Wythenshawe
Wythenshawe | ||
---|---|---|
Metropolitan county | ||
Region | ||
Country | England | |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom | |
Post town | MANCHESTER | |
Postcode district | M22 | |
Dialling code | 0161 | |
Police | Greater Manchester | |
Fire | Greater Manchester | |
Ambulance | North West | |
UK Parliament | ||
Wythenshawe (/ˈwɪðənʃɔː/) is an area of south Manchester, England. Historically part of Cheshire,[1] in 1931, Wythenshawe was transferred to the City of Manchester, which had begun building a large new housing estate there in the 1920s. With an area of approximately 11 square miles (28 km2), Wythenshawe became the largest council estate in Europe.[2][3] Despite it not having town status, the Manchester Metrolink station which serves the main district centre is called Wythenshawe Town Centre tram stop.[4]
Wythenshawe includes the areas of Baguley, Benchill, Peel Hall, Newall Green, Woodhouse Park, Moss Nook, Northern Moor, Northenden and Sharston.[5]
History
Due to spending cuts, the hall was temporarily closed to the public in 2010.
Immediately south of Wythenshawe is
Wythenshawe was in the Church of England Diocese of Chester until 1933, when it was transferred to the neighbouring Diocese of Manchester.[12]
Housing and social history
Wythenshawe is Manchester's largest district. The massive housing estate that was built there in the 1920s was intended as a "garden city", where people could be rehoused away from industrial Manchester. In 1920, town planner Patrick Abercrombie identified the area as the most suitable undeveloped land for a housing estate close to the city, and 2,500 acres (1,000 ha) of land were purchased.[13]
Part of Benchill (not the area southwest of Gladeside Road) and some areas in the north were built before World War II and called the Wythenshawe Ward of the City of Manchester. The rest was built after the Second World War, starting in the late 1940s as wartime building restrictions were relaxed. Parts of Baguley were still semi-rural in the 1960s, but there is now very little open country left.
The estate was initially built without many shops, amenities or services, and there was very little employment available in the area. Although Northenden already had a shopping area on Palatine Road, the earliest new shops were built in the 1930s and included parades on Hollyhedge Road, and on Altrincham Road in Sharston (the latter was demolished in 1973 to make way for the M56 Sharston bypass). There were smaller local shops, such as a grocers—selling general household provisions, at Minsterly Parade (Woodhouse Park) and Haveley Circle (Benchill). However, it took decades for some areas of Wythenshawe to get their own neighbourhood shops, which meant residents had to travel or visit a mobile shop van when it visited their area. Various residents' associations were set up to address those problems, but progress was very slow.
After the Second World War, Wythenshawe eventually expanded, with several further shops being built (such as Haveley Circle, built in the early 1950s but demolished in the 1990s) and businesses were attracted to the area with the expansion of the
From the 1990s to the 2000s, the houses that were built and owned by the council were transferred to the control of local housing associations, such as Willow Park in east Wythenshawe and Parkway Green in west Wythenshawe. Both associations merged in 2013 to form the Wythenshawe Community Housing Group which is now responsible for around 14,000 homes in Wythenshawe.
In 2007, The New York Times described the housing estates in Wythenshawe as representing an "extreme pocket of social deprivation and alienation".[14]
Most of the farm buildings in the Wythenshawe area were demolished when the estate was built. Some of them, like Hollyhedge Farm and Floats Hall, were left among the houses but suffered from vandalism and had to be demolished later. Some of the present housing estates were named after former farms.
Peel Hall Farm (which had a moat) survived for over 20 years [clarification needed] as its occupant lived on the proceeds of selling his land, but soon after he left, the property was vandalised and had to be demolished.
Newall Green Farm survived on the edge of the Newall Green housing estate area and was still occupied and run as a farm until the early 21st century when its last occupant died, when it was abandoned and fenced off. The buildings are
Parks
Wythenshawe has twelve parks and 18 woodland areas including
Other parks include Hollyhedge Park, Peel Hall Park, Painswick Park and Baguley Park. Northenden's Riverside Park is the first new park to be established in the city in the 21st century.
Governance
The district is under the authority of Manchester City Council.
At the
Wythenshawe typically returns all Labour councillors in local elections, although in the 2008 elections the Liberal Democrats gained a seat in Northenden and a second seat (in the same area) in the 2010 elections. Labour regained these seats in the 2012 and 2014 elections. The Green Party have gained councillors in the Woodhouse Park ward in both the 2021 and 2022 elections.
Geography
Wythenshawe is 8 miles (13 km) south of the city centre and is the southernmost district of Manchester. Altrincham and Hale lie to the south-west, Sale to the north-west and the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport to the east, with the suburbs of Gatley and Heald Green bordering onto Wythenshawe's eastern side. Manchester Airport is immediately to the south of the town.
