beta Kappa, Sigma Xi, the A.A.A.S. and the Paleontological Society of America
• Sharon Mosher - former President, Geological Society of America
• Harry H. Hess Medal
• María Páramo - Colombian geologist and paleontologist
• Maureen Raymo - director of the Lamont–Doherty Core Repository at Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University
• Sudipta Sengupta - professor in structural geology in Jadavpur University, Calcutta
• Ethel Shakespear - English geologist
• Norah Dowell Stearns - American hydrogeologist
• Dawn Sumner - American geologist, planetary scientist, and astrobiologist
• Marjorie Sweeting - lecturer at Oxford University and wrote the first comprehensive Western account of China's karst
• Marie Tharp - A discoverer of the Mid-ocean ridge
• Susan E. Trumbore - member, US National Academy of Sciences, Director, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry
• President of the Geological Society of London
• ALVIN
  diver
• Harry H. Hess Medal
• Larissa Anatoljewna Popugajewa [de; ru] - Soviet geologist and discoverer of diamond deposits in the USSR
• Anna Missuna - Russian-born Polish geologist, mineralogist, and paleontologist

See also

• Women in science
• Women in the workforce

References