Wyck House
Wyck House | |
Contributing Property | |
Coordinates | 40°1′18″N 75°10′43″W / 40.02167°N 75.17861°W |
---|---|
Area | 2.5 acres (1.0 ha) |
Architect | William Strickland |
Part of | Colonial Germantown Historic District (ID66000678) |
NRHP reference No. | 71000736[1] |
Significant dates | |
Added to NRHP | October 26, 1971[2] |
Designated NHL | December 14, 1990 |
Designated NHLDCP | June 23, 1965 |
The Wyck house, also known as the Haines house or Hans Millan house, is a historic mansion, museum, garden, and urban farm in the
During the
The house was renovated in 1824 by William Strickland, the famous Greek revivalist architect.[5] The following year, Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette returned to visit the sites of the Battle of Germantown, and was hosted in a reception at Wyck.[6][15]
History
Wyck's earliest owner was Hans Millan (also spelled Milan), a Quaker who came from
In the next generation, Margaret Wistar (daughter of Catherine and Caspar) married Reuben Haines, a brewer and merchant of English descent from Burlington County, NJ.[17] In 1771, Reuben funded the construction of a road (now Pennsylvania Route 45) from Sunbury through the "Woodward Narrows", to the modern site of Spring Mill — the first road in what is now Centre County.[18] The modern boundaries of Penn Township (formed 1844) and a portion of Gregg Township (formed 1826) were annexed from a larger Haines Township (now only 148.6 km2) that was established before Centre County was officially declared in 1800.[18]
Their son Caspar Wistar Haines continued the family businesses and married Hannah Marshall, a member of another Quaker family.
Wyck served as a summer home until Reuben Haines III moved his family into it as their permanent residence. Shortly after this move, he hired his friend, William Strickland, to remodel the entire building. Reuben is also responsible for Wyck's name, as nobody with the last name Wyck ever married into the family. On one of his many travels, Reuben came across a landscape sketch of Wyck the Seat of Richard Haines esq. Believing that Richard Haines was a relative, Reuben brought the sketch back to his house, and started calling his own home Wyck. It was later revealed that Reuben's family had no connection to Richard Haines, but the name stuck.[6]
In the eighth generation, Jane B. Haines founded the first school of horticulture for women, the Pennsylvania School of Horticulture for Women, which is now Temple Ambler, and one brother, Caspar, helped design the Mexican railway system; while another, Robert, invented a gauge for measuring steel in rolling mills.[6]
The last owners, Robert B. Haines and his wife Mary (Troth) Haines, were fruit growers. Robert patented a device to press apples for a more natural tasting juice.[19] In 1973, after Robert's death, Mary Haines initiated the transfer of Wyck and its private collections, and since 1978 the site has been run by the Wyck Association.[6] Today, Wyck is maintained as a house museum.[20]
Architecture
Wyck is an architecturally innovative house with an old-fashioned skin. From the outside it appears colonial in plan and design with some fashionable accents such as the late 18th-century whitewashed stucco.
The house is actually an accumulation of 18th-century parts: the hall (c. 1700–1720), the front parlor (1736) and the library and dining room from (1771–1773, which replaced a c. 1690 log structure.)
The house has been little altered since 1824, when Philadelphia architect William Strickland dramatically rearranged its interior spaces to create an open plan, allowing light to flood each room and bringing the pleasures of the garden inside. Strickland also added a set of "folding doors", which swing on a 90 degree angle, allowing the owners to close off two rooms with only one door.
See also
- List of the oldest buildings in Pennsylvania
- List of National Historic Landmarks in Philadelphia
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Northwest Philadelphia
References
- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
- ^ Listing at the National Park Service
- ISBN 978-0-8122-3142-7.
- ^ "NHL nomination for Wyck". National Park Service. Retrieved March 28, 2017.
- ^ a b c American Philosophical Society Library (Mss.Ms.Coll.52). Wyck Association Collection. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. https://search.amphilsoc.org/collections/view?docId=ead/Mss.Ms.Coll.52-ead.xml;query=Wyck;brand=default
- ^ a b c d e f g h Claussen, W. Edmunds (1970). Wyck: The Story of an Historic House. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Published by Mary Troth Haines.
- ^ Hotchkin, Samuel Fitch (1889). Ancient and Modern Germantown, Mount Airy and Chestnut Hill. P. W. Ziegler & Company.
- ISBN 978-0-8122-3142-7.
- ^ Halley, Matthew R. (2018). "Lost tales of American ornithology: Reuben Haines and the Canada Geese of Wyck (1818–1828)" (PDF). Cassinia. 76: 52–63.
- ISBN 978-1-5416-7418-9.
- S2CID 164642352.
- ^ Say, Thomas (1825). "Description of three new species of Coluber, inhabiting the United States". Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 4: 237–241.
- ^ Say, Thomas; Binney, W. G. (1856). Descriptions of terrestrial shells of North America. Philadelphia: Childs & Peterson.
- ^ "ANSP Malacology Collection Specimen Search Details". clade.ansp.org. Retrieved November 2, 2021.
- ^ Jenkins, Charles Francis (1911). Lafayette's Visit to Germantown, July 20, 1825: An Address Delivered Before the Pennsylvania Genealogical Society, March 1, 1909, the Pennsylvania Historical Society, May 10, 1909, the Site and Relic Society of Germantown, May 20, 1910, the City History Society of Philadelphia, Jan. 11, 1911. W. J. Campbell.
- ^ a b HABS-Hare Documentation
- ^ a b Wistar Family: A Genealogy of the Descendants of Caspar Wistar, Emigrant in 1717. author. 1896.
- ^ a b "Centre County's Townships and Boroughs - Centre County Historical Society". Retrieved August 10, 2020.
- ^ "Continuous press". Robert B Haines, Robert B Haines. April 6, 1942.
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(help)CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ "Wyck – Historic House | Garden | Farm". wyck.org. Retrieved August 28, 2020.
External links
- Official website
- Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) No. PA-7-3, "Wyck", 8 photos, 23 measured drawings, 4 data pages, 1 photo caption page, supplemental material
- Listing at Philadelphia Architects and Buildings