Yakshagana Tala
Yakshagana Tala (
The instrument for rhythm in Yakshagana are the Chande, Maddale and a Yakshagana Tala (bell) is also used along with chande.[citation needed]
Yakshagana has a complete and complex system for rhythms. The most common Talas in Yakshagana are Matte, Eaka,Udaape, Jampe, Rupaka, Trivde, Atta, KorE and Aadi. Each tala has a cycle of N beats divided in M bars. Some talas are more than 5 minutes long (e.g. Abbara Tala). Note that although, the names of Talas are similar to
Yakshagana music vocalists (Bhagavathas) mark the tala by tapping a pair of bells. Talas are identified by Ghaatha and are largely decided by the metre of the Yakshagana poetry[3] Some Taalas have been demonstrated on chande in the following external links.[4][5][6]
Some Yakshagana Talas[7]
- Matte Tala (Tvarita Rupaka): 3 beats
- ----3---|-------3------||----3---|-------3------||
- tai ta | di naam || tai ta | di naam ||
- Muktaya (Ending)
- Chaurastra Eka Tala: 4 beats
- ta ddi mi | ta ka di mi ||
- Muktaya (Ending)
- Udaape Tala: (Tvarita Eka)
- ta ki ta | ta ka di na | ta kki ta | ta ka di na ||
- Muktaya (Ending)
- Jampe Tala: 5 beats
- dhim kadthka dhim dhim kadthka |
- Muktaya (Ending)
- ta ta kadthka takada taddinnaka tai |
- ta ka ta di gina dhem |
- Tvarita (Fast)
- Nade (Variations)
- Chaurastra Rupaka Tala: 6 beats
- tai ta dinaka | dhem ta dinaka |
- Muktaya (Ending)
- Trivde Tala: 7 beats
- deem ta | taam di na | dheem ta | taam dina ||
- Asta Tala: 3+1/2 beats
- tai ti tti | tai ti tti ||
- Muktaya (Ending)
- KorE Tala: 3+1/2 beats
- ti tti tai | ti tti tai ||
- Muktaya (Ending)
- Aadi Tala: 16 beats
- ta hasta | dim da di ku ta ka | taa tom | ta di naka ||
- Muktaya (Ending)
- Chau Tala 8 beats
- deem ta tta ta tta | deem ta tta | deem ta tta ta tta ||
- Muktaya (Ending)
- Dhruva Tala: 14 beats (Cognate of Hindustani Rupak)
- tom dinna ta ri ki ta | tom di na | tom ta tta ||
- dhi dhi na | dhi na dhi na | ta di na ti na ti na ||
- Muktaya (Ending)
Scholars have disagreement on the names and beat structure of the above Talas. But the details provided here are generally acceptable.[8]
History
The talas predate
References
- ^ Prof. Sridhara Uppara. 1998.Yakshagana and Nataka Diganta publications
- ^ Sediyapu Krishna Bhatta, Chandogathi, Mangalore
- ^ .Sediyapu Krishna Bhatta, Kannada Chandassu, Mangalore
- YouTube
- YouTube
- YouTube
- ^ Martha Bush Ashton, Yakshagana: A dance drama of India, South Asia Books (1 May 1989)
- ^ Hostota Manjunatha Bhagavatha, Yakshagana Talakrama, Sagara.
- ^ Bhagavatha Narayanappa Uppura, Yakshagana Shikshaka, 1985, Mangalore.
Literature
Sediyaapu, Krishna Bhatta, Chandogathi. Sediyaapu, Krishna Bhatta, Kannada Chandassu.
Uppuru, Bhagavatha Narayanappa, Yakshagana Adhyayana.
Hostota, Manjunatha Bhagavatha, Yakshagana Talasutra.
Uppuru, Prof. Sridhara, Yakshagana and Nataka.