Woody Allen
Woody Allen | |
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Born | Allan Stewart Konigsberg November 30, 1935[a] New York City, New York, U.S. |
Education | City College of New York (dropped out) |
Occupations |
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Years active | 1956–present |
Works | Full list |
Spouses |
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Partners |
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Children | 5, including Ronan Farrow and Moses Farrow |
Relatives | Letty Aronson (sister) |
Awards | Full list |
Website | www |
Heywood Allen (born Allan Stewart Konigsberg; November 30, 1935)
Allen began his career writing material for television in the 1950s, alongside Mel Brooks, Carl Reiner, Larry Gelbart, and Neil Simon. He also published several books of short stories and wrote humor pieces for The New Yorker. In the early 1960s, he performed as a stand-up comedian in Greenwich Village, where he developed a monologue style (rather than traditional jokes) and the persona of an insecure, intellectual, fretful nebbish.[15] During this time, he released three comedy albums, earning a Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album nomination for the self-titled Woody Allen (1964).[16]
After writing, directing, and starring in a string of slapstick comedies, such as Take the Money and Run (1969), Bananas (1971), Sleeper (1973), and Love and Death (1975), he directed his most successful film, Annie Hall (1977), a romantic comedy featuring Allen and his frequent collaborator Diane Keaton. The film won four Academy Awards, for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Original Screenplay, and Best Actress for Keaton.[17] Allen has directed many films set in New York City, including Manhattan (1979), Hannah and Her Sisters (1986), and Crimes and Misdemeanors (1989).
Allen continued to garner acclaim, making a film almost every year, and is often identified as part of the New Hollywood wave of auteur filmmakers whose work has been influenced by European art cinema.[18] His films include Interiors (1978), Stardust Memories (1980), Zelig (1983), Broadway Danny Rose (1984), The Purple Rose of Cairo (1985), Radio Days (1987), Husbands and Wives (1992), Bullets Over Broadway (1994), Deconstructing Harry (1997), Match Point (2005), Vicky Cristina Barcelona (2008), Midnight in Paris (2011), and Blue Jasmine (2013).[19]
In 1979, Allen began a professional and personal relationship with actress
Early life and education
Allen was born Allan Stewart Konigsberg
Allen's parents did not get along, and he had an estranged relationship with his authoritarian, ill-tempered mother.[33] He spoke German in his early years.[citation needed] He later joked that he was often sent to interfaith summer camps when he was young. While attending Hebrew school for eight years, he attended Public School 99, now the Isaac Asimov School for Science and Literature,[34] and then Midwood High School, where he graduated in 1953. Unlike his comic persona, he was more interested in baseball than school and his strong arm ensured he was picked first for teams.[35][24] He impressed students with his talent for cards and magic tricks.[36]
Allen wrote jokes (or "gags") for agent David O. Alber to make money, and Alber sold them to newspaper columnists. At age 17, he legally changed his name to Heywood Allen[37] and later began to call himself Woody.[38] According to Allen, his first published joke read: "Woody Allen says he ate at a restaurant that had O.P.S. prices—over people's salaries."[39] He was soon earning more than both of his parents combined.[35] After high school, he attended New York University, studying communication and film in 1953, before dropping out after failing the course "Motion Picture Production". He briefly attended City College of New York in 1954, dropping out during his first semester.[40] He taught himself rather than studying in the classroom.[24] He later taught at The New School and studied with writing teacher Lajos Egri.[41]
Career
1955–1959: Comedy writer and television work
Allen began writing short jokes when he was 15,[42] and the following year began sending them to various Broadway writers to see if they'd be interested in buying them.: 539 One of them, Abe Burrows, co-author of Guys and Dolls, responded to Allen, "Wow! His stuff was dazzling." Burrows then wrote Allen letters of introduction to Sid Caesar, Phil Silvers, and Peter Lind Hayes, who immediately sent Allen a check for just the jokes Burrows included as samples.[43]
As a result of the jokes Allen mailed to various writers, he was invited, then age 19, to join the NBC Writer's Development Program in 1955, followed by a job on The NBC Comedy Hour in Los Angeles. He was later hired as a full-time writer for humorist Herb Shriner, initially earning $25 a week.[39] He began writing scripts for The Ed Sullivan Show, The Tonight Show, specials for Sid Caesar post-Caesar's Hour (1954–1957), and other television shows.[44] By the time he was working for Caesar, he was earning $1,500 a week. He worked alongside Mel Brooks, Carl Reiner, Larry Gelbart, and Neil Simon. He also worked with Danny Simon, whom Allen credits for helping form his writing style.[39][45] In 1962 alone, he estimated that he wrote twenty thousand jokes for various comics.[46] Allen also wrote for Candid Camera, and appeared in several episodes of the television show.[47]
He wrote jokes for the Buddy Hackett sitcom Stanley and The Pat Boone Chevy Showroom, and in 1958 he co-wrote a few Sid Caesar specials with Larry Gelbart.[48] After writing for many of television's leading comedians and comedy shows, Allen was gaining a reputation as a "genius", composer Mary Rodgers said. When given an assignment for a show he would leave and come back the next day with "reams of paper", according to producer Max Liebman.[48] Similarly, after he wrote for Bob Hope, Hope called him "half a genius".[48] His daily writing routine could last as long as 15 hours, and he could focus and write anywhere necessary. Dick Cavett was amazed at Allen's capacity to write: "He can go to a typewriter after breakfast and sit there until the sun sets and his head is pounding, interrupting work only for coffee and a brief walk, and then spend the whole evening working."[49] When Allen wrote for other comedians, they would use eight out of ten of his jokes. When he began performing as a stand-up, he was much more selective, typically using only one out of ten jokes. He estimated that to prepare for a 30-minute show, he spent six months of intensive writing.[49] He enjoyed writing, despite the work: "Nothing makes me happier than to tear open a ream of paper. And I can't wait to fill it! I love to do it."[49]
Allen started writing short stories and cartoon captions for magazines such as
1960–1969: Stand-up comedian
From 1960 to 1969 Allen performed as a comedian to supplement his comedy writing. He worked in various places around
After Allen was taken under the wing of his new manager, Jack Rollins, who had recently discovered Nichols and May, Rollins suggested he perform his written jokes as a stand-up. Allen was resistant at first, but after seeing Mort Sahl on stage, he felt safer to give it a try: "I'd never had the nerve to talk about it before. Then Mort Sahl came along with a whole new style of humor, opening up vistas for people like me."[59] Allen made his professional stage debut at the Blue Angel nightclub in Manhattan in October 1960, where comedian Shelley Berman introduced him as a young television writer who would perform his own material.[59]
His early stand-up shows with his different style of humor were not always well received or understood by his audiences. Unlike other comedians, Allen spoke to his audiences in a gentle and conversational style, often appearing to be searching for words, although he was well rehearsed. He acted "normal", dressed casually, and made no attempt to project a stage "personality". And he did not improvise: "I put very little premium on improvisation," he told Studs Terkel.[60] His jokes were created from life experiences, and typically presented with a dead serious demeanor that made them funnier: "I don't think my family liked me. They put a live teddy bear in my crib."[46] The subjects of his jokes were rarely topical, political or socially relevant. Unlike Bruce and Sahl, he did not discuss current events such as civil rights, women's rights, the Cold War, or Vietnam. And although he was described as a "classic nebbish", he did not tell the standard Jewish jokes of the period.[61] Comedy screenwriter Larry Gelbart compared Allen's style to Elaine May's: "He just styled himself completely after her".[62] Like Nichols and May, he often made fun of intellectuals.
