Yilan County, Taiwan
Yilan County
宜蘭縣 County | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 24°45′2″N 121°45′33″E / 24.75056°N 121.75917°E | |
Country | Republic of China (Taiwan) |
Province | Taiwan Province (streamlined) |
Seat | Yilan City |
Townships/cities | |
Government | |
• Body |
|
ISO 3166 code | TW-ILA |
Website | enwww |
Symbols | |
Flower | Cymbidium |
Tree | Chinese flame tree (Koelreuteria formosana) |
Yilan County | |
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Tâi-lô | Gî-lân-kuān |
Yilan County,
Before the Han Chinese
Name
The name Yilan derives from the indigenous Kavalan people. Other former names in reference to this area in the Yilan Plain include Kabalan,[3] Kavalan, Kavaland, kap-a-lan, Yiland and Gilan. Before 2009, the county's official name was transliterated as Ilan.
History
Early history
Since early ages, many people have traveled from far places to Yilan.
The Kavalan people came by the sea and lived by the river at Yilan Plain since around 1,000 years ago. They mostly speak the Austronesian languages. Their settlements consisted of small villages along rivers with around 40–50 communities scattered around the area with a total population of approximately 10,000 people. The Atayal people came by crossing the Xiyuan Pass and settled in the mountain areas.
The Atayal people arrived in Yilan around 250 years ago and settled along the upper Dazhuoshui River. Later, the tribes crossed the
Around 200 years ago, at the end of the 18th century, the Han Chinese traversed the mountain range and settled in Yilan. Large populations began taming the wilderness, cultivating the fields and building irrigation channels. They used various means to seize lands from the Kavalans. Some Kavalans left their homes while some others migrated southwards to Hualien and Taitung coastlines and established settlements.[4]
Spanish Formosa
The
Dutch Formosa
The Spaniards were subsequently ousted by the
Kingdom of Tungning
During the Kingdom of Tungning era, the previous economy monopoly system developed during the Dutch Formosa continued to be practiced.
Qing dynasty
When the Qing dynasty annexed Taiwan, they established the Kavalan sub-prefecture in Yilan. In 1806, armed conflicts broke out among various ethnic immigrants, followed by pillaging by pirates. The Qing dynasty government subsequently realized that if they continued to disregard the Kavalan people and did not establish rule of law and a system of defense, Yilan would become a haven for criminals and outlaws, a thorn in the side for Taiwan. In 1809, Jiaqing Emperor incorporated Kavalan into the domain of the empire. Troops were dispatched to quell pirate attacks and chart local territory.
Local government systems in Taiwan underwent many changes during the Qing dynasty period. But with regards to administrative levels lower than the county, including local villages, there were no major changes. The earliest organization and planning of Yilan consisted of seven citadels. In 1835, the seven citadels were further divided into 12 citadels based on the needs of the changing population and environment. This arrangement remained unchanged until the end of Qing dynasty rule.[5]
After the Mudan Incident in 1874, Qing rulers changed their passive attitude and took a more ambitious approach in ruling Taiwan. The original aboriginal term Kavalan district was renamed with a more Han-centric Yilan name and the administrative system was also changed accordingly from the original temporary "district" to a formally governed "county".[6] In 1875, the newly created Taipeh Prefecture included modern-day Yilan County.
Empire of Japan
After the First Sino-Japanese War in 1894, the Qing government handed over Taiwan to Japan in accordance with the Treaty of Shimonoseki. Modern-day Yilan County covers Giran District (宜蘭郡), Ratō District (羅東郡), Suō District (蘇澳郡) and Giran City (宜蘭市) as they existed from 1920 to 1945, all under Taihoku Prefecture, during Japanese rule.
Republic of China
After the
In 1998, the government streamlined Taiwan Province and Yilan County became administered by the Executive Yuan while the remaining institutions of this province have been dissolved in 2018.Geography
Yilan County sits on the
The Upper Lanyang River is steep and the
Yilan County is located in the northeastern Taiwan Island which covers an area of 2,143 km2. The longest distance from east to west is 63 km and from north to south is 74 km. From the mountain areas downwards, the land falls in altitude in the stages of mountains, alleys, alluvial plains, lowlands, swamps, sand hills and finally coastline.
