Zarphatic language
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Zarphatic | |
---|---|
Judæo-French | |
צרפתית Tzarfatit | |
Native to | England |
Ethnicity | Ashkenazi Jews |
Extinct | 14th century[1] |
Early forms | Old Latin
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | zrp |
Glottolog | zarp1238 |
Zarphatic, or Judeo-French (Zarphatic: Tzarfatit), is an
Yiddish.[4]
Etymology
The term Zarphatic, coined by
Hebrew name for France, Tzarfat (צרפת), which was originally used in the Hebrew Bible as a name for the city of Sarepta, in Phoenicia
.
Writing
Zarphatic was written using a variation of the
Moshe HaDarshan and Rashi. The language became secularised during the 13th century
, becoming used in varied domains such as poetry, medicine, astronomy, and commerce.
Most linguists agree that Zarphatic was not fundamentally different from
Judeo-Romance
language.
It seems that Zarphatic was probably never a
vernacular language, and that the Jews of the area did not speak a differing language or dialect, at least not one distinguished by phonology or lexicon beyond that specific to a community.[7]
Rather, it acted more as a liturgical language, for exegesis and literature. Its primary use was for explanation and vulgarisation of biblical and rabbinical literature.
See also
- Judeo-Romance languages
References
- ^ Kiwitt, Marc; Zwink, Julia. "Judeo-French". Jewish Languages. Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion. Archived from the original on 2022-10-13. Retrieved 2022-10-13.
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2022-05-24). "Oil". Glottolog. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on 2022-10-08. Retrieved 2022-10-07.
- ^ Hillaby (2013), pp. 1, 112, 194-5.
- ^ Katznelson, Itzhak (2008). "Yiddish Language". Encyclopaedia iudaica.
- ^ S. A. Birnbaum, Yiddish: A Survey and a Grammar, Second Edition (University of Toronto Press, 2016), p. 33.
- ^ M. Weinreich et S. A. Birnbaum, cited by Marc Kiwitt, cf sources
- ^ Jean Baumgarten in La question du judéo-français vue par les philologues allemands et français, citing M. Bannitt; cf bibliographie
- Information for this article draws heavily on the information presented on the Jewish Languages project Judeo-French page Archived 2009-05-01 at the Wayback Machine
- Hillaby, Joe (2013). The Palgrave Dictionary of Medieval Anglo-Jewish History. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0230278165.
- Philippe Bobichon, Controverse judéo-chrétienne en Ashkenaz (XIIIe s.). Florilèges polémiques : hébreu, latin, ancien français, Bibliothèque de l’EPHE-SR, Paris, 2015 online
External links
- Menahem Banitt and Cyril Aslanov (1972, 2006), Judeo-French Archived 2015-07-19 at the Wayback Machine, from Encyclopaedia Judaica; via Jewish Virtual Library