Cavett, who was among the minority to quickly appreciate Allen's style, recalls seeing the Blue Angel audience mostly ignore Allen's monologue: "I recognized immediately that there was no young comedian in the country in the same class with him for sheer brilliance of jokes, and I resented the fact that the audience was too dumb to realize what they were getting."[63] It was his subdued stage presence that eventually became one of Allen's strongest traits, Nachman argues: "The utter absence of showbiz veneer and shtick was the best shtick any comedian had ever devised. This uneasy onstage naturalness became a trademark."[64] When the media finally noticed, writers like The New York Times's Arthur Gelb described Allen's nebbish quality as "Chaplinesque" and "refreshing". Allen developed an anxious, nervous, and intellectual persona for his stand-up act, a move that secured regular gigs for him in nightclubs and on television. He brought innovation to the comedy monologue, genre and his stand-up comedy is considered influential.[65]
Allen first appeared on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson on November 1, 1963, and over nine years his guest appearances included 17 in the host's chair. He subsequently released three LP albums of live nightclub recordings: the self-titled Woody Allen (1964), Volume 2 (1965), and The Third Woody Allen Album (1968), recorded at a fund-raiser for Senator Eugene McCarthy's presidential run.[66] In 1965, Allen filmed a half-hour standup special in England for Granada Television, titled The Woody Allen Show in the U.K. and Woody Allen: Standup Comic in the U.S.[67] It is the only complete standup show of Allen's on film.[67] The same year, Allen, along with Nichols and May, Barbra Streisand, Carol Channing, Harry Belafonte, Julie Andrews, Carol Burnett, and Alfred Hitchcock, took part in Lyndon B. Johnson's inaugural gala in Washington, D.C., on January 18, 1965. First Lady Lady Bird Johnson described Allen and the event in her published diary, A White House Diary, writing in part, "Woody Allen, that forlorn, undernourished little comedian, stopped shooting a movie in Paris and flew across the Atlantic for about five minutes of jokes".[68]
In 1966, Allen wrote an hourlong musical comedy television special for
Allen also performed standup comedy on other series, including The
1965–1976: Broadway debut and early films
Allen's first movie was the Charles K. Feldman production What's New Pussycat? (1965), for which he wrote the screenplay. He was disappointed with the final product, which led him to direct every film he wrote thereafter except Play It Again, Sam.[78] Allen's first directorial effort was What's Up, Tiger Lily? (1966, co-written with Mickey Rose), in which an existing Japanese spy movie—Kokusai himitsu keisatsu: Kagi no kagi (International Secret Police: Key of Keys, 1965)—was redubbed in English by Allen and friends with fresh new, comic dialogue. In 1967, Allen played Jimmy Bond in the James Bond spoof Casino Royale.
In 1966, Allen wrote the play Don't Drink the Water. The play starred Lou Jacobi, Kay Medford, Anita Gillette, and Allen's future movie co-star Tony Roberts.[79] A film adaptation of the play, directed by Howard Morris, was released in 1969, starring Jackie Gleason. Because he was not particularly happy with that version, in 1994 Allen directed and starred in a second version for television, with Michael J. Fox and Mayim Bialik.[80]
The next play Allen wrote for Broadway was Play It Again, Sam, in which he also starred. The play opened on February 12, 1969, and ran for 453 performances. It featured Diane Keaton and Roberts.[81] The play was significant to Keaton's budding career, and she has said she was in "awe" of Allen even before auditioning for her role, which was the first time she met him.[82] In a 2013 interview Keaton said that she "fell in love with him right away", adding, "I wanted to be his girlfriend so I did something about it."[83] After co-starring alongside Allen in the subsequent film version of Play It Again, Sam, she later co-starred in Sleeper, Love and Death, Annie Hall, Interiors and Manhattan. "He showed me the ropes and I followed his lead. He is the most disciplined person I know. He works very hard," Keaton has said.[83]
In 1969, Allen directed, starred in, and co-wrote with Mickey Rose
During the 1970s, Allen wrote, directed and starred in films later known as his "early, funny" work. In 1971, he made Bananas, in which he plays Fielding Mellish, a bumbling New Yorker who travels to Latin America, where he unwittingly becomes a leader of a nation amid a rebellion. The film co-stars Allen's then girlfriend, Louise Lasser, and Carlos Montalbán. It also features a brief appearance by Sylvester Stallone as a train thief and Howard Cosell as himself. In an interview with Roger Ebert, Allen said of making the movie, "The big, broad laugh comedy is a form that's rarely made these days and sometimes I think it's the hardest kind of movie to make...with a comedy like 'Bananas,' if they're not laughing, you're dead, because laughs are all you have."[85]
The next year, he made the anthology comedy film Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex* (*But Were Afraid to Ask), loosely based on the 1969 book of the same name. It stars Allen, Gene Wilder, Lou Jacobi, Anthony Quayle, Tony Randall, and Burt Reynolds. The film received mixed reviews, with Time writing, "the jokes are well-worn, and good, manic ideas are congealing into formulas".[86] The same year, Allen wrote and starred in the film Play It Again, Sam, based on his 1969 play of the same name. It was directed by Herbert Ross and co-stars Diane Keaton (their first film collaboration). He reunited with Keaton in Sleeper (1973), about a man who is cryogenically frozen and later defrosted in a science fiction dystopia. Allen has said the film is a tribute to Groucho Marx and Bob Hope. Sleeper was the first of four screenplays co-written by Allen and Marshall Brickman.[87][88]
Allen collaborated again with Keaton in the comedy
I don't like meeting heroes. There's nobody I want to meet and nobody I want to work with—I'd rather work with Diane Keaton than anyone—she's absolutely great, a natural.
