Zaventem
Zaventem | |
---|---|
Government | |
• Mayor | Ingrid Holemans (Open Vld) |
• Governing party/ies | Open Vld, CD&V |
Area | |
• Total | 27.73 km2 (10.71 sq mi) |
Population (2021-01-01)[1] | |
• Total | 35,184 |
• Density | 1,300/km2 (3,300/sq mi) |
Postal codes | 1930, 1932, 1933 |
NIS code | 23094 |
Area codes | 02 |
Website | www.zaventem.be |
Zaventem (Dutch pronunciation:
On 1 January 2006, Zaventem had a total population of 28,651. The total area is 27.62 km2 (10.66 sq mi), which gives a population density of 1,037/km2 (2,690/sq mi). The official language of Zaventem is Dutch. Zaventem is the home of Brussels Airport, together with neighbouring town of Diegem.
Etymology
The old spelling of the municipality's name is Saventhem, but the oldest notation of Zaventem is Saventa, which dates from records in 1117. There are several hypotheses on the meaning of the name. One of them refers to the seven pools or small ponds that existed in the area during medieval times. Another one refers to small ponds in a sandy environment (sabulous clay). Others interpret the name Zaventem as a reconfiguration of zeven tommen (meaning seven (Gallo-Roman) tumuli or burial mounds) or zaaivelden (meaning field for sowing).[2]
History
The earliest history of Zaventem goes back to the
Lords of Saventhem
From 1112 to 1122, the
In 1605, the
Originally, there was a large forest northwest of Zaventem called Saventerlo where the
From the 18th century however, Zaventem gradually changes from an agricultural community to an industrial community. Especially the construction of the road between Leuven and Brussels from 1705 to 1710, contributed to this evolution. From 1850, the development of steam engines even intensified the process of industrialisation, having a negative effect on agricultural activities. Gradually, the large leasehold estates of farmland were replaced in the 19th century by houses of labourers. In 1866, the railway track between Brussels and Leuven, as a sign of the industrial era, was inaugurated splitting Zaventem into two parts. In addition to the paper industry, industrial activity also started to revolve around the tanning of leather in the late 19th century. At the start of the 20th century, the car manufacturer Excelsior, that would become world-renowned later on, produced some of its cars in a factory in Zaventem. All these industrial initiatives prompted the building of various small castles and grand villas in the municipality for the executive directors of the companies such as the Feldheim Villa of the wealthy eponymous family that was involved in the tanning industry. After World War II, however, many of the factories were forced to close, unable to keep up with foreign competition.[2]
With the building of
2016 Brussels bombings
During the
Places of interest
Church of Saint Martin and Anthony van Dyck's masterpiece
The
De Veste Museum of Local History
The museum exhibits objects that are mainly loaned from a society for local history. They are primarily old objects that were used in the past, such as weighing instruments,
Mariadal Castle
The Mariadal Castle in the municipal park was built at the end of the 19th century by the archeologist Baron Emile de Munck. It contains two building layers and seven
House of the Seven Knights
The House of the Seven Knights ("Huis der Zeven Ridders") is a building from the 17th century and was the property of the du Bois or vanden Bossche family. It therefore was called the vanden Bossche House (Huize vanden Bossche) and unrightfully the House of the Seven Knights. In 1312, the ruling vander Meerens family from Sterrebeek acquired a fief homestead called The Seven Fiefs of Wezembeek that were sold to Ferdinand van Boisschot in the 17th century. In several charters there is a mentioning of the Seven Hereditary Lords of Zaventem and the Sevenantship of Wesembeeck (Seventnantschap van Wesembeeck) who decided on important decisions so they possibly controlled the homestead at some point. It is wrong, however, that the vanden Bossche House is called the House of the Seven Knights considering that the former is a mansion from the 17th century. Because of their multitude of properties the vanden Bossche family was highly regarded amongst the people, which may explain the confusion.[6]
Stockmans Mill
The Stockmans Mill (Stockmansmolen) is the only watermill that is left in Zaventem. Its history goes back to the 13th century when during the time of Henry III, Duke of Brabant the mill was mentioned in an official document of 1249. Around 1450, this mill company belonged to the van der Beke family, which is why it was called the ter Beke Mill, at that time adjacent to the ter Beke Court. The court and the mill were separated in the 16th and 17th century due to a series of inheritances and sales. From 1675 until the beginning of the 19th century, the mill remained the property of the highly esteemed vanden Bossche family. In 1807 the mill was sold to Karel de Velder. When during the Belgian Revolution of 1830, Dutch troops were stationed in the fields along the Woluwe River between Zaventem and Sint-Stevens-Woluwe, miller Karel de Velder stopped the water from flowing through in order to flood the fields and the Dutch would retreat. The mill subsequently became the property of the Stockmans family after Karel de Velder's granddaughter married Jan Philippe Stockmans, hence the name "Stockmans Mill". The watermill was used to grind the grains, and later it was also used as a paper mill. Watermills contributed greatly to the early industrialisation of the area. It remained functioning until the mid-20th century but its condition decreased gravely. A private owner bought it and renovated it in the end of the 1980s to convert it into a restaurant and tavern.[6] Stockmansmolen is now a popular burger restaurant.