Shadow Moss is an area south of Ringway Road in the southeast corner of Wythenshawe. On
In the 19th century, manorial control was lost over what people used their moss rooms for, and an 1839 tithe map of Northen Etchells shows Northen Etchells's part of Shadow Moss as about 2/3 arable, about 1/3 meadow, one field as pasture, and one field as "uncultivated moors".[20]
Later, the fertile
As of around 1970, Heyhead was a small settlement at the south end of Woodhouse Lane and the nearby part of Ringway Road. It comprised several
Some greenhouses remain at the far east of the Shadow Moss area as of June 2012, but are used by private car parking operators (not associated with the airport company) and not for growing any crop. The last market gardener there, who grew tomatoes, closed his business in 2011 due to competition from highly mechanized enormous greenhouse establishments elsewhere.
Public services
Wythenshawe is policed by the city of Manchester Division of Greater Manchester Police. Wythenshawe's fire and rescue services are the responsibility of the Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service, and are based at a fire station on Brownley Road.
Transport
The
The nearest railway station to Wythenshawe was located adjacent to Longley Lane at the edge of Sharston on the
The Airport Line branch of the Manchester Metrolink tram service includes twelve stops throughout Wythenshawe. The line opened on 3 November 2014, a year ahead of schedule.[22] In addition to the building of the new Metrolink lines and stations, a new public transport hub was built in Wythenshawe Town Centre which opened in June 2015 and includes a new bus station and tram stop.
Economy
Approximately 43,000 people work in Wythenshawe. There are four areas of industrial activity (estates)—Moss Nook, Ringway (Airport Cargo Centre), Roundthorn and Sharston. It is home to Manchester Airport and Wythenshawe Hospital (part of Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust), which are two of the largest employers in the area. Many national and international companies have premises or main offices in Wythenshawe, including Timpson Ltd, HellermannTyton, Virgin Media, Vodafone and F. Duerr & Sons.
In 1934, George Hamer Scholes built the Wylex Works to produce electrical accessories.[23] The company was later acquired by Electrium, which is now under Siemens' ownership.
Several greenfield and greyfield sites have been opened up to developers and there are several new housing developments within the area.
The town centre, known as the Civic Centre, was originally built in the 1960s. It expanded over the years and was renovated between 1999 and 2002 to include new stores and other new features, when the city council relinquished ownership and transferred it to St. Modwen Properties. The main shopping area now includes gates that are locked at night to prevent the vandalism that was seen in previous years. The Forum centre, which opened in 1971, houses a library, leisure centre, swimming pool, cafe and other amenities, has also been renovated in a more modern style. For thirty years it also housed the Forum Theatre, but this closed in 2002 and a health clinic and an adult education facility now occupy its space.[citation needed]
In 2007,
In June 2022, Manchester City Council announced the purchase of Wythenshawe town centre from St. Modwen Properties as part of wider plans to transform the town centre.[citation needed]
In the media
Wythenshawe is the outdoor filming location for the Channel 4 series
In 2009,
Notable people
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- Johnny Marr, musician, he first achieved fame as the guitarist and co-songwriter of the Smiths, moved to Wythenshawe in 1972.
- Lorraine Cheshire, actress, was born in Wythenshawe.[28]
- professional boxer and heavyweight world champion, was born and raised in Wythenshawe.[29]
- Harry H. Corbett, actor, attended Ross Place and Benchill Primary Schools and Sharston Secondary School in Wythenshawe.
- Anthony Taylor, professional football referee, born in Wythenshawe.
- Manchester United and Englandfootballer, was born in Wythenshawe.
- professional boxer, previously held the WBO light-middleweight title.
- Rob Gretton, Manager of Manchester band Joy Division and co owner of night club The Haçienda was born in Wythenshawe.
- Jason Orange, singer from Take That, lived in Wythenshawe as a child.[30]
- Caroline Aherne, comedienne and actress, grew up in Wythenshawe from the age of two.[31]
- Coronation Street actors Simon Gregson, Nicholas Cochrane, Chris Bisson and Kevin Kennedy were born in Wythenshawe.
- Alf Wood, Manchester City, Shrewsbury Town, Millwall, Middlesbrough, Hull City, Walsall and Stafford Rangers footballer lived in Newall Green and attended Oldwood Junior School.[citation needed]
- Duncan Hallas, Trotskyist leader, grew up in Wythenshawe.[32]
- Ravel Morrison, ex-Manchester United footballer, was born in Wythenshawe.
- Jimmy Egan, boxing trainer, Wythenshawe East Amateur Boxing Club, most notably trained Ricky Hatton and David Barnes during their amateur days.
- Paul Stewart lived in Northern Moor, Wythenshawe. He played football for Blackpool, Manchester City, Tottenham, Liverpool and England.
- John Bradley-West, actor, most notably of HBO series Game of Thrones, grew up and attended school in Wythenshawe.[33]
- Michael Wood, historian, moved at the age of eight with his family to Wythenshawe where he attended Benchill Primary School.
- Syd Little, comedian, part of the Little and Large double act, attended Yew Tree School in Wythenshawe.
- Sad Café, was born in the Benchillarea of Wythenshawe.