—Woody Allen in July 1976[42]
1977–1989: Established career
Then came two of Allen's most popular films: Annie Hall and Manhattan. Annie Hall (1977) won four Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Actress in a Leading Role for Diane Keaton, Best Original Screenplay and Best Director for Allen. It set the standard for modern romantic comedy and ignited a fashion trend with the clothes Keaton wore in the film. In an interview with journalist Katie Couric, Keaton did not deny that Allen wrote the part for and about her.[89] The film is ranked 35th on the American Film Institute's "100 Best Movies" and fourth on the AFI list of the "100 Best Comedies".
In 1979, Allen paid tribute to one of his comedy idols, Bob Hope, at the Film Society at Lincoln Center, creating a special for the event titled "My Favorite Comedian" that included clips from Hope's films, selected and narrated by Allen. Hope said of the honor, "It's great to have your past spring up in front of your eyes, especially when it's done by Woody Allen, because he's a near genius. Not a whole genius, but a near genius".[90] Dick Cavett hosted the event, but Allen was absent, editing Manhattan. Guests included Keaton, Kurt Vonnegut, and Andy Warhol.
Allen's films in the 1980s, even the comedies, became somber with philosophical undertones, influenced by European directors, especially Ingmar Bergman and Federico Fellini. Stardust Memories was based on 8½, which it parodies, and Wild Strawberries. A Midsummer Night's Sex Comedy was adapted from Smiles of a Summer Night. In Hannah and Her Sisters, part of the film's structure and background is borrowed from Fanny and Alexander. Fellini's Amarcord inspired Radio Days. September resembles Bergman's Autumn Sonata. Another Woman and Crimes and Misdemeanors have elements reminiscent of Wild Strawberries.[91]
Stardust Memories (1980) features Sandy Bates, a successful filmmaker played by Allen, who expresses resentment and scorn for his fans. Overcome by the recent death of a friend from illness, Bates says, "I don't want to make funny movies anymore" and a running gag has various people (including visiting space aliens) telling him that they appreciate his films, "especially the early, funny ones."[92] Allen considers this one of his best films.[93]
Mia's a good actress who can play many different roles. She has a very good range, and can play serious to comic roles. She's also very photogenic, very beautiful on screen. She's just a good realistic actress ... and no matter how strange and daring it is, she does it well.
—Woody Allen (1993)[94]
In 1981, Allen's play The Floating Light Bulb, starring Danny Aiello and Bea Arthur, premiered on Broadway and ran for 65 performances.[95] While receiving mixed reviews, it gave autobiographical insight into Allen's childhood, specifically his fascination with magic tricks. The play, set in 1945, is a semi-autobiographical tale of a lower-middle-class Brooklyn family. New York Times critic Frank Rich gave the play a mild review, writing, "there are a few laughs, a few well-wrought characters, and, in Act II, a beautifully written scene that leads to a moving final curtain".[96] Rich compared it to Tennessee Williams's work.[96] Allen has written several off-Broadway one-act plays, including Riverside Drive, Old Saybrook (at the Atlantic Theater Company), and A Second Hand Memory (at the Variety Arts Theatre).[96][97]
A Midsummer Night's Sex Comedy (1982) was the first movie Allen made starring Mia Farrow, who stepped into Diane Keaton's role when Keaton was shooting Reds.[98] He next directed Zelig, in which he starred as a man who has the ability to transform his appearance to match the people around him.[99]
Allen has combined tragic and comic elements in such films as Hannah and Her Sisters (1986) and Crimes and Misdemeanors (1989), in which he tells two stories that connect at the end. He has also made three films about show business: Broadway Danny Rose, in which he plays a down-on-his-luck New York show business agent; The Purple Rose of Cairo, set during the Great Depression, in which a movie character comes to life to romance an unhappy housewife; and Radio Days, a film about his childhood in Brooklyn and the importance of the radio. The film co-starred Farrow in a part Allen wrote for her.[94] Time magazine called The Purple Rose of Cairo one of the 100 best films of all time.[100] Allen has called it one of his three best films, with Stardust Memories and Match Point.[101] By "best", he said he meant they came closest to his vision. In 1989, Allen and directors Francis Ford Coppola and Martin Scorsese made New York Stories, an anthology film about New Yorkers. Allen's short, Oedipus Wrecks, is about a neurotic lawyer and his critical mother. Film critic Vincent Canby of The New York Times praised the segment as a "priceless contribution" to the film.[102]
1990–2004: Continued work
Allen's 1991 film
He returned to lighter fare such as the showbiz comedy involving mobsters Bullets Over Broadway (1994), which earned an Academy Award nomination for Best Director, followed by a musical, Everyone Says I Love You (1996). The singing and dancing scenes in Everyone Says I Love You are similar to musicals starring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers. The comedy Mighty Aphrodite (1995), in which Greek drama plays a large role, won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for Mira Sorvino. Allen's 1999 jazz-based comedy-drama Sweet and Lowdown was nominated for two Academy Awards, for Sean Penn (Best Actor) and Samantha Morton (Best Supporting Actress). In contrast to these lighter movies, Allen veered into darker satire toward the end of the decade with Deconstructing Harry (1997) and Celebrity (1998).
