Yavne-Yam
יבנה-ים (Hebrew), Minet Rubin (Arabic)[1] | |
Location | Mediterranean shore, near Palmachim |
---|---|
Region | Gan Raveh Regional Council |
Coordinates | 31°55′22″N 34°41′36″E / 31.92278°N 34.69333°E |
Type | Tell |
Part of | Settlement |
History | |
Material | Stone |
Abandoned | 12th century |
Periods | Middle Bronze Age[1] to Early Islamic Period |
Site notes | |
Excavation dates | 1967-1969 1992-present |
Archaeologists | Jacob Kaplan Moshe Fischer |
Condition | ruins |
Public access | Yes |
Yavne-Yam (
History
Bronze and Iron Ages
Surveys and excavations undertaken at Yavne-Yam during the 1950s and 1960s have revealed the existence of a large fortified site, consisting of a square enclosure with freestanding ramparts and marked by fortified gates, dating from the Middle and Late
Hellenistic Port
The material culture uncovered at the site suggests that under
It was this Hellenization which eventually led to the Seleucid-Jewish conflict of the 2nd century BCE. What begun as tensions between hellenized and observant Jews, in 166 BCE erupted into an open revolt against the Seleucid Empire. Cities that had been thoroughly hellenized, such as Yavne (Iamnia) and Yavne-Yam, suffered the brunt of the
Roman, Byzantine and Islamic
Jewish independence in Judea came to an end in the 1st century CE and the region gradually came under
Following the
For reasons unknown, the site was abandoned in the 12th century.
Excavations
Surveyed and explored during the 1950s and 1960s, Yavne-Yam was first excavated between 1967 and 1969 by Tel Aviv district archaeologist Jacob Kaplan. Concentrating on the perimeter fortifications, Kaplan unearthed a number of superimposed gates dating from the Middle and Late Bronze Ages.[12] Excavations by Tel Aviv University resumed in 1992, under the direction of Prof. Moshe Fischer. These are still ongoing and are centered on the coast, bay and promontory.[5] In 2007, a 6th-century Byzantine villa featuring a mosaic floor depicting trees and fruit baskets was uncovered at the site.[13] Excavations on the promontory in 2011 revealed a Roman-style bathhouse within the 9th century Early Islamic period fortifications. The use of Roman technology at such a late date was previously unknown. The bathhouse is also the only known example of a bathhouse in an Islamic fortress.[14]
Since 1980 underwater surveys have also been taking place in the harbor. These have revealed shipwrecks, anchors and fishing devices, all suggestive of intense maritime activity from the Bronze Age to modern times.
Prominent finds from Yavne-Yam and its vicinity are on display at Beit-Miriam, the museum of nearby Kibbutz Palmachim.
See also
References
- ^ ISBN 0-8264-1316-1.
- ^ a b c "Yavneh-Yam - History". Yavneh-Yam Project. Retrieved 2016-01-24.
- ^ "Yavneh-Yam - Geography". Yavneh-Yam Project. Retrieved 2009-10-12.
- ^ a b c "Underwater Archaeology - Yavneh-Yam Anchorage". Israel Antiquities Authority. Retrieved 2009-10-12.
- ^ a b c d e f "Yavneh-Yam - Excavations". Yavneh-Yam Project. Retrieved 2009-10-13.
- ^ Stieglitz R. 1974. Ugaritic Mhd – the harbor of Yabne-Yam? Journal of the American Oriental Society 94, pp. 137-138.
- ^ a b Archeology in Israel - Yavne Yam
- ^ a b c d "Yavneh-Yam - History". Yavneh-Yam Project. Retrieved 2009-10-13.
- ^ 2 Maccabees 12:9
- ^ 1 Maccabees 5:58-59
- ^ Itamar Taxel. "Yavneh-Yam in the transition from the Byzantine Period to the Islamic Period" (in Hebrew). Israel Antiquities Authority. Retrieved 2009-10-16.
- ^ Seevers, B. Four-Chamber Gates In The Ancient Near East From The Middle Bronze Through The Iron Ages
- Ha'aretz. Retrieved 2009-10-17.
- ^ O’Sullivan, Arieh (September 14, 2011). "Islamic era Don Juan built Roman-style bathhouse". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved September 17, 2011.
- ^ "Rare 2,500 Year Old Marble Discus that was meant to Protect Ancient Ships from the Evil Eye was Found in the Sea by a Lifeguard and Turned Over to the Israel Antiquities Authority (7/13/2008)". Israel Antiquities Authority. Retrieved 2009-10-17.
- ^ Israel Antiquities Authority, Excavators and Excavations Permit for Year 2008, Survey Permit # G-65
External links
- The Yavneh-Yam Project at Tel Aviv University.