Xiangyang

Coordinates: 32°00′36″N 112°07′19″E / 32.010°N 112.122°E / 32.010; 112.122
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Xiangyang
襄阳市
Siangyang, Siang-yang
License Plate Prefix
鄂F
Websitexiangyang.gov.cn
Xiangyang
Hanyu Pinyin
Xiāngyáng
Wade–GilesHsiang1-yang2
Xiangfan
Hanyu Pinyin
Xiāngfán
Wade–GilesHsiang1-fan2

Xiangyang is the second-largest prefecture-level city by population in northwestern

Han River
and contains one of the oldest still-intact city walls in China, while Fancheng is located to the north of the Han River. Both cities served prominent historical roles in both ancient and pre-modern Chinese history. Today, the city has been a target of government and private investment as the country seeks to urbanize and develop the interior provinces. Its built-up area made up of 3 urban districts had 2,319,640 inhabitants at the 2020 census while the whole municipality contained approximately 5,260,951 people.

History

Han River near Fancheng, 1874

Xiangyang is located at a strategic site on the middle reaches of the

Western Han
dynasty and the name had been used continuously for more than 2,000 years until the 20th century.

In the final years of the

Central Plain. In the Battle of Xiangyang in 191 AD, Sun Jian, a rival warlord and the father of Sun Quan, founder of Eastern Wu, was defeated and killed. The area passed to Liu Bei after Liu Biao's death. Two decades later, Battle of Fancheng, one of the most important battles in late Han-Three Kingdoms period, was fought here, resulting in Liu Bei
's loss of Jingzhou.

During the early years of

Jin dynasty, Xiangyang was on the frontier between Jin and Eastern Wu. Yang Hu, the commander in Xiangyang, was remembered for his policy of "border peace". Cross-border commerce was allowed, and the pressure on the Jin army was greatly relieved. Eventually, Xiangyang accumulated sufficient supplies for 10 years, which played a key role in Jin's conquest of Wu
.

Guangde Temple, Xiangyang

In

Siege of Xiangyang
.

In 1796, Xiangyang was one of the centers of the White Lotus Rebellion against the Qing dynasty. Here, rebel leader Wang Cong'er successfully organized a rebel army of 50,000 and joined the main rebel forces in Sichuan. The revolt lasted for nearly 10 years and marked a turning point in the history of Qing dynasty.

In 1950, Xiangyang and Fancheng were merged to form Xiangfan City. In later 20th century, it became a major transport hub as

Xiangyu
railways intersect in Fancheng. The city's current boundaries were established in 1983 when Xiangyang Prefecture was incorporated into Xiangfan City. The city was renamed to Xiangyang in 2010.

Geography and climate

Xiangyang has a latitude range of 31° 14'−32° 37' N, or 154 km (96 mi), and longitude range of 110° 45'−113° 43' E, or 220 km (137 mi), and is located on the middle reaches of the

Yangtze River. The urban area, however, has a latitude range of 31° 54'−32° 10' N, or 29 km (18 mi), and longitude range of 112° 00'−112° 14' E, or 21 km (13 mi). It borders Suizhou to the east, Jingmen and Yichang to the south, Shennongjia and Shiyan to the west, and Nanyang (Henan
) to the north. Its administrative border has a total length of 1,332.8 km (828.2 mi).

Xiangyang has a monsoon-influenced, four season humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), with cold, damp (but comparatively dry), winters, and hot, humid summers.