On March 8, 1995, Allen's one-act play Central Park West[104] opened[105] off-Broadway as a part of a larger piece titled Death Defying Acts,[106] with two other one-act plays, one by David Mamet and one by Elaine May. Critics described Allen's contribution as "the longest and most substantial of the evening".[107] During this decade Allen also starred in the television film The Sunshine Boys (1995), based on the Neil Simon play of the same name,[108] and made a sitcom "appearance" via telephone in a 1997 episode, "My Dinner with Woody", of Just Shoot Me! that paid tribute to several of his films. He provided the voice of Z in DreamWorks' first animated film, Antz (1998), which featured many actors he had worked with; Allen's character was similar to his earlier roles.[109]
Small Time Crooks (2000) was Allen's first film with the DreamWorks studio and represented a change in direction: he began giving more interviews and made an attempt to return to his slapstick roots. The film is similar to the 1942 film Larceny, Inc. (from a play by S. J. Perelman).[110] Allen never commented on whether this was deliberate or if his film was in any way inspired by it. Small Time Crooks was a relative financial success, grossing over $17 million domestically, but Allen's next four films foundered at the box office, including Allen's most costly film, The Curse of the Jade Scorpion (with a budget of $26 million). Hollywood Ending, Anything Else, and Melinda and Melinda have "rotten" ratings on film-review website Rotten Tomatoes and each earned less than $4 million domestically.[111] Some critics claimed that Allen's early 2000s films were subpar and expressed concern that his best years were behind him.[112] Others were less harsh; reviewing the little-liked Melinda and Melinda, Roger Ebert wrote, "I cannot escape the suspicion that if Woody had never made a previous film, if each new one was Woody's Sundance debut, it would get a better reception. His reputation is not a dead shark but an albatross, which with admirable economy Allen has arranged for the critics to carry around their own necks."[113]
2005–2014: Career resurgence
"In the United States things have changed a lot, and it's hard to make good small films now", Allen said in a 2004 interview. "The avaricious studios couldn't care less about good films—if they get a good film they're twice as happy but money-making films are their goal. They only want these $100 million pictures that make $500 million."
Allen reached an agreement to film Vicky Cristina Barcelona in Avilés, Barcelona, and Oviedo, Spain, where shooting started on July 9, 2007. The movie featured Scarlett Johansson, Javier Bardem, Rebecca Hall and Penélope Cruz.[118][119] The film premiered at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival to rapturous reviews, and became a box office success. Vicky Cristina Barcelona won Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy at the Golden Globe awards. Cruz received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.
In April 2008 he began filming Whatever Works,[120] a film aimed more toward older audiences, starring Larry David, Patricia Clarkson, and Evan Rachel Wood.[121] Released in 2009 and described as a dark comedy, it follows the story of a botched suicide attempt turned messy love triangle. Allen wrote Whatever Works in the 1970s, and David's character was written for Zero Mostel, who died the year Annie Hall came out. Allen was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2001.[122] You Will Meet a Tall Dark Stranger, filmed in London, stars Antonio Banderas, Josh Brolin, Anthony Hopkins, Anupam Kher, Freida Pinto and Naomi Watts. Filming started in July 2009. It was released theatrically in the U.S. on September 23, 2010, following a Cannes debut in May 2010, and a screening at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 12, 2010.
Allen announced that his next film would be titled
On October 20, 2011, Allen's one-act play Honeymoon Motel opened on Broadway as part of a larger piece titled
His next film,
Allen's next film,
It's really cool to work with a director who's done so much, because he knows exactly what he wants. The fact that he does one shot for an entire scene—[and] this could be a scene with eight people and one to two takes—it gives you a level of confidence... he's very empowering.
—Blake Lively, on acting in Café Society, June 2016[140]
On March 11, 2014, Allen's musical
In July and August 2014, Allen filmed the mystery drama Irrational Man in Newport, Rhode Island, with Joaquin Phoenix, Emma Stone, Parker Posey and Jamie Blackley.[143] Allen said that this film, as well as the next three he had planned, had the financing and full support of Sony Pictures Classics.[144] Jonathan Romney of Film Comment gave the film a mixed review, praising Stone's performance but calling the film "disconcertingly impersonal—all the more so as it overtly carries certain traditional marks of his patented brand, being a light-highbrow comedy of manners, peppered with bookish in-jokes."[145]
2015–2019
On January 14, 2015,
Allen's next film,
In September 2016 Allen started filming the drama film
Allen returned to filming in New York City with the romantic film
In May 2019, it was announced that Allen's next film would be titled Rifkin's Festival, and Variety magazine confirmed that its cast would include Christoph Waltz, Elena Anaya, Louis Garrel, Gina Gershon, Sergi López, and Wallace Shawn, and that it would be produced by Gravier Productions.[174] The film was produced with Mediapro, an independent Spanish TV-film company.[175] Rifkin's Festival completed filming in October 2019.[176][177] On September 18, 2020, it premiered at the San Sebastián International Film Festival. It received mixed reviews, though Jessica Kiang of The New York Times called it "to the ravenous captive, like finding an unexpected stash of dessert".[178]
2020 to present
On March 2, 2020, it was announced that after shopping the book from publishers it was decided that Grand Central Publishing would release Allen's autobiography, Apropos of Nothing, on April 7, 2020.[179][180][181] According to the publisher, the book is a "comprehensive account of Allen's life, both personal and professional, and describes his work in films, theater, television, nightclubs, and print...Allen also writes of his relationships with family, friends, and the loves of his life."[182][183] The decision to publish the book was criticized by Dylan and Ronan Farrow, the latter of whom cut ties with the publisher.[184][185] The announcement also incited criticism from employees of the publishers.[186][187] On March 6, the publisher announced that it had canceled the book's release, saying in part, "The decision to cancel Mr. Allen's book was a difficult one."[188] Hachette's decision also drew criticism from novelist Stephen King, Executive director of PEN America Suzanne Nossel, and others.[189][190] On March 6, 2020, Manuel Carcassonne of Hachette's French branch, the publishing company Stock, announced it would publish the book if Allen permitted it.[189] On March 23, 2020, Arcade published the memoir.[191][192][193]