Yilan's
Government
Yilan County is administered as a
Elected magistrates
- Chen Ding-nan (1981–1989)
- Yu Shyi-kun(1989–1997)
- Liu Shou-cheng (1997–2005)
- Lu Kuo-hua (2005–2009)
- Lin Tsung-hsien (2009–2017)
- Wu Tze-cheng (2017)
- Chen Chin-te (2017–2018)
- Lin Zi-miao (2018)
Administrative divisions
Yilan County is divided into 1 city, 3 urban townships, 6 rural townships and 2 mountain indigenous townships.[10]
Type | Name | Chinese | Taiwanese | Hakka | Formosan |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
City | Yilan City | 宜蘭市 | Gî-lân | Ngì-làn | KebalanKavalan |
Urban townships |
Luodong | 羅東鎮 | Lô-tong | Lò-tûng | RutungKavalan |
Su'ao (Suao) |
蘇澳鎮 | So-ò/So·-ò | Sû-o | ||
Toucheng | 頭城鎮 | Thâu-siâⁿ | Thèu-sàng | ||
Rural townships |
Dongshan | 冬山鄉 | Tang-soaⁿ | Tûng-sân | |
Jiaoxi | 礁溪鄉 | Ta-khe/Ta-kheⁿ | Tsiâu-hâi | ||
Sanxing | 三星鄉 | Sam-sing | Sâm-sên | ||
Wujie | 五結鄉 | Gō·-kiat | Ńg-kiet | ||
Yuanshan | 員山鄉 | Îⁿ-soaⁿ | Yèn-sân | ||
Zhuangwei (Jhuangwei) |
壯圍鄉 | Chòng-ûi | Tsong-vì | ||
Mountain indigenous townships |
Datong | 大同鄉 | Tāi-tông | Thai-thùng | Tayto Atayal |
Nan'ao | 南澳鄉 | Lâm-ò | Nàm-o | Nan'ao Atayal |
Colors indicate the common language status of Formosan languages within each division.
Politics
Yilan County voted one Democratic Progressive Party legislator out of one seat to be in the Legislative Yuan during the 2016 Republic of China legislative election.[11]
Demographics and culture
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1985 | 449,981 | — |
1990 | 450,943 | +0.2% |
1995 | 465,043 | +3.1% |
2000 | 465,186 | +0.0% |
2005 | 460,426 | −1.0% |
2010 | 460,486 | +0.0% |
2015 | 458,117 | −0.5% |
Source:"Populations by city and country in Taiwan". Ministry of the Interior Population Census. |
Population
Today Han Chinese comprises the majority of the population in Yilan County.[4]
Education
Education related affairs in Yilan County is governed by the Education Department of Yilan County Government. The county houses several public and private universities and colleges such as the National Ilan University, National Lan-Yang Girls' Senior High school, National Yilan Senior High School, Lan Yang Institute of Technology and St. Mary's Medicine Nursing and Management College.
Energy
Yilan County has 40 MW renewable energy capacity from an incinerator plant and two hydroelectric power plants.[12] It houses the Qingshui Geothermal Power Plant.
Sports
Yilan County was the host for the 2009 Asian Rowing Championships.[13]
Tourist attractions
- Atayal Life Museum
- Guishan Island
- Jim and Dad's Brewery
- Erjie Rice Barn
- Jiuliao River Ecological Park
- Luodong Forestry Culture Park
- Su'ao Fortress
- Memorial Hall of Founding of Yilan Administration
- Northeast Coast National Scenic Area
- Jiaoxi Hot Springs (礁溪溫泉)[14]
- Wufongci Scenic Area (五峰旗風景區)[15]
- Kavalan Distillery
- Taiping Mountain[16]
- Luodong Night Market[17]
- National Center for Traditional Arts
- Spring Onion Culture Museum
- Changpi Lake
- Lee Rong-chun Literary Museum
- Old Dali Bridge
- Tofu Cape
- Yilan Brick Kiln
- Toucheng Leisure Farm
- Wufengqi Waterfall
- Wulaokeng Scenic Area
- Yilan Museum of Art
- Yilan Literary Museum
- Zhu Dayu Culture Museum
- Nantian Temple
- Kailu Xianfengye Temple
- Baitul Muslimin Mosque
Festivals
- Yilan International Children's Folklore and Folkgame Festival, “A dreamland for the children of Taiwan, a magnet for art from around the world, a garden of culture for the people of Ilan.” Seven years ago, these were the concepts that launched the first ICFFF, and over the years the people of Yilan have been making it happen step by step. Of all Taiwan’s folk festivals, the ICFFF is probably the best known internationally.