- Steve McGarry, cartoonist, illustrator, story artist, President of the National Cartoonists Society, was born and raised in Benchill, where he attended St John and Thomas Primary School.[citation needed]
- Joe Gallagher, professional boxing trainer to World Champions Anthony Crolla and Liam and Callum Smith, grew up in Benchill and attended St Peter's Primary School and St. John Plessington.[34]
- Shay Logan, professional footballer best known for his time at Aberdeen
- Shay Brennan, Manchester United footballer, born Manchester 1937. Brought up in Wythenshawe. Attended St. John and Thomas R.C. School. Debut for MUFC immediately after the Munich air crash in 1958. Played In the European Cup Final of 1968, won by United. Played multiple times for Ireland.
- Cole Palmer, current Chelsea professional footballer, was born in Wythenshawe.
- Lukas Nmecha & Felix Nmecha are brothers who currently play for VfL Wolfsburg & Borussia Dortmund respectively. Both grew up in Wythenshawe.
- Slaughter & the Dogs are an English punk rock band formed in 1975 in Wythenshawe. They were one of the first punk rock bands in North West England.
- Kirsty Howard was a children's hospice advocate known for her fundraising efforts for Francis House Children's Hospice in Didsbury. Born in Wythenshawe.
- Freddie Garrity best known as the frontman of Freddie and the Dreamers
See also
- Listed buildings in Manchester-M22
- Listed buildings in Manchester-M23
- List of council estates in the United Kingdom
References
Notes
- ^ "Wythenshawe". Vision of Britain Through Time. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
- ^ "All About Wythenshawe". Manchester Evening News. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
- ^ a b Deakin, Derick. "History of the Estate". Wythit. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 30 September 2006.
- ^ Halle-Richards, Sophie (30 December 2019). "One hundred years ago a man had a dream - and that dream was Wythenshawe". Manchester Evening News. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
- ^ "Manchester City Council - Wythenshawe Strategic Regeneration Framework". Manchester.gov.uk. Retrieved 14 February 2014.
- ^ "Wythenshawe Park: The Hall". Manchester Council.
- ^ Linton, Deborah (1 June 2011). "Budget crisis could lead Manchester Council to give away Heaton Hall and Wythenshawe Hall". Manchester Evening News. M.E.N. Media.
- ^ "Friends of Wythenshaw Hall". Friends of Wythenshaw Hall. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
- ^ "Fire destroys roof of historic Wythenshawe Hall in Manchester". BBC News. 15 March 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
- ^ "Fire at Wythenshawe Hall in Manchester was 'arson'". BBC News. 16 March 2016.
- ^ Scholefield 2004, pp. 222–223
- ^ Manchester and its many bishops. BBC. Retrieved 17 February 2009.
- ^ John-Baptiste, Ashley (2019). "When council estates were a dream". BBC News. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
- ^ Lyall, Sarah (10 March 2007). "How the Young Poor Measure Poverty in Britain: Drink, Drugs and Their Time in Jail". The New York Times.
- ^ Manchester Evening News, page 21, 27 June 2014
- ^ "Parks and open spaces - Wythenshawe Park | Manchester City Council". secure.manchester.gov.uk. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- ^ Wythenshawe Park. Local Nature Reserves. Natural England.
- ^ "Draft recommendations on the future electoral arrangements for Manchester" (PDF). The Electoral Commission. February 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2009. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
- ISBN 0-85972-008-X, published by Northenden Civic Society 1974
- ^ W. H. Shercliff, 1974, page 3
- ^ Butt 1995, p. 173.
- ^ Britton, Paul (13 October 2014). "New Metrolink line to Wythenshawe and Manchester Airport to open on 3 November – a year ahead of schedule". Manchester Evening News. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
- . Retrieved 14 February 2014.
- ^ Leeming, Ciara (24 October 2006). "Shameless on the move". Manchester Evening News. M.E.N. Media.
- ^ ITV1 (The Duchess On The Estate - press release) Archived 20 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Carter, Helen (18 August 2009). "Duchess of York's TV documentary angers Manchester estate". The Guardian. London: Guardian News and Media.
- ^ Richman, Simmy (23 August 2009). "The Duchess on the Estate, ITV1: The X Factor, ITV1". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 7 May 2022.
- ^ Rooney, Brian (23 April 2021). "What a Beautiful World This Will Be". Now Then. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
- ^ "Tyson Fury: Fists of fury". The Independent. 11 November 2011. Archived from the original on 7 May 2022. Retrieved 2 December 2012.
- ^ Bourne, Dianne (20 August 2013). "Take That star Jason Orange watches brother's new theatre production - set in his house".
- ^ "Wythenshawe - Caroline Aherne". wythenshawe.btck.co.uk. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- ^ Higgins, Jim (30 September 2002). "Obituary: Duncan Hallas". The Guardian – via www.theguardian.com.
- ^ "John Bradley". IMDb. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- ^ "Joe Gallagher: Winning 'boxing bible's' trainer of the year award is like getting a knighthood". 18 January 2016.
Bibliography
External links
- Timeline of events in Wythenshawe's history
- 1927 air view of Wythenshawe
- 1927 air view of Hall Lane and Blackcarr Road area: note farm workers' cottages and farm buildings west of Baguley Hall, which was then called Maher's Farm and used for market gardening.