In June 2020, Allen appeared on Alec Baldwin's podcast Here's the Thing and talked about his career as a standup comedian, comedy writer, and filmmaker, and his life during the COVID-19 pandemic.[194] In September 2022, Allen suggested that he might retire from filmmaking after the release of his next film.[195] In an interview with La Vanguardia, Allen said, "My idea, in principle, is not to make more movies and focus on writing."[196] Allen's publicist later said, "Woody Allen never said he was retiring, nor did he say he was writing another novel. He said he was thinking about not making films, as making films that go straight or very quickly to streaming platforms is not so enjoyable for him, as he is a great lover of the cinema experience. Currently, he has no intention of retiring and is very excited to be in Paris shooting his new movie, which will be the 50th."[197]
Allen has made 50 feature films to date, with his latest film,
In February 2024, it was reported that Allen had expressed interest in starting a new film as soon as summer 2024: "In a new interview with Spanish filmmaker David Trueba, the 88-year-old Allen confirms that he is currently trying to launch a new film, which could start shooting as early as this summer in Italy."[202]
Theater
While best known for his films, Allen has also had a successful theater career, starting as early as 1960, when he wrote sketches for the revue From A to Z. His first great success was Don't Drink the Water, which opened in 1968 and ran for 598 performances on Broadway. His success continued with Play It Again, Sam, which opened in 1969, starring Allen and Diane Keaton. The show played for 453 performances and was nominated for three Tony Awards, although none of the nominations were for Allen's writing or acting.[203]
In the 1970s, Allen wrote a number of one-act plays, such as
In 1995, after a long hiatus from the stage, Allen returned to theater with the one-act Central Park West,[205] an installment in an evening of theater, Death Defying Acts, that also included new work by David Mamet and Elaine May.[206]
For the next few years, Allen had no direct involvement with the stage, but productions of his work were staged. God was staged at The Bank of Brazil Cultural Center in Rio de Janeiro,[207] and theatrical adaptations of Allen's films Bullets Over Broadway[208] and September[209] were produced in Italy and France, respectively, without Allen's involvement.
In 2003, Allen returned to the stage with Writer's Block, an evening of two one-acts, Old Saybrook[210] and Riverside Drive,[211][205] that played Off-Broadway's Atlantic Theatre.[212] The production marked his stage-directing debut[213] and sold out the entire run.[214]
In 2004, Allen's first full-length play since 1981, A Second Hand Memory,
In October 2011, Allen's one-act play
It was announced in February 2012 that Allen would adapt
Jazz band
Allen is a passionate fan of jazz, which appears often in the soundtracks to his films. He began playing clarinet as a child and took his stage name from clarinetist Woody Herman.[223] He has performed publicly at least since the late 1960s, including with the Preservation Hall Jazz Band on the soundtrack of Sleeper.[224]
Woody Allen and his New Orleans Jazz Band have been playing each Monday evening at the
Allen and his band played at the Montreal International Jazz Festival on two consecutive nights in June 2008.[230] For many years he wanted to make a film about the origins of jazz in New Orleans. Tentatively titled American Blues, the film would follow the different careers of Louis Armstrong and Sidney Bechet. Allen stated that the film would cost between $80 and $100 million and is therefore unlikely to be made.[231]
Influence
Allen has said that he was enormously influenced by comedians
Many comedians have cited Allen as an influence, including
Many filmmakers have also cited Allen as an influence, including Wes Anderson,[254] Greta Gerwig,[255] Noah Baumbach,[256] Luca Guadagnino,[257] Nora Ephron,[258] Whit Stillman,[259] Mike Mills,[260] Ira Sachs,[261] Richard Linklater,[262] Charlie Kaufman,[263] Nicole Holofcener,[264] Rebecca Miller,[265] Tamara Jenkins,[266] Alex Ross Perry,[267] Greg Mottola,[268] Lynn Shelton,[269] Lena Dunham,[270] Lawrence Michael Levine,[271] Olivier Assayas,[272] the Safdie brothers,[273] and Amy Sherman-Palladino.[274]
Directors who admire Allen's work include
Film critics including Roger Ebert and Barry Norman have highly praised Allen's work.[286][287] In 1980, on Sneak Previews, Siskel and Ebert called Allen and Mel Brooks "the two most successful comedy directors in the world today ... America's two funniest filmmakers."[288] Pauline Kael wrote of Allen that "his comic character is enormously appealing to people partly because he's the smart, urban guy who at the same time is intelligent, is vulnerable, and somehow by his intelligence, he triumphs".[citation needed]
Favorite films
In 2012, Allen participated in the
- The 400 Blows (France, 1959)
- 8½ (Italy, 1963)
- Amarcord (Italy, 1972)
- Bicycle Thieves (Italy, 1948)
- Citizen Kane (USA, 1941)
- The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie (France, 1972)
- La Grande Illusion (France, 1937)
- Paths of Glory (USA, 1957)
- Rashomon (Japan, 1950)
- The Seventh Seal (Sweden, 1957)
In his 2020 autobiography Apropos of Nothing Allen praised Elia Kazan's A Streetcar Named Desire (1951):
the movie of Streetcar is for me total artistic perfection... It's the most perfect confluence of script, performance, and direction I've ever seen. I agree with Richard Schickel, who calls the play perfect. The characters are so perfectly written, every nuance, every instinct, every line of dialogue is the best choice of all those available in the known universe. All the performances are sensational. Vivien Leigh is incomparable, more real and vivid than real people I know. And Marlon Brando was a living poem. He was an actor who came on the scene and changed the history of acting. The magic, the setting, New Orleans, the French Quarter, the rainy humid afternoons, the poker night. Artistic genius, no holds barred.