Infrastructure
The Zaventem Fire Department (Brandweer Zaventem) provides fire protection services.[7]
Railway stations in the municipality include
Economy
Ingersoll Rand has its European headquarters in the Alma Court building in Sint-Stevens-Woluwe, Zaventem.[10]
Former companies
When it existed,
National airport
Brussels Airport is the national airport of Belgium. It covers an area of 1245 hectares with about 225,000 flight movements and at least 19 million passengers annually, therefore making it the largest airport in Belgium. The airport is located in the province of Flemish Brabant on the municipal territory of Zaventem, Machelen and Steenokkerzeel, and it is run by the Brussels Airport Company, previously known by the abbreviation BIAC. The Belgian capital Brussels is at a distance of 12 km (7 mi) and can be reached with public transport.
History
The home of the national airport originates in the municipality of
At the end of the 1930s, the
Only starting the 1950s, Zaventem was chosen by the
The buildings of the Zaventem airport were designed in 1956-1958 by Maxime Brunfaut, Georges Bontinck and Jos Moutschen. It was initially estimated that it should have a maximum capacity of 6 million passengers per year. The 1950s were characterised by an uncurbed belief in technological progress. This was translated into the architecture by using such materials as aluminium, concrete, steel, and glass. The transit hall was intended as a striking feature with a space of a 100m long, 55m wide and 18m high, covered with a curved roof structure out of aluminium. Over the years, expansions and adjustments were made, leading to the loss of much of the original design. In 1994, Pier B was put into use so that 21 million passengers could be handled annually. Pier A was opened in 2002 to ensure a better flow and increased passenger comfort, processing another 25 million passengers annually.[19]
Education
Schools in Zaventem include Gemeentelijke (community) as well as catholic primary and secondary schools, and Gemeentelijke Academie voor Muziek, Woord en Dans.[20] Brussels American School (the United States Department of Defense school) is in Zaventem.
Zaventem has a library.[21]
Parks and recreation
Seven parks are located in Zaventem.[22]
International relations
Twin towns – Sister cities
Zaventem is
- Availles-Limouzine, France
- Blankenheim, Germany
- Kronberg im Taunus, Germany.[23]
Gallery
-
Inside the Church of Saint Martin , Zaventem
-
Aerial photo of Zaventem
-
Aerial photo of Zaventem
-
Aerial photo of Zaventem
-
The Church of Saint Lambert, Nossegem
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The Church of Saint Lambert, Nossegem
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The hippodrome of Sterrebeek
-
The Church of Saint Pancras, Sterrebeek
-
The ring road of Brussels in Sint-Stevens-Woluwe
See also
References
- Wikidata Q12480
- ^ a b c d The investaris van het bouwkundig erfgoed – Zaventem, Inventaris Onroerend Erfgoed, retrieved 2014-07-22.
- ^ Geschiedenis van Zaventem Archived 28 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Immoweb.be, retrieved 2014-07-22.
- ^ History Archived 28 June 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Brussels Airport, retrieved 2014-07-22.
- ^ Heemkundig Museum "De Veste", Gemeente Zaventem – Cultuur en Toerisme, retrieved 2014-07-23.
- ^ a b c Van Dyck pad, retrieved 2014-07-23.
- ^ "Brandweer." Zaventem. Retrieved 23 October 2009.
- DHL. Retrieved 27 June 2010. "European Air Transport N.V./S.A., a company registered in Belgium with its business address at Building 4–5, Brussels Airport, 1930 Zaventem, Belgium"
- ^ "'Green' landings at Brussels Airport Archived 29 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine." . 21 March 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2012. "The airspace above Belgium is generally considered to be the most complex and busiest of Europe"
- ^ "Contact Us Archived 2 January 2011 at the Wayback Machine." Ingersoll Rand. Retrieved 18 January 2011. "Europe Headquarters Alma Court Building Lenneke Marelaan 6 1932 Sint-Stevens-Woluwe Belgium"
- ^ "World Airline Directory." Flight Global. 30 March – 5 April 2004. 92.
- ^ "World Airline Directory." Flight International. 30 March – 5 April 2004. 71.
- ^ Von Schreiber, Sylvia. "Organisierte Pleite." Der Spiegel. 26 November 2001. "Wenige Stunden vorher geschah noch weit Merkwürdigeres: Polizisten der Brüsseler "Aufspürungsbrigade 4" drangen in die Privatwohnungen von vier Managern und in das Firmengebäude Sabena House am Flughafen Zaventem ein."
- ^ "Survey: World Airlines." Flight International. 1–7 April 2003. 74.
- ^ "Contact Us." Sobelair. 5 December 2002. Retrieved 27 May 2010.
- ^ "World Airline Directory." Flight International. 1 April 1989. 126.
- ^ "CityBird Offices." CityBird. Retrieved 3 November 1999.
- ^ "cargo b in Belgium." Cargo B Airlines. 18 April 2008. Retrieved 20 February 2012. "Brucargo Building 706 Box 75 1931 Zaventem, Belgium"
- ^ Nationale Luchthaven Zaventem, Gemeente Zaventem – Cultuur en Toerisme, retrieved 2014-07-23.
- ^ "Gemeentelijk onderwijs(academy of music, spoken word and dance)." Zaventem. Retrieved 23 October 2009.
- ^ "Bibliotheek." Zaventem. Retrieved 23 October 2009.
- ^ "Parken. Zaventem. Retrieved 23 October 2009.
- ^ "Road sign in Zaventem naming its twin towns". 5 November 2009. Retrieved 1 November 2018.