Work unit
A work unit or danwei (
Danwei system
Institutions such as industrial factories, schools and hospitals, and government departments are all part of the danwei system.[2] Among them, the heavy industrial work units, commonly viewed as the prototype of the socialist workplace, were granted priority for resources. During the Maoist era, the work unit served as multifunctional urban institutions that encompassed various aspects of urban livelihoods. Danwei contained facilities for work and daily living, including production facilities, offices, residential areas, social services, child-care facilities, dry goods stores, public toilets, bath houses, meeting rooms, clubs for retirees, and sports courts and fields.[3]: 310 Larger danwei might have schools or in-patient healthcare clinics.[3]: 310 Workers' benefits were only partly in the form of wages, which significant benefits coming in the form of state-provided services and the like.[4] Therefore, work units provided essential social resources to its members when the market economy had not yet fully developed. The industrial danwei was a state institution.[4]
Amongst other things, the work unit assigned individuals living quarters and provided them with food, which was eaten in centralized canteens. The danwei system was crucial to the implementation of the
Among the goals that state planners sought to advance through constructing danwei as part of China's urbanization was the development of a socialist citizenry with a proletarian consciousness.[5]: 24 In the danwei, urban Chinese lived and worked together in a collective and egalitarian environment.[5]: 59
The increasing liberalization of
At the same time the role of the work unit has changed as China has moved from a
Background
The role of the danwei was modeled in part on the Soviet
See also
- Dangan
- Hukou system
- People's commune
- Production brigade
- Production team (China)
- Shequ, structural replacement for Danwei
- Inminban
References
- OCLC 881183403.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-78873-476-9
- ^ ISBN 9780295751719.
- ^ OCLC 1156439609.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-5179-0031-1.
- ISBN 9781760462499.
- JSTOR j.ctvjf9wzk.
- ^ Kaple, Deborah A. Dream of a Red Factory: The Legacy of High Stalinism in China. Oxford University Press.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. Country Studies. Federal Research Division. [1]
Bibliography
- Bjorklund, E. M. “The Danwei: Socio-Spatial Characteristics of Work Units in China's Urban Society.” Economic Geography, vol. 62, no. 1, 1986, pp. 19–29.
- Chai, Yanwei (2014-09-24). "From socialist danwei to new danwei: a daily-life-based framework for sustainable development in urban China". Asian Geographer.
- "Danwei -Work Unit Urbanism | Model House". transculturalmodernism.org. Retrieved 2019-11-30.
- Danwei : the changing Chinese workplace in historical and comparative perspective. Lü, Xiaobo, 1959-, Perry, Elizabeth J. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. 1997
- Lin, Kevin. "Work Unit.” Afterlives of Chinese Communism: Political Concepts from Mao to Xi, edited by Christian Sorace et al., ANU Press, Australia, 2019, pp. 331–334.
- Kaple, Deborah A. (1994-01-06). Dream of a Red Factory: The Legacy of High Stalinism in China. Oxford University Press.
- Walder, Andrew G. Communist Neo-Traditionalism: Work and Authority in Chinese Industry. University of California Press, 1986.
- Whyte, Martin King and William L. Parish. Urban Life in Contemporary China. University of Chicago Press. 1984.
- 刘建军。《单位中国 : 社会调控体系重构中的个人, 组织与国家》。天津:天津人民出版社, 2000.