Film activism and preservation
In 1987, Allen joined Ginger Rogers, Sydney Pollack, and Miloš Forman at a Senate Judiciary committee hearing in Washington, D.C., where they each gave testimony against Ted Turner's and other companies' colorizing films without the artists' consent.[292][293] Only one senator, Patrick Leahy, was present for the testimony. Allen testified:
If directors had their way, we would not let our films be tampered with in any way—broken up for commercial or shortened or colorized. But we've fought the other things without much success, and now colorization—because it's so horrible and preposterous and more acutely noticeable by audiences—is the straw that broke the camel's back...The presumption that colorizers are doing him [the director] a favor and bettering his movie is a transparent attempt to justify the mutilation of art for a few extra dollars.[294]
Allen also spoke about his decisions to make films in black and white, such as
In 1990, The Film Foundation was founded as a nonprofit film preservation organization that collaborates with film studios to restore prints of old or damaged films to meet the vision of the original filmmaker. Allen was part of the founding and sat on the foundation's original board of directors alongside Martin Scorsese, Robert Altman, Francis Ford Coppola, Clint Eastwood, Stanley Kubrick, George Lucas, Sydney Pollack, Robert Redford, and Steven Spielberg.[295]
Works
Filmography
Theatrical works
In addition to directing, writing, and acting in films, Allen has written and performed in a number of Broadway theater productions.
Year | Title | Credit | Venue |
---|---|---|---|
1960 | From A to Z | Writer (book) | Plymouth Theatre, Broadway |
1966 | Don't Drink the Water | Writer | Coconut Grove Playhouse, Florida Morosco Theatre, Broadway |
1969 | Play It Again, Sam | Writer Performer (Allan Felix) |
Broadhurst Theatre, Broadway[28] |
1975 | God | Writer | — |
1975 | Death | Writer | — |
1981 | The Floating Light Bulb | Writer | Vivian Beaumont Theater, Broadway |
1995 | Death Defying Acts: Central Park West | Writer | Variety Arts Theatre, Off-Broadway |
2003 | Old Saybrook | Writer and director | Atlantic Theatre Company , Off-Broadway
|
2003 | Riverside Drive | Writer and director | |
2004 | A Second-Hand Memory | Writer and director | |
2008 | Gianni Schicchi | Director | Dorothy Chandler Pavilion, Los Angeles |
2011 | " Honeymoon Motel "
|
Writer | Brooks Atkinson Theatre , Broadway
|
2014 | Bullets Over Broadway | Writer (book) | St. James Theatre, Broadway |
2015 | Gianni Schicchi | Director | Teatro Real, Madrid |
2019 | Director | La Scala, Italy |
Bibliography
- Getting Even (1971)
- Without Feathers (1975)
- Side Effects (1980)
- The Insanity Defense: The Complete Prose (2007)
- Mere Anarchy (2007)
- Apropos of Nothing (2020) (memoirs)
- Zero Gravity (2022)
Discography
- Woody Allen (Colpix Records, 1964)
- Woody Allen Vol. 2 (Colpix Records, 1965)
- The Third Woody Allen Album (Capitol Records, 1968)
- The Nightclub Years 1964–1968 (United Artists Records, 1972)
- Standup Comic (Casablanca Records, 1978)
- Wild Man Blues (RCA Victor, 1998)
- Woody With Strings (New York Jazz Records, 2005)
Awards and honors
External videos | |
---|---|
Woody Allen Introduces "Love Letter to New York in the Movies:" 2002 Oscars, Oscars , 10:24, February 1, 2012 |
Over his more than 50-year film career, Allen has received many award nominations. He holds the record for most
Allen shuns award ceremonies, citing their subjectivity. His first and only appearance at the Academy Awards was at the
Allen has received numerous honors, including an Honorary
In 2004, Comedy Central ranked Allen fourth on a list of the 100 greatest stand-up comedians,[299][300] while a UK survey ranked Allen the third-greatest comedian.[301]
Year | Title | Academy Awards | BAFTA Awards | Golden Globe Awards | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominations | Wins | Nominations | Wins | Nominations | Wins | ||
1977 | Annie Hall | 5 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 1 |
1978 | Interiors | 5 | 2 | 1 | 4 | ||
1979 | Manhattan | 2 | 10 | 2 | 1 | ||
1983 | Zelig | 2 | 5 | 2 | |||
1984 | Broadway Danny Rose | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
1985 | The Purple Rose of Cairo | 1 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 2 | |
1986 | Hannah and Her Sisters | 7 | 3 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 1 |
1987 | Radio Days | 2 | 7 | 2 | |||
1989 | Crimes and Misdemeanors | 3 | 6 | 1 | |||
1990 | Alice | 1 | 1 | ||||
1992 | Husbands and Wives | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||
1993 | Manhattan Murder Mystery | 1 | 1 | ||||
1994 | Bullets Over Broadway | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
1995 | Mighty Aphrodite | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
1996 | Everyone Says I Love You | 1 | |||||
1997 | Deconstructing Harry | 1 | |||||
1999 | Sweet and Lowdown | 2 | 2 | ||||
2000 | Small Time Crooks | 1 | |||||
2005 | Match Point | 1 | 4 | ||||
2008 | Vicky Cristina Barcelona | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 |
2011 | Midnight in Paris | 4 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 | |
2013 | Blue Jasmine | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 |
Total | 53 | 12 | 61 | 17 | 47 | 9 |
Personal life
Allen has been married three times: to Harlene Rosen from 1956 to 1959, Louise Lasser from 1966 to 1970, and Soon-Yi Previn since 1997. He also had a 12-year relationship with actress Mia Farrow and relationships with Stacey Nelkin and Diane Keaton.
Early marriages and relationships
In 1956, Allen married Harlene Rosen. He was 20 and she was 17. The marriage lasted until 1959.[302] Rosen, whom Allen called "the Dread Mrs. Allen" in his standup act, sued him for defamation as a result of comments he made during a television appearance shortly after their divorce. In his mid-1960s album Standup Comic, Allen said that Rosen had sued him because of a joke he made in an interview. Rosen had been sexually assaulted outside her apartment. According to Allen, the newspapers reported that she had been "violated". In the interview, Allen said, "Knowing my ex-wife, it probably wasn't a moving violation." In an interview on The Dick Cavett Show, Allen repeated his comments and said that she "sued me for a million dollars".[303]
In 1966, Allen married Louise Lasser. They divorced in 1970. Lasser provided voice dubbing in Allen's What's Up, Tiger Lily? and appeared in three of his other films: Take the Money and Run, Bananas, and Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex* (*But Were Afraid to Ask). She also appeared briefly in Stardust Memories.