- Each summer, Dongshan River Water Park attracts countless children and the themes of the various years have become for many part of the collective memory. The number of people attending has grown each year since the festival was first held in 1996, surpassing one million visits for the first time in 2002. Not only does the event enrich Yilan's cultural soil and create business opportunities, it offers a highly successful example which other cities and counties across Taiwan can draw on as they also attempt to bring more culture and art into the life of their communities.
- Started from 2004, Yilan Green International Film Festival (GIFT; Chinese: 宜蘭國際綠色影展) is a non-competition film festival which launched its 3rd edition from 28/4 to 06/5, 2006. GIFT also aims to build up an archive collecting the selected works for the purposes of relevant research as well as education.
- Yilan International Collegiate Invitational Regatta[18]
- Su'ao. The spindle of Expo normally has three parts and there are agricultural life, ecological conservation, sustainable future. It attracts 300~400 thousand people every year in average.[19]
Transportation
Rail
The
On 21 October 2018, it was the site of a train derailment that killed 18 passengers and injured 178.[20]
Water
Harbors in the county include Wushi Harbor.
Celebrities
- Lin Huan-chang, a children's literature writer and poet.
See also
Notes
Words in native languages
References
- ^ 教育部重編國語辭典修訂本 (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Retrieved 12 October 2019.
字詞 【宜蘭縣】 注音 ㄧˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ 漢語拼音 yí lán xiàn
- ^ Such as in PTT BBS Board of I-lan [1] Archived 2018-11-01 at the Wayback Machine, and in I-Lan Journal of History [2] Archived 2018-11-01 at the Wayback Machine
- OCLC 644323041.
- ^ a b "Yilan County Hall ─ A Multi-Ethnic Community". Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2014-09-14.
- ^ "宜蘭縣政府404". Archived from the original on 2014-09-14. Retrieved 2014-09-14.
- ^ "宜蘭縣政府404". Archived from the original on 2014-09-14. Retrieved 2014-09-14.
- ^ "Rezoning Taiwan". Taiwan Today. 1 February 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
- ^ "宜蘭縣政府404". Archived from the original on 2015-04-05. Retrieved 2014-09-15.
- ^ 地理位置圖. 宜蘭縣頭城鎮公所 Toucheng Township Office (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Archived from the original on 7 July 2019. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
另轄兩小島(龜山島及龜卵嶼)及一群島(釣魚臺列嶼)。
- ^ "Introduction to the Towns". Yilan County Government – 宜蘭縣政府全球資訊網. Archived from the original on 29 March 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
- ^ "2016 The 14th Presidential and Vice Presidential Election and The 9th Legislator Election". Archived from the original on 2016-02-22. Retrieved 2016-01-17.
- ^ Gao, Pat (1 January 2017). "Head of Steam". Taiwan Today. Archived from the original on 3 March 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
- ^ Wan-ting, Ling; Y.L., Kao (30 October 2009). "Asian rowing championships to open in Yilan". Central News Agency. Retrieved 23 January 2022.
- ^ "Jiaosi Hot Springs". National Central Library. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27.
- ^ "Wufongci (Five-Peak Flag) Scenic Area". National Central Library. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27.
- ^ "Taipingshan". taiwan.com.au. Archived from the original on 2007-04-29.
- ^ Travel Bureau MOTC, R.O.C.
- ^ "regatta.ilc.edu.tw". Archived from the original on January 4, 2006.
- ^ 宜蘭縣政府. 2016宜蘭綠色博覽會官方網站– 糧心. greenexpo.e-land.gov.tw. Archived from the original on 2016-03-06. Retrieved 2016-03-09.
- ^ By Yong Xiong, Mimi Hsin Hsuan Sun and Sheena McKenzie (21 October 2018). "At least 18 dead and 178 injured in Taiwan train derailment". CNN. Archived from the original on 2018-10-22. Retrieved 2018-10-22.
External links
- Official website
- ICFFF website (in Chinese)
- NE Coast National Scenic Area website (in English)
- Wufongci Waterfall (in Japanese)
- Yilan – A Natural Choice for Families