Yalta

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Yalta Ялта
City
UTC+3 (MSK)
Postal codes	(2)98600–(2)98639
Area code	+7-3654
Former name	Yalita (until the 15th century)
Climate	Cfa
Website	yalta.rk.gov.ru

Yalta

The city is located on the site of the ancient Greek colony of Yalita.^[5] It is said to have been founded by the Greek settlers who were looking for a safe shore (Γιαλός, yalos in Greek) on which to land. It is situated on a deep bay facing south towards the Black Sea, surrounded by the mountain range Ai-Petri. It has a humid subtropical climate and is surrounded by numerous vineyards and orchards.^[6]

The area became famous when the city held the Yalta Conference as part of the Allied World War II conferences in 1945.

The term "Greater Yalta" is used to designate a part of the Crimean southern coast spanning from

The existence of Yalta was recorded in the 12th century by an

During the 20th century, Yalta was the principal holiday resort of the Soviet Union. In 1920, Vladimir Lenin issued a decree "On the Use of Crimea for the Medical Treatment of the Working People" which endorsed the region's transformation from a fairly exclusive resort area into a recreation facility for tired proletarians. Numerous workers' sanatoria were constructed in and around Yalta and the surrounding district. There were, in fact, few other places that Soviet citizens could come for a seaside holiday, as foreign travel was forbidden to all but a handful. The Soviet elite also came to Yalta; the Soviet premier Joseph Stalin used the Massandra Palace as his summer residence.

Yalta was occupied by the German Army from 9 November 1941 to 16 April 1944.

The town came to worldwide attention in 1945 when the Yalta Conference between the "Big Three" powers – the Soviet Union, the United States and the United Kingdom – was held at the Livadia Palace.

21st century

Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Yalta has struggled economically. Many of the nouveaux riches of ex-Soviet citizens began going to other European holiday resorts, now that they had the freedom and money to travel; conversely, the impoverishment of many ex-Soviet citizens meant that they could no longer afford to go to Yalta. The town's transport links have been significantly reduced with the end of almost all passenger traffic by sea. The longest trolleybus line in Europe goes from the train station in Simferopol to Yalta (almost 90 km). Yalta is crowded in the vacation season (July–August) and prices for accommodation are very high. Most of the tourists are from countries of the former Soviet Union; in 2013, about 12% of tourists to Crimea were Westerners from more than 200 cruise ships.^[7]

Yalta has a beautiful seafront

Two beaches in Yalta are Blue Flag beaches since May 2010, these were the first beaches (with two beaches in Yevpatoria) to be awarded a Blue Flag in a CIS member state.^[8]

In 2014, Russia, in violation of international law, invaded Crimea and claimed it as part of Russia.^[9]

Main sights

Famous attractions within or near Yalta are:

• Yalta's Sea Promenade (Naberezhnaya), housing many attractions, which was renovated in 2003 and 2004.
• Saint Hripsime Church of Yalta, an Armenian Church, with frescoes by V. Surenyants
• A
  Roman Catholic Church built by Nikolay Krasnov
• Yalta's cable car, taking visitors to the Darsan hill, from which one can see Yalta's shoreline
• Renovated Hotel Taurica, the first hotel in the former Russian Empire with elevators
• Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, constructed by the architect Krasnov, who also constructed the Livadia Palace and the architect P. Terebenyov
• Former main building of the Ministry of Defence hotel, built in the style of a Gothic castle
• Palace of Bukhara Emir
• Yalta's Zoo
• Yalta's Aquarium, housing small dolphins
• Park-museum Polyana Skazok (Glade of Fairytales)
• White Dacha – House-museum of Anton Chekhov
• House-museum of Lesya Ukrainka
• House with
  Caryatids
  , where the composer A. Spendiarov lived
• Yalta Hotel Complex
• Roffe Bath, historical monument

Moreover, Yalta's suburbs contain:

• Foros Church
• Nikita
  )
• Livadiya
  )
• Organ hall in Livadiya
• Massandra Palace (Massandra)
• Massandra Winery and Vaults
• International children's centre of Artek (Gurzuf)
• Ai-Petri Mountain (1233 metres high, with a cable car
  traveling to and from the mountain)
• Alupka Palace
• Swallow's Nest castle near Gaspra.
• Tsar's Path hiking trail

Geography

Climate

As Yalta lies to the south of the

Demographics

As of the

Yalta is twinned with:^{[13][14][15][16]}

Notable people born in Yalta

• Oleksandr Lignau (1872-1938), Ukrainian general and first Minister of War of the Ukrainian State
• Alla Nazimova (1879-1945), Russian-American actress
• Louis Hofbauer (1889-1932), Austrian artist
• Serge Piménoff (1895-1960), French art director
• Alla Horska (1929-1970, Ukrainian artist
• Nika Turbina (1974-2002), Russian poet
• Julia Vakulenko (born 1983), Ukrainian tennis player
• Vera Rebrik (born 1989), Ukrainian-Russian track field athlete
• Valentina Ivakhnenko (born 1993), Ukrainian-Russian tennis player

See also

• List of cities in Ukraine

References

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