According to the Los Angeles Times, Manhattan was based on Allen's romantic relationship with actress Stacey Nelkin.[304] Her bit part in Annie Hall ended up on the cutting room floor, and their relationship, never publicly acknowledged by Allen, reportedly began when she was 17 and a student at Stuyvesant High School in New York.[305][306][307] In December 2018 The Hollywood Reporter interviewed Babi Christina Engelhardt, who said she had an eight-year affair with Allen that began in 1976 when she was 17 years old (they met when she was 16), and that she believes the character of Tracy in Manhattan is a composite of any number of Allen's presumed other real-life young paramours from that period, not necessarily Nelkin or Engelhardt. When asked, Allen declined to comment.[308]
Diane Keaton
In 1968,[309] Allen cast Diane Keaton in his Broadway show Play It Again, Sam. During the run she and Allen became romantically involved. Although they broke up after a year, she continued to star in his films, including Sleeper as a futuristic poet and Love and Death as a composite character based on the novels of Tolstoy and Dostoevsky. Annie Hall was very important in Allen's and Keaton's careers. It is said that the role was written for her, as Keaton's birth name was Diane Hall. She then starred in Interiors as a poet, followed by Manhattan. In 1987, she had a cameo as a nightclub singer in Radio Days, and she was chosen to replace Mia Farrow in Manhattan Murder Mystery after Allen and Farrow began having problems with their relationship. In total Keaton has starred in eight of Allen's films. As of 2018 Keaton and Allen remain close friends.[310] In a rare public appearance, Allen presented Keaton with the AFI Life Achievement Award in 2017.[311]
Mia Farrow
Allen and Mia Farrow met in 1979 and began a relationship in 1980;[312] Farrow starred in 13 of Allen's films from 1982 to 1992.[313] Throughout the relationship they lived in separate apartments on opposite sides of Central Park in Manhattan. Farrow had seven children when they met: three biological sons from her marriage to composer André Previn, three adopted girls (two Vietnamese and one South Korean, Soon-Yi Previn), and an adopted South Korean boy, Moses Farrow.[312]
In 1984, she and Allen tried to conceive a child together; Allen agreed to this on the understanding that he need not be involved in the child's care. When the effort failed, Farrow adopted a baby girl,
Soon-Yi Previn
In 1977, Mia Farrow and André Previn adopted Soon-Yi Previn from Seoul, South Korea. She had been abandoned. The Seoul Family Court established a Family Census Register (legal birth document) on her behalf on December 28, 1976, with a presumptive birth date of October 8, 1970;[318][319] according to Maureen Orth, a bone scan in the U.S. estimated that she was between five and seven years old.[b] According to Previn, her first friendly interaction with Allen took place when she was injured playing soccer during 11th grade and Allen offered to transport her to school. After her injury, she began attending New York Knicks basketball games with Allen in 1990.[321] They attended more games and by 1991 had become closer.[314] In September 1991, she began studies at Drew University in New Jersey.[322]
In January 1992, Farrow found nude photographs of Previn in Allen's home. Allen, then 56, told Farrow that he had taken the photos the day before, approximately two weeks after he first had sex with Previn.[323] Both Farrow and Allen contacted lawyers shortly after the photographs were discovered.[314][320] Previn was asked to leave summer camp because she was spending too much time taking calls from a "Mr. Simon", who turned out to be Allen.[322]
In an August 1992 interview with
On August 17, 1992, Allen issued a statement saying that he was in love with Previn.[325] Their relationship became public and "erupted into tabloid headlines and late-night monologues in August 1992."[326]
Allen and Previn were married in Venice, Italy, on December 23, 1997.[327] They have two adopted daughters,[328][329] and live in the Carnegie Hill section of Manhattan's Upper East Side.[330]
Sexual abuse allegation
According to court testimony, on August 4, 1992, Allen visited the children at Mia Farrow's home in
In June 1993, Judge Elliott Wilk rejected Allen's bid for custody and rejected the allegation of sexual abuse. Wilk said he was less certain than the Yale-New Haven team that there was conclusive evidence that there was no sexual abuse and called Allen's conduct with Dylan "grossly inappropriate",[337][338][339] although not sexual.[340] In September 1993, the state prosecutor announced that despite having "probable cause", he would not pursue charges in order "to avoid the unjustifiable risk of exposing a child to the rigors and uncertainties of a questionable prosecution".[337][341] In October 1993 the New York Child Welfare Agency of the State Department of Social Services closed a 14-month investigation and concluded there was not credible evidence of abuse or maltreatment, and the allegation was unfounded.[342]
In 2014, when Allen received a
In 2018, Moses Farrow (Mia Farrow's and Allen's adopted son who was present at her Bridgewater house during Allen's visit) published a blog post called "A Son Speaks Out." In the post, Moses strenuously denied the abuse allegations, writing, "given the incredibly inaccurate and misleading attacks on my father, Woody Allen, I feel that I can no longer stay silent as he continues to be condemned for a crime he did not commit." He also recounted a series of instances of alleged physical abuse at the hands of Mia Farrow: "It pains me to recall instances in which I witnessed siblings, some blind or physically disabled, dragged down a flight of stairs to be thrown into a bedroom or a closet, then having the door locked from the outside. [Mia] even shut my brother Thaddeus, paraplegic from polio, in an outdoor shed overnight as punishment for a minor transgression".[350][351]
Works about Allen
From 1976 to 1984
The 1997 documentary Wild Man Blues, directed by Barbara Kopple, focuses on Allen, and other documentaries featuring Allen include the 2002 cable television documentary Woody Allen: A Life in Film, directed by Time film critic Richard Schickel, which interlaces interviews of Allen with clips of his films,[354] and the 1986 short film Meetin' WA, in which Allen is interviewed by French New Wave director Jean-Luc Godard.[355]
In 2003, a life-size bronze statue of Allen was installed in Oviedo, Spain. He had visited the city the previous year to accept a Prince of Asturias Award.[356]
In 2011 the PBS series American Masters co-produced the documentary Woody Allen: A Documentary, directed by Robert B. Weide. New interviews provide insight and backstory with Diane Keaton, Scarlett Johansson, Penélope Cruz, Dianne Wiest, Larry David, Chris Rock, Martin Scorsese, Dick Cavett, and Leonard Maltin, among others.[357]
Eric Lax wrote the book Woody Allen: A Biography.[24]
In 2015 David Evanier published Woody: The Biography, which was billed as the first new biography of Allen in over a decade.
In early March 2020, Grand Central Publishing, a division of Hachette Book Group, announced that it would publish Allen's memoir, Apropos of Nothing, on April 7, 2020.[358] Days later, after employee walkouts, parent company Hachette announced that the title was canceled and rights had reverted to Allen.[359] On March 23, 2020, Skyhorse Publishing announced that it had acquired and released Apropos of Nothing through its Arcade imprint.[192]
In February 2021, HBO released Kirby Dick's and Amy Ziering's four-part documentary Allen v. Farrow, which explores the sexual abuse allegations against Allen.[360][361] The series drew largely positive reviews from critics. Lorraine Ali of the Los Angeles Times wrote that it "makes a compelling argument that Allen got away with the unthinkable thanks to his fame, money, and revered standing in the world of film—and that a little girl never received justice."[362] Rachel Brodsky wrote in The Independent that the "documentary will sound the death knell for Woody Allen's career."[363] Hadley Freeman in The Guardian wrote that the series "sets itself up as an investigation but much more resembles PR, as biased and partial as a political candidate's advert vilifying an opponent in election season."[364] A statement on behalf of Allen and Previn denounced the documentary as "a hatchet job riddled with falsehoods" and said that they were approached two months before it was aired on HBO and "given only a matter of days 'to respond.' Of course, they declined to do so."[365] The filmmakers said they gave Allen and Previn two weeks to comment, which is "more than ample time by journalistic standards."[366]
Notes
- ^ a b c Despite most references listing his birth date as December 1, in his 2020 autobiography, Apropos of Nothing, Allen writes that he was actually born on November 30: "Actually, I was born on the thirtieth of November very close to midnight, and my parents pushed the date so I could start off on a day one."[1] The discrepancy first came to light in 2015, when author David Evanier addressed it in his book Woody Allen: The Biography.[2][3][4][5] Since Allen's confirmation, various sources have corrected the date in their databases.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]
- ^ Maureen Orth (Vanity Fair, November 1992): "Nobody knows how old Soon-Yi really is. Without ever seeing her, Korean officials put her age down as seven on her passport. A bone scan Mia had done on her in the U.S. put her age at between five and seven. In the family, Soon-Yi is considered to have turned 20 this year [1992], on October 8.[320]
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I never had a teacher who made the least impression on me. If you ask me who are my heroes, the answer is simple and truthful: George S. Kaufman and the Marx Brothers.
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I think it turned out to be the best film I've ever made.
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{{cite web}}
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Works cited
- "Woody Allen on Life, Films and Whatever Works". National Public Radio. June 15, 2009.
- Allen, Woody; Luttazzi, Daniele Daniele (2004). Rivincite (in Italian). Bompiani. ISBN 978-88-452-3306-7.
- Allen, Woody (2020). Apropos of Nothing (1st ed.). Arcade Publishing. OCLC 1146226397.
- Bailey, Peter J. (2001). The Reluctant Film Art of Woody Allen. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 978-0813190419.
- ISBN 978-0786708079.
- Björkman, Stig (1993). Woody Allen on Woody Allen. Faber & Faber.
- Child, Doreen (2010). Charlie Kaufman: Confessions of an Original Mind. Praeger. ISBN 9780313358616.
- Ebert, Roger (November 2006). Roger Ebert's Movie Yearbook 2007. Andrews McMeel Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7407-6157-7.
- Evanier, David (2015). Woody: The Biography. New York City: ISBN 978-1250047267.
- Finch, John; Cox, Michael; Giles, Marjorie (November 8, 2003). Granada Television--The First Generation. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-6515-6.
- Fox, Julian (1996). Woody: Movies from Manhattan. Woodstock, New York: Overlook Press. ISBN 978-0879516925.
- Galef, David (February 21, 2003). "Getting Even: Literary Posterity and the Case for Woody Allen". South Atlantic Review. 64 (2): 146–160. JSTOR 3201987.
- Gross, Terry (January 27, 2012). "Woody Allen: Blending Real Life With Fiction". Fresh Air. Archived from the original on September 11, 2012. Retrieved April 7, 2012.
- Groteke, Kristi (1994). Mia & Woody: Love and Betrayal. Carroll & Graf. OCLC 1036704501.
After Alison Stickland left Frog Hollow on the afternoon of August 4, she told Casey in passing, "I had seen something at Mia's that was bothering me." What she claimed to have seen was this: In the television room that afternoon, Dylan was sitting on the sofa, and Woody was kneeling on the floor, facing her, with his head in her lap. Casey phoned Mia the next day, August 5, and, in passing, related Alison's remark.
- Johnson, Lady Bird (November 1, 2007). A White House Diary. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-71749-7.
- Kakutani, Michiko (1995). "Woody Allen, The Art of Humor No. 1". The Paris Review. Fall 1995 (136). Retrieved November 14, 2018.
- Lax, Eric (1992). Woody Allen: A Biography. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-80985-9.
- Lax, Eric; Allen, Woody (2009). Conversations with Woody Allen: His Films, the Movies, and Moviemaking. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-1-4000-3149-8.
- Meade, Marion (2000). The unruly life of Woody Allen: a biography. New York: Scribner. OCLC 42291110.
- Nachman, Gerald (2003). Seriously Funny: The Rebel Comedians of the 1950s and 1960s. Pantheon Books. ISBN 978-0-375-41030-7.
- Norwood, Stephen Harlan; Pollack, Eunice G. (2008). Encyclopedia of American Jewish history – Stephen Harlan Norwood, Eunice G. Pollack – Google Books. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 9781851096381. Retrieved July 24, 2013.
- Stevens, Matt; Johnson, Claudia (March 31, 2016). Script Partners: How to Succeed at Co-Writing for Film & TV: How to Succeed at Co-Writing for Film & TV. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-317-41792-7.
External links
- Official website
- Woody Allen at IMDb
- Woody Allen at the TCM Movie Database
- Woody Allen on National Public Radio (Fresh Air), June 15, 2009