Climate data for Xiangyang (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 21.8
(71.2)
23.6
(74.5)
29.7
(85.5)
34.0
(93.2)
37.4
(99.3)
38.0
(100.4)
39.6
(103.3)
39.0
(102.2)
39.3
(102.7)
33.4
(92.1)
27.7
(81.9)
21.7
(71.1)
39.6
(103.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7.4
(45.3)
10.7
(51.3)
16.0
(60.8)
22.5
(72.5)
27.3
(81.1)
30.4
(86.7)
32.0
(89.6)
31.4
(88.5)
27.4
(81.3)
22.2
(72.0)
15.6
(60.1)
9.6
(49.3)
21.0
(69.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 3.3
(37.9)
6.1
(43.0)
11.0
(51.8)
17.0
(62.6)
22.0
(71.6)
25.6
(78.1)
27.6
(81.7)
26.9
(80.4)
22.7
(72.9)
17.3
(63.1)
11.0
(51.8)
5.4
(41.7)
16.3
(61.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 0.1
(32.2)
2.5
(36.5)
7.0
(44.6)
12.7
(54.9)
17.7
(63.9)
21.8
(71.2)
24.3
(75.7)
23.6
(74.5)
19.2
(66.6)
13.7
(56.7)
7.4
(45.3)
2.0
(35.6)
12.7
(54.8)
Record low °C (°F) −8.8
(16.2)
−7.9
(17.8)
−2.7
(27.1)
−0.1
(31.8)
8.4
(47.1)
12.6
(54.7)
17.2
(63.0)
14.9
(58.8)
10.5
(50.9)
0.0
(32.0)
−3.4
(25.9)
−6.8
(19.8)
−8.8
(16.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 22.4
(0.88)
25.4
(1.00)
44.3
(1.74)
64.9
(2.56)
98.9
(3.89)
107.3
(4.22)
132.4
(5.21)
137.1
(5.40)
83.0
(3.27)
68.3
(2.69)
40.3
(1.59)
16.4
(0.65)
840.7
(33.1)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 5.8 7.4 8.9 9.7 11.0 10.2 11.9 11.1 10.0 10.0 8.1 5.9 110
Average snowy days 4.3 3.3 1.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8 2.4 12.1
Average
relative humidity
(%)
71 70 70 71 71 76 81 80 76 74 74 71 74
Mean monthly sunshine hours 107.2 112.6 143.7 171.6 184.5 174.6 185.2 183.0 147.9 143.3 127.2 117.9 1,798.7
Percent possible sunshine 33 36 38 44 43 41 43 45 40 41 41 38 40
Source: China Meteorological Administration[4][5]

Administration

The

counties.[6][7]

These are further divided into 159

townships and 24 subdistricts
.

Map

Economy

The Tang dynasty city film and television base in Xiangyang

Xiangyang possesses large water energy resources whilst its mineral deposits include

Dongfeng Motors, Xiangyang is a well known automobile hub and partners with foreign manufacturers to produce Nissan and Infiniti models for domestic sales. In addition, there are a number of chemical fibre enterprises in the city including Birla Jingwei Fibres, a member of the Aditya Birla Group
. The city has also invested in many industrial, technology and clean energy parks.

Hubei Free Trade Zone at Xiangyang

With a total planned area of 21.99 square km, Hubei Free Trade Zone at Xiangyang is one of the three Hubei Free Trade Pilot Zones, a national opening-up platform and a new height of leading opening-up, enjoying preferential policies of free trade zone and national high-tech zone and giving priority to high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy autos, big data, cloud computing, business logistics, inspection and testing.[8]

Transportation

Xiangyang is a railway junction for the

Han River and four other rivers are open to commercial transport year-round. The Xiangyang Liuji Airport
has commercial airline services to major cities throughout China including Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou.

With Xiangyang-Ningbo Port International Sea-railway Combined Transportation, "Xiangyang-Wuhan-Europe" Central Europe Freight Trains, three-dimensional international logistics channels have been established. Economic ties with countries and areas along the "Belt and Road" are getting closer and closer.

See also

References

  1. ^ "China: Húbĕi (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map". www.citypopulation.de. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  2. ISBN 978-7-5037-7847-6. Archived from the original
    on 2017-03-01. Retrieved 2017-06-05.
  3. ^ 湖北省襄樊市更名为襄阳市(图). 163.com (in Chinese (China)). 2010-12-02. Archived from the original on 2015-01-10. Retrieved 2010-12-03.
  4. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
  5. ^ "Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
  6. ^ 襄樊市更名为襄阳市,襄阳区更名为襄州区 [Xiangfan City Changes Name to Xiangyang City, Xiangyang District Changes Name to Xiangzhou District] (in Simplified Chinese). XZQH.org. 2 December 2010. Archived from the original on 7 December 2018. Retrieved 22 August 2018. 行政区划调整后,襄阳市辖襄城、樊城、襄州3个市辖区以及南漳、谷城、保康3个县,代管老河口、枣阳、宜城3个县级市。
  7. National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2017. Archived
    from the original on 7 December 2018. Retrieved 22 August 2018. 统计用区划代码 名称 420601000000 市辖区 420602000000 襄城区 420606000000 樊城区 420607000000 襄州区 420624000000 南漳县 420625000000 谷城县 420626000000 保康县 420682000000 老河口市 420683000000 枣阳市 420684000000 宜城市
  8. ^ "中国(湖北)自由贸易试验区襄阳片区简介". 襄阳自贸区官网 (in Simplified Chinese). Retrieved 2021-07-